免费文献传递   相关文献

Biocontrol of Asian Longhorned Bettle Larva by Releasing Eggs of Dastarcus helophoroides (Coleoptera: Bothrideridae)

释放花绒寄甲卵对光肩星天牛幼虫的防治效果*


采用木块法饲养花绒寄甲成虫,然后将其所产的卵块保存在5 ℃恒温条件下,以确定低温保存后花绒寄甲卵的生活力、初孵幼虫的行为学和对光肩星天牛幼虫的寄生率,并比较林间释放花绒寄甲卵与树干打孔注药(氧化乐果)防治光肩星天牛幼虫的防治效果。结果表明:低温保存49天与花绒寄甲新产卵的孵化率没有差异,花绒寄甲1龄幼虫在室内可存活1~8天、平均2.26天,爬行速度为6.5~100 cm·h-1,平均25.23 cm·h-1,室内及林间释放花绒寄甲卵后其初孵幼虫均能找到光肩星天牛幼虫并进行寄生; 如果温度和湿度适宜,按照每头光肩星天牛幼虫释放15~25粒花绒寄甲卵时其寄生率可达90%; 树干打孔注药与林间释放花绒寄甲卵后光肩星天牛幼虫的虫口减退率均在85%以上,两者的控制效果基本无差别。

The adults of Dastarcus helophoroideswere reared in grooves of wood blocks, and their eggs were preserved at 5 ℃ to maintain the egg viabilities of D. helophoroides. This study observed the behavior and parasitical rates of newly hatched larvae of D. helophoroides to larvae of Anoplophora glabripennis, and compared the control effect to A. glabripennis between releasing D. helophoroideseggs in forests and injecting a pesticide, Omethoate, in trunks. The results showed hatching rates of D. helophoroides eggs preserved in low temperature for 49 d had no difference from those of newly laid eggs. First instars larva of D. helophoroides survived 1~8 d in laboratory, with an average of 2.26 d.Crawling speed of a larva was 65~100 cm·h-1, on average of 2523 cm·h-1. Newly hatched larvae released in both laboratory and forest could find and parasitize their hosts. With proper temperature and humidity environment, the parasitical rate could reach 90% if releasing 15~20 D. helophoroideseggs per one A. glabripennis larvaThe population of A. glabripennis declined more than 85% after both releasing eggs of D. helophoroides in forests and injecting the pesticide in trucks. It was proved there was no difference in control effect to A. glabripennis between the two methods.


全 文 :! !"" ! !#
# $ $ %$ ! %
& ’ ( )
&’()*+(, &(-.,) &(*(’,)
./01!"**/1!
,234*
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# $ $ %
./R,?)HIe-!LdOW7[2KU"
A@A5 ABC# > D6 ;CE!
<51 Klb&(H))&)A t| 75#5$$a#1 ZKEs&;W[2’/F& KA 75$$8#a
61 t|.’HW)A t| 75#5$$a!1 =>&’()?@As&d9wUxNH?@c l/ 5$$$%5G
! "# @"czs\4R,?)yW*M41vc%7HzN_b " 94i>?z*6w[miN_4R,?
)H7dc.Np]OW7Q^))Ie-!LdOW7?dS*=9]&&./R,?)Hx8shpCS<&
;>UG[2e-!LdOW7[2KUSTUVWXmiN_ !%LxR,?)V%H7];St3’(*R,
?) 5{OWbI’R_c 5 : 8LN*B #1#;L*/QSH^ ;1" : 5$$ <=,>? 5**B #"1#6 <=,>? 5*I’O&&.
/R,?)H4vp]OWBeUae-!LdOW=PQ?dapUiH)IH<\*9?!we-!LdO
W./ 5" : #"zR,?)H@v?dSR8 %$@a8shpCSx&&./R,?)H4e-!LdOW7W
lDxSBb 8"@6k*Lq7:0KUA^\’>S
$%&X R,?)Hae-!Lda./a:0KU
’()*+#&7;616$;1! ,-./0#, ,12+#5$$5 ? 7!883#$$%4$! ? $$78 ? $"
>?@#X#$$7 ? 5$ ? 65S
ABCDX>EKF_GX(HL|YZ<#$$;A,B$8,5#G*ZKE-IYZ<#$$"C$5 ? D5!GS
"tpf^Jv!qS
!"#$#%&’#( #) *+",% -#%./#’%01 !0&&(0 -,’2, 34 50(0,+"%. 6..+
#) !"#$"%&’# ()*+,(+%+-.)#<7#(0#8&0’,X!#&/’"10’"1,0G
-E FGHI0/J5 -E K/JL>/HI# -GE ME/HI6 KNHI O>/HIPE!
<51 !"##$%$ "& ’"($)*(+*,"(*-.$)* /0’ 1234$()3*+ 562%#32% 75#5$$a
#1 !$2*$( 7*6*3"2 "& ’"($)*(+ 83)$6)$) 629 :$)*) ;626%$<$2* 629 =>6(62*32$ "& 7-662?3 :("432@$ A3q62 75$$8#a
61 562%#32% B"@6*3"26# 629 C$@-2"#"%+ !"##$%$ 562%#32% 75#5$$a
!1 D$)$6(@- E2)*3*>*$ "& ’"($)* F@"#"%+*F243("2<$2* 629 :("*$@*3"2*!/’ G$3H32% 5$$$%5G
*3+&’,$&X +>G NQJ0RS /T 86)*6(@>) -$#"I-"("39$) UG3G 3GN3GQ EH I3//VGS /T U//Q W0/GE3 GIIS UG3G 23GSG3VGQ NR " 9
R/ =NEHRNEH R>G GII VENWE0EREGS /T 8 4 -$#"I-"("39$) 4 +>ES SRJQX /WSG3VGQ R>G WG>NVE/3 NHQ 2N3NSERENR<>GQ 0N3VNG
/T 8 4 -$#"I-"("39$) R/ 0N3VNG /T /2"I#"I-"(6 %#6J(3I$223)*NHQ G 8 4 -$#"I-"("39$) GIIS EH T/3GSRS NHQ EHYG/NRG*EH R3JHCS4 +>G 3GSJ0RS S>/UGQ >NR<>EHI 3NRGS /T 8 4
-$#"I-"("39$) GIIS 23GSG3VGQ EH 0/U RG=2G3NRJ3G T/3 !% Q >NQ H/ QETTG3GH/SG /T HGU0X 0NEQ GIIS 4 [E3SR EHSRN3S 0N3VN /T 8 4
-$#"I-"("39$) SJ3VEVGQ 5 : 8 Q EH 0NW/3NR/3X*UER> NH NVG3NIG /T #1#; Q4 ’3NU0EHI S2GGQ /T N 0N3VN UNS ;1" : 5$$ <=,>? 5*/H
NVG3NIG /T #"1#6 <=,>? 5 4 *GU0X >NR<>GQ 0N3VNG 3G0GNSGQ EH W/R> 0NW/3NR/3X NHQ T/3GSR GE3 >/SRS 4 \ER>
23/2G3 RG=2G3NRJ3G NHQ >J=EQERX GHVE3/H=GHR*R>G 2N3NSERE %$@ ET 3G0GNSEHI 5" : #$ 8 4 -$#"I-"("39$) GIIS
2G3 /HG / 4 %#6J(3I$223) 0N3VN1 +>G 2/2J0NRE/H /T / 4 %#6J(3I$223) QG<0EHGQ =/3G R>NH 8"@ NTRG3 W/R> 3G0GNSEHI GIIS /T 8 4
-$#"I-"("39$) EH T/3GSRS NHQ EHYGG 2GSREG3G UNS H/ QETTG3GH%#6J(3I$223) WGRUGGH R>G RU/ =GR>/QS4
904 :#’1+X 86)*6(@>) -$#"I-"("39$) GIISa/2"I#"I-"(6 %#6J(3I$223)a3G0GNSEHIaR,?)<86)*6(@>) -$#"I-"("39$)G<0tDX?
)(Gc?de-!LdN}YLdN3:Ld1"
!])7LdOW7-NLq2Z>7"s-)ws?Wk3#R1X7!"*
=Od"pLq[2Ld@K"7c./yWs
0<&7Nb9Ndr)NVW\4HW(3#W4
5y2*5%8%ah=t1*5%%%Na5%%%WaI!Z1*
#$$#Ga"c"VW\’bcpLqyW7y^h*
yW./4x3]57LQwae.*ID:&&
7Ld7:0KU#i[S2o*+l./pLq
#$W97CcI3\NS
?@5WR,?)yWbI’7ycRBR8
!$*4!$b3NUk%H " 0*!wyW$%H
6^ #$$ % &$$z*pU]{./VWbO7R,?
)H:0k[LdOW*9e1GXDmbc)K
"y <^In1*"$$#GS"l_"XZc)6\4
z7R,?)yW%H#I#c@*@&e8 &!
L*@"./H7Cc[2Ld@[NC._[A
67R,?)H*"bC.)34H@dNbH7
];.#:al]*R,?)7p]OW!e#Z
’ ((*H];4./$&&7p]OWe*1Q/
QaLd755=*=?d$LdOW!k1|A
XZ’#-u*[PQRCNk8)?@S
2o*NK"R,?)7H\]loH7N_
HW*Wbvp]OWb1MK7_c@&)1M
R6?M@7/Q.j*?@./H47:0KU
1’MS
’ i’xCs
!"! ecde’YPfC
1t8cmry )*! +( , &*! +( , #*! +(7c
z*7e4bv=89 !*$ +( , ’*! +( , ’*$ +(7
7*7’/9! !w ’&7R,?)yWOVW’)NI@J*kw )*! +( , &*! +(abP! ""k[cz?/$_])7&’c’*c=)
/+NI@JN6%SIH*M4w]&’cc)7
k ’z*kkwabP*Kv_e[\yW:;}x
NyWdc7VpwUS
U ’ \4cz
-./0 ’ 1233 4524.6/ 789+:
;* abP <8233 7924=a>* %Hk ?//@82A.6/ B2B54a
C* VW\’ D.5EaD* I@J F2(B960
!"# \Pg;Dhi
R,?)yW6%H$w<]s<7<5=*
2obk[cz7=7Ns/+" !*$ +( , ’*! +(
k>JKly7JKk*pW_@.%H$JKk
<=S!L$e\’@BFJKk=’W*pkk
3H91vtz*=btz3H7kjkCW%H
@#*/9t46’<6’/+NI@J*6[HZ
El\G*)1v/9 ! G7IM=N_S
!"$ 8jhik\P(lX-
1b ! GIM=N_@&w^ $*H*’&*"’*")*
#!*&"*&I*&JL7R,?)HBF*M4! !$ % ’’$
z+$]$^ ! +(7{W7c’<5/+NI@
JG*)0>/+b ’I*’J*""*"! GiH>?z*!
L[@k8I0];A6S
!"% m~d*"#
I’RC%+ " &S’G1]$x ’$ +(Ne
"! +(7t88s>|*bv=89_VWW5O_
c?UFp*!W5/9 ’we-!LdOWO_
[67R,?)H41>|7cm9P{Ib*/
+R,?)H67u’0>^ ’*!*’$ ) ’! zu’B-Q "! 0Ga!L[@h|cm*’WH7
];)LdOW7d?djkS"GP#LdOW
7dcOR,?)yW%HN?d71Mm9*bk
[cm7VWW5=o/9LdOW*1@._[
A67.HvAbcm]*Hv7H6u’0>^
"!*#I*&"*&&*&!*!$*!&*)# z0G*’WCsxx[{$S
!"& %S.n"#
’Gb&&xy3e-!LdOW^?7*$
^ ’$ % "$ +(7.8 "’$g*./R,?)H*1H
vAb3e-!LdOW7.88sk*hH ’*!
% "*$ (S"Gx{$7Qc I$gPQ8shpCS
[2*!ghp #"*!pC9 !$K7&;>U "*!
(LS#G6#PQ~o[2u’7.8 IIg!^I
?S&GP$LdOW^stndc*" ’we-!
LdOW_@o3 ’"UBp*C8skx3 ’"
eUFV]c?7Wp*8XVpWp’3 ’we
-!LdOW*2o*I$I?Oc3[[2u’7
cQc*bu’xi-W!g8sk3V]c?7
WpA*=6WpA!^!gQc7WlA*uO?
dO’W[2KU@WlA67w[2po11*’JJ"GS
" TUx0R
# ’! ecde\PoB)@hi{SP$N
V ’^b! G>?zN_#$LA7R,?)
H7];jkS#V ’R6kF*UmiN_7H
xWU=~ou’7H*b ’J % "" G>?z];S
JH! &# ~BD1X./R,?)HIe-!LdOW7[2KU
A^_‘*Bb !"#$%6kaR,?)Hb& ’7
mi>?zN_ ()L4"#/0vzv];*"6
b ") ’>?z7];S+h5 ! ecde\PoB)@8jhi{SP$N
"#$%! &’(#)*+,-.*/ $’)0’’, .#)1.*,2 3#)’- +4 ’22- #,5 3’-’36’5
)*7’ *, (+0 )’7/’3#)83’ +4 ! % "#$%&"%’%()#*
N_@&
+,-,./, 012,34
HA
5627,. 89 ,::-
];HA
5627,. 89
;<0=;1>: ,::-
];S
?<0=;1>:
.<0,3%
@
!
"(
*"
*A
B&
(*
($
()
!
$!
&A
&&
$@
&A
!@
&B
""*
$*
&)&
()
(B
(@
(&
(*
&*
BA
AB
(&
(B!
!B#"B
!(#"(
!*#!B
!&#@@
!*#("
!(#*$
!"#!@
!(#""
!*#&A
!B#(&
U * R,?)H];xiH7|t
C1:D * +,E<018>-;1F 7,0G,,> ,:: ;<0=;1>:
.<0, <>4 0,2F,.<06.,
9 %9 ecdeGobYPp_5l
1p];7R,?)OW+$kk*k8v!
!@7/Q.j*TUVWR,?)p]OW"!
"I!*"3I57/Qe.S!!@/Q.j^
$#& H "@@ =2**B *&#*B =2,;I "*!LR/Q $@&#(!
H * (*"#)@ =2**B )&*#B& =2,4I "U B p]OW " ;7/Q.j
C1:D B J.,,F1>: 41-0<>=, 89 0;, 91.-0
1>-0<. E<./< 1> " ;
9 %: GobYPqr
bI’#*vENkr7>?z*k8b !!)w
p]OW7_c@&OWR_c " H (L**B *#*$La"{OW_cL
A ! x_cS " 7|t^ " K @#@"@ * #* I @#"(& *
# L @#&"! )<$* K @#)A) AGS,oR6wWXpUb
&&./HPQ[2@*1HE&$8sk*+p]
OW7_cLA)/Q.j*uY3e.UaLd
OW=?dS
5 9 ecdeGobYPqr
"#$%9 ;*4’<-/#, +4 ).’ 4*3-) *,-)#3 (#36# +4 ! % "#$%&"%’%()#*
_c@&
M1/, 012,34
OWA6
5627,. 89 E<./<,
9S
+<0,3%
" B@& B)#"&
* ")" *(#&*
B "&B ")#$(
( !& )#$B
& *! B#(!
$ "A *#B"
! $ @#!!
A ( @#&"
9 %= stecde\.nuvwxybY"#
* D( D " T>UVWX I’./R,?)H7?
dRCTUVWH# "B H "& L**B^ "(#"@ L**B];S^
AB#B@%*p]OWILdOW7*B?dS^
A!#&@%*8p]OW#Hvk7H];4e1#L
dOWb8sk7UBpP9LdOW55*PQ
?d*pU>?b<*!wLdOWoN./ "& H
*&zR,?)H*vd?d7.SR8 )@%6kS
l1H]{/9Ldw5’4*H7R#CeN];
SDm*p]OWILdOW7?dS5Dm*vM
NP2RecpLqH7];IIHNQ]m*8
s’IHh8 "@@%*iH2#p8s]h*2lq
KvHU/NDm];S)?dSN=KH#CeS
* D( D * oYUVWX 1R,?)H"H07.
HvAb3e-!LdOW>?778sk*[2
xO[24LdOW7A6:;TUVW./R,?)Hx!gQc*B3cOW "#(&w*
./4+4_0’W@!g43 @#* w*WlDx
S8 A$#*@%*l$@PQ78sC>&;>U7
WlDxSu’7I?{9]*$$gI?ckFWlA8!g
(#(BwH4!gVROWA4^ @#@&w*l;)[2u’
7{g!g*BVROWA8 @#""w*^ ./R,
?)H7 *#(A {aVRp7OWEcVM;7y
@A & ’ ( ) (&"
5 ! ecde\Pd*"#
"#$%! &#’#()*)+ ,-.,’)/,0* 12 ! % "#$%&"%’%()#* ,33(
u’
!"#$%&#’%
/+HA
($) #**+ ’,&-#"
H#
.**+ /01# 20+%3")45
F];S
6$%720’* "$%#48
F?dS
9$"$+0%07 "$%#48
NC
:#&$";
H/+$cm’
.**+ <0%20’
%2# <335 -/37;
=
>
=?
=>
=@A??
B?A??
B=A??
B?A>?
C?A??
CDA??
E=AC?
CFA@E
C?A??
@?A??
C?A??
=??A??
-Q B>0*s0/: :#G#$%#5 B>
%0&#+*+#*&#’% &3/50’#++
H/+$cm]
.**+ 3’ %2# +,"1$7#
31 <335 -/37;
B>
HC
DB
DD
D>
>?
>D
@H
=HA??
=HA>?
=DA>?
=>A??
=DA??
=DA??
=DA??
=>A??
@HA@D
@HAHH
@>AE=
@=A@B
@CACE
EFAFB
@=AD@
@HA?@
FDA??
F?A??
FBA??
=??A??
=??A??
E>A??
EEA??
EBA??
-Q B>0*?dS!$ E>8qc
s0H2ZEls\ :#G#$%#5 B>
%0&#+*+#*&#’% 5#+077$%03’ 50# <23+#
G$"$+0%07 "$%# +&$//#" %2$’ E>8
5 4 stecde\kuvwxybYz>PAB!
"#$%4 56/$,’ +7#03,( 12 8103971’0,: $,,*8,( 8#’;# #2*,’ ’,8,#()03 ! % "#$%&"%’%()#* ,33(
/+HA
I,&-#" 31 #**+
/HxWA !=*>% BH@
I,&-#" 31 /3’*J23"’#5
-##%/#+ /$"K$# 13"&#"/)
!=*BH*L$)
’W@WA !B
M,$’%0%) 31 /3’*J23"’#5 -##%/#+ /$"K$# 3’ %2# #N$&0’$%03’ !B
>% BE@
BE*L$)
>% BF@
BF*L$)
C% BD@
BD*O,’#
E% =E@
=E*O,/)
gA
I,&-#" 31
%"##
> P B>
> P B>
BC P D?
BC P D?
D= P C?
D= P C?
C= P @?
C= P @?
C= P @?
@= P =??
@= P =??
@= P =??
FWlA I,&-#" 31 /$"K$#
g*BWlA L#$’ ’,&-#" 31 G#" G/$’%
WlDxS Q#*"#++03’ "$%#48
?
=
B
H
D
>
C
E
@
F
=?
==
H?>
=AD>
?A??
?A>>
BA@>
=A@C
BAH=
DAB>
>AD?
CACE
>A??
?A??
EA??
=>A??
BDD
=A=E
B?A??
?A?D
?AC?
BAE>
BAB=
BA??
BA=H
HAD?
=ACE
>A??
?A??
HA??
=>A??
B?H
?AFE
HHADD
?A=@
?AH=
?AC>
?AE=
=A?@
=ACH
?AC?
?AHH
DA??
=A??
BA??
=HA??
=?>
?A>?
C>A>E
?A?D
?A=B
?A=?
?AHC
?ACF
?ACH
?AC?
?ACE
?A??
HA??
HA??
=A??
DB
?AB?
@CABH
=?=
DB
B?
=D
=H
@
>
H
=
=
=
=
B=?
!WlDxS R2W%H];4w98s7!OWS
"M8shpCS[2LdOW7KUch$
R,?)H’F\8s’7Ld)OWOV];7!OW*~
SK#0Z49#.)3~oKUbSlR,?)
OW_D?dy6*9e-TbG4X*-TIK9
8s7LdOWPQ?d*NSIe-!LdOW
7ST:0KU*ve#7zT:0KUcS7w
scT68a7S
PV D’R6kF*s0./H)H7cQcW
lA6]]h*vMNP2cs0cpW7Hv3H
f:ald%zqIO*l_s09c2Hv&/$
78sulKHbW];xs\c‘S
H Tuxvu
R,?)c|$6ja-U7&cws?WL
d<7-N?dnLq*Z>)@^)qIvdr
)NVW\4HWPQb]^W97?@B??Hah=t1*=FFF$a=FFF-a~BD1*B??E$G*
./R,?)yW[2e-!LdOW@7?dS
R8 C?8 P E?8aY[F1*=F@@a
)BN*=FEHa~BD1*B??E-G*"c7$63KK
""_Lq7p02zcVWl6bcyW7y^
]hS
=@! D# ~BD1X./R,?)HIe-!LdOW7[2KU
5 ! z{|}.nuvwxybYP~.
"#$%! &’()*’+ ,--,.) ’- +’(/01’*(,2 $,,)+,3
+#*4# $5 6(3,.)6.62, 6(7,.)6’( )*8(9
gA
!"#$%& ’( )&%%
[2xWlA!
!*
[24WlA"
!+
+, , ,-,,
*. * ,-*/
0 + ,-/0
1 / ,-2,
2 2 ,-+1
/ 1 ,-.3
+ . ,-1,
* 3 ,-,,
* 0 ,-,,
! 4 ., *,1 **-,,
gBWlA# *-31 ,-*0
WlDxS$ 56 07-1/
! 89&:9 ;"#$%& <=)>’") ?’;)&’@a" 89&:9 ;"#$%& 9()%& ?’;)&’@a#
A%9; ;"#$%& B%& B@9;)a$ C%D&%EE=’; &9)%F
1%$#$@&7R,?)HN_$ 1 G7>
?z*=#/0v];SSI’1H/9VWW5
p1H/+bx3LdOW7cm]*v?dS8
.,6 H *,,6SoN>?<\*!wLdOWoN3
*1 H +1z)n7R,?)H8RN5vd?d*"
]{1H/9bW5@];S9mN?dS5mS
b&&./R,?)Hx8shpCS[2e-!
LdOW7KU’>#)*LdOW7WlDxS
Bb 0166kS?@VW*uYR6@B./R,
?)HX1./yW[2e-!LdOWS./H
9]{./R,?)yW@?dSh7P2Re
c*3L(Jn7yW./$&&43s0yWL
:uD:&&6]*lH9c]{-[bbD:Q
ck*2ov?dShS
./R,?)H*#["c!?M1v\4u
yW*!w!yWb1Mm9z$%H *+, H *1,
z*bVW\4>?z)%H68 /,,7z*2ly
^m3H ., H *1,z*vHgI=N0jO0K0yH.
/v@>q}WS2oN3K7K"pR,?)7
H*V.cz./Hz@7y#\N7sG*’dI
Hz70jp0KHWPQ?@S
E F , -
~BD*~3p*$M&*1 F+,,39FR,H)70$7OvbLdW
5’7d97?@ FKl&)A)4*++<+GX73 I *,,F
~BD*htV*1 U*1 F+,,3$FR,H)Ie-!Ld7?dK
U?@ FKlb&(H)))4X1M()f*/1<.GX*1+ I *1.*
*.+F
I n*~BD*tpf F +,,/ FR,H)7dr)Hn?@ F Klb
&(H)))4X1M()f*/*<+GX.+ I ..F
)BN F *73/ F[s&?WOv[2 F^LX(lV‘Ffy*., I .+F
Y[F*h9k F*700 FR,H)dr)HnOd"?@ FVW7‘*
+1<*+GX*,7 I **+F
I!Z*) k F+,,+ FR,")OWNZ7\4RC F(fb)A)
4*+/h=t*!*R3 F *7779FR,")I’UO?@ Fl/&’)))
4*+*<2GX2/ I 23F
h=t*) k F*777$FR,")OWVW\’7|U?@ Fl/&
’)))4*+*<2GX20 I 1*F
h^Y*~>M*1 U F *77. FR,")70<&7Od"x( FK
lb’)4*1<+GX31 I 30F
@y2 F *707 F&c?WLqVW Fl/X=>&’Ffy*3. I 37F
d+1*JVp*N‘= F *701 FrPR,H)[2^Y!LdRC4
W FVW7‘*++<+GX02 I 0.F
d+1*tIv F*77+ F^Y!LdHb[2HW FKl&)A)4*3
d,2 F *707 FR,H)OWb9:^ FVW7‘*+.<1GX/,,F
!"#$% QRS)
+0 & ’ ( ) 21"