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作 者 ：杨松杰1,2,梁 强3

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2013年 8期 页码：1565~1573

关键词：普通小麦；地方品种；HMW-GS和LMW-GS等位变异；分子标记；遗传多样性；

Keywords:bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), landrace, HMW-GS and LMW-GS alleles, molecular marker, genetic diversity,

摘 要 ：采用SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳和STS标记方法分别对陕南鄂西丘陵麦区小麦品种（系)中的高分子量谷蛋白亚基（HMW-GS)组成和低分子量谷蛋白亚基（LMW-GS)Glu-A3与Glu-B3位点的等位基因进行了检测,并通过STS特异性标记对SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测的HMW-GS部分结果进行了验证。结果表明:（1)陕南麦区64份小麦材料中共检测到9种HMW-GS类型,其中Glu-A1位点含有Null、1共2种等位变异,频率分别为53.12%和46.88%;Glu-B1位点有7+8、7+9、14+15和17+18共4个等位变异,频率分别为26.56%、48.44%、21.88%和3.13%;Glu-D1位点有2+12、5+10和4+12共3种等位变异,频率为71.88%、15.63%和12.49%;而且17种不同亚基组合中以“1,7+9,2+12”与“Null,7+9,2+12”为主。（2)64份小麦材料中检测到11种LMW-GS类型,其中Glu-A3位点存在Glu-A3a、Glu-A3c和Glu-A3d共3种等位变异,分布频率为10.94%、62.50%和26.56%;Glu-B3位点有Glu-B3a、Glu-B3b、Glu-B3d、Glu-B3e、Glu-B3f、Glu-B3g、Glu-B3i和Glu-B3j共8种等位变异,分布频率分别为6.25%、4.69%、29.69%、1.56%、3.13%、18.75%、4.69%、31.25%。（3)2个特异性STS标记对SDS-PAGE凝胶电泳检测到的HMW-GS部分组成结果验证表明,STS标记可以有效克服SDS-PAGE方法检测小麦HMW-GS中的7与7^*、8与8^*以及2与2^*亚基的误读问题,为小麦品质育种与食品加工提供理论支持。

Abstract:The allelic compositions of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) and the alleles on Glu-A3 and Glu-B3 loci of low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit(LMW-GS) in the wheat cultivars and lines in Southern Shaanxi were identified by SDS-PAGE and STS molecular markers,respectively;and the partial allelic results of HMW-GS from SDS-PAGE were validated by STS specific marker.The results showed that:(1)There were nine types of allelic variations of HMW-GS in 64 cultivated materials in Southern Shaanxi.The frequencies of the Null and 1 alleles at Glu-A1 locus were 53.12% and 46.88%,respectively;the alleles of 7+8,7+9,14+15 and 17+18 at Glu-B1 locus are 26.56%,48.44%,21.88% and 3.13%,respectively;the alleles of 2 +12,5+10 and 4+12 at Glu-D1 locus were 71.88%,15.63% and 12.49%,respectively and the 9 HMW-GS alleles formed 17 types of permutations in which “1,7+9,2+12” and “null,7+9,2+12” were the major styles.(2)The frequencies of the allelic variations of Glu-A3a,Glu-A3c and Glu-A3d at Glu-A3 locus of LMW-GS are 10.94%,62.50% and 26.56%,respectively;and the alleles of Glu-B3a,Glu-B3b,Glu-B3d,Glu-B3e,Glu-B3f,Glu-B3g,Glu-B3i and Glu-B3j at Glu-B3 locus of LMW-GS are 6.25%,4.69%,29.69%,1.56%,3.13%,18.75%,4.69% and 31.25%,respectively.(3)The validated results from 2 STS specific markers for the allelic compositions of HMW-GS by SDS-PAGE could demonstrate that STS specific markers might efficiently overcome the misreading for the alleles of 7 and 7^*,8 and 8^* and 2 and 2^*.

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