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作 者 ：李万昌1，王 静1，王俊伟1，余娇娇1，郭士伟2*

期 刊 ：西北植物学报 2013年 1期 页码：7~10

关键词：水稻；亚种间杂种；细胞学；减数分裂；

Keywords:rice, inter-subspecific hybrid, cytology, meiosis,

摘 要 ：利用石蜡切片和染色体压片法对水稻亚种间半不育杂种F₁及其亲本的小孢子母细胞减数分裂过程进行细胞学观察。结果显示：亲本及杂种F₁的花药壁发育正常，但部分F₁的小孢子母细胞减数分裂异常，形成不均等的二分体和异常的四分体；其染色体在中期Ⅰ分散在赤道板两旁或远离赤道板，形成单价体；在后期Ⅰ和后期Ⅱ产生大量落后染色体或染色体桥。研究表明，部分花粉母细胞减数分裂中期和后期染色体行为异常可能是造成杂种F₁花粉半不育的主要原因。

Abstract:Cytological observation on microsporogenesis of inter-subspecific semi-sterility hybrid F₁ and its parents was conducted by using technique of paraffin section and extrusion chromosomes on slides.The results indicated that the anther wall of hybrid F₁ and its parents was normal.However,the meiosis of some microspore mother cells in hybrid F₁ was abnormal,e.g.chromosome pairing unequally,aberrant dyad and tetrad formation.The hybrid F₁ forms univalent at metaphase Ⅰ,delayed chromosomes and chromosomal bridge could be found at anaphase Ⅰ,delayed chromosome also could be found at anaphase Ⅱ.In summary,the main causes of the pollen semi-sterility of hybrid F₁ might be caused by the aberrant chromosome behavior of some microspore mother cells in hybrid F₁ at meiosis metaphase and anaphase.

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