Abstract:In this study,trends in synonymous codon usage in Vitis vinifera have been firstly examined through the multivariate statistical analysis on 1374 cDNA sequences.The results showed that the genes positions on the primary axis were strongly negatively correlated with GC3s,GC content of individual gene and gene expression level,which indicated that nucleotide composition and gene expression level were the main factors in shaping the codon usage of V.vinifera,and the variation in codon usage among genes may be due to mutational bias （r=0.925） at the DNA level and natural selection （r=0.193） acting at the level of mRNA translation.At the same time,CDS length and the hydrophobicity of each protein were,respectively,significantly correlated with codon bias.