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Phenotypic Selection on Plant Traits and Floral Traits at Different Altitudes for Meconopsis integrifolia

海拔对全缘叶绿绒蒿植株性状和花特征的表型选择分析



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,2016,36(7):1443-1449
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犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪)x56™š,›œ‚ž,Ÿ ¡¢z{(4452、4081£3681m)¤¥a¦§#€、‚ƒ„、¨ ©
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犘犺犲狀狅狋狔狆犻犮犛犲犾犲犮狋犻狅狀狅狀犘犾犪狀狋犜狉犪犻狋狊犪狀犱犉犾狅狉犪犾犜狉犪犻狋狊犪狋
犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犃犾狋犻狋狌犱犲狊犳狅狉犕犲犮狅狀狅狆狊犻狊犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪
WUYun1,2,3,ZHANGNiwen4,PENGHan1,LIUGuangli1
(1ColegeofLandscapeArchitecture,SichuanAgricultureUniversity,Chengdu611130,China;2KeyLaboratoryofTropical
ForestEcology,XishuangbannaTropicalBotanicalGarden,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Mengla,Yunnan666303,China;3
UniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100039,China;4SichuanAerospaceVocationalColege,GuanghanSichuan
618300,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Wemeasuredplanttraitsandfloraltraitsof犕犲犮狅狀狅狆狊犻狊犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪atdifferentaltitudepopula
tions(4452m,4081m,3681m),colectedripefruitsintheendoffloweringandcountedseedproduc
tionperfruittoestimatetheoveralphenotypicselectiondifferentialandselectiongradient.Weusedone
wayANOVAanalysistoestimatevariationsofplanttraits,floraltraitsandseedproductionperfruitat
differentaltitudepopulations.Weevaluatedphenotypicselection(selectiondifferentialandselectiongradi
ent)onplanttraits(plantheightandleafsize),floraltraitsatdifferentaltitudespopulationsusingmulti
linearregressionmodel.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)thereweresignificantreducingofplanttraits,floral
traitsandseedproductionwiththeincreasingaltitude.Thehigheraltitude,thelowerplantheight,the
smalerleafsize,thelowernumberofflowerperplant,thesmalerfloralsizeandthelowerseedproduc
tionperfruitwereinpopulation.(2)Wefoundsignificantdifferencesonphenotypicselectionofplant
traitsandfloraltraitsatdifferentaltitudepopulations.Inparticularly,thereweresignificantselectiondif
ferentialandselectiongradientonnumberofflowerperplantandfloralsizeinpopulation3(3681m);
however,plantheight,leafsizeandnumberofflowerperplantweremorelikelytobechoseninpopulation
2(4081m);interestingly,selectiondifferentialandselectiongradientonleafsizeandnumberofflower
perplantweremarginalsignificantinpopulation1(4452m).(3)Ourresultsindicatedthatdivergentalti
tudesmightleadtodifferentphenotypes,floraltraitsweremorelikelytobechosenatloweraltitude.By
contrast,plantheightandleafsizeweremorelikelytobechosenbecauseofrarepolinatorsandresources
limitationathigheraltitude.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:plantheight;leafsize;floraltraits;femalefitness;phenotypicselection;altitude
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Fig.1 Measurementsonleaflength,leafwidth,petallengthandpetalwidthof犕犲犮狅狀狅狆狊犻狊犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪
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F3 789:;Table3 Phenotypiccorrelationsamongtheplanttraits,
floraltraitsof犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪
€    
Trait    
<
Plant
height
•ÈÉ
Leafsize
‚«
Number
offlower
perplant
•ÈÉLeafsize 0.749
‚« Numberofflowerperplant0.586 0.597
‚[ÊFloralsize 0.576 0.687 0.490
ƒ
:…÷ÂÃÿô犘<0.01
Notes:indicatedsignificantlevel犘<0.01
F1 ij45kl789:;<=>?@、BCD\kqrs
Table1 Planttraits,floraltraitsandseedproductionperfruitof犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪atdifferentaltitudes
¤¥Population
z{
Altitude
/m
<
Plantheight
/cm
•ÈÉ
Leafsize
/cm2
‚«
Number
offlower
‚[Ê
Floralsize
/cm2
¤~r
Seedproduction
perfruit
¤¥1Population1 4452 36.77±6.54 638.63±487.61 4.10±1.16 96.21±37.98 288.99±94.35
¤¥2Population2 4081 60.77±8.49 1076.60±696.43 5.40±1.85 136.03±46.58 499.28±98.79
¤¥3Population3 3681 74.20±10.86 1909.51±713.48 5.87±1.96 150.86±48.34 512.32±120.00
ƒ

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Notes:data= mean±S.D.
F2 ij45kl789:;Table2 Coefficientofvariationontraitsof犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪atdifferentaltitudes
¤¥Population
<
Plantheight
•ÈÉ
Leafsize
‚«
Numberofflower
‚[Ê
Floralsize
¤~r
Seedproductionperfruit
¤¥1Population1 0.1781 0.7635 0.2818 0.3947 0.3265
¤¥2Population2 0.1398 0.6469 0.3425 0.3424 0.1979
¤¥3Population3 0.1463 0.3736 0.3342 0.3204 0.2342
F4 789:;Table4 Selectiondifferentialontraitsof犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪atdifferentaltitudepopulations
¤¥
Population
€Trait     
‡ˆ|Selectiondifferential
´µ>«β
Regressioncoefficientβ
犘¶†
Model犘value
õ >«犚2
Determinationcoefficient犚2
¤¥1
Population1
<Plantheight 0.044 0.288 0.040
•ÈÉLeafsize 0.019 0.667 0.007
‚« Numberofflowerperplant 0.066 0.111 0.088
‚[ÊFloralsize 0.060 0.235 0.050
¤¥2
Population2
<Plantheight 0.135 <0.001 0.570
•ÈÉLeafsize 0.108 <0.01 0.347
‚« Numberofflowerperplant 0.079 0.014 0.196
‚[ÊFloralsize 0.054 0.151 0.072
¤¥3
Population3
<Plantheight 0.036 0.238 0.049
•ÈÉLeafsize 0.024 0.474 0.018
‚« Numberofflowerperplant 0.066 0.023 0.171
‚[ÊFloralsize 0.086 0.011 0.209
6441 ! " # $ % &                   36¶
F5 789:;Table5 Selectiongradientsontraitsof犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪atdifferentaltitudepopulations
¦§Index     
¤¥1Population1 ¤¥2Population2 ¤¥3Population3
,´µ>«βi
Partialregression
coefficientβi

,´µ>«βi
Partialregression
coefficientβi

,´µ>«βi
Partialregression
coefficientβi

<Plantheight 0.041 0.453 0.115 <0.001 -0.058 0.172
•ÈÉLeafsize -0.212  0.063 0.021 0.522 -0.042 0.245
‚«Numberofflowerperplant 0.112 0.092 0.056  0.013 0.103 0.020
‚[ÊFloralsize 0.094 0.287 -0.005   0.858 0.090 0.015
犘¶† Model犘value 0.288 <0.001 0.017
õ >«犚2Determinationcoefficient犚2 0.410 0.685 0.373
æ2 ¤¥2“”•–—˜b~ӀÔÕ¼TÏÐ
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Fig.2 Relationshipsbetweenrelativefemalefitnessand
traitswithsignificantselectiondifferentialinpopulation
2of犕.犻狀狋犲犵狉犻犳狅犾犻犪
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