摘 要： 采用目标法和专家咨询法，建立一套结构由目标层、准则层和指标层组成的森林群落健康评价指标体系，其中准则层包括群落结构完整性、林分稳定性、林分生长状况3个方面，指标层包括郁闭度、下木总盖度、建群种平均胸径等9个指标。以森林小班为评价单元，对四川省阿坝州川西林业局301林场云、冷杉林进行森林群落健康状况评价。结果显示：301林场健康林分占有比例最小，其中健康云杉林面积占云杉林面积的13.82%，健康冷杉林面积占冷杉林面积的1.46%。亚健康林分比例最大，亚健康云杉林面积占云杉林面积的83.46%，亚健康冷杉林面积占冷杉林面积的76.03%。不健康林分比例也比较小，不健康云杉林面积占云杉林面积的2.71%，不健康冷杉林面积占冷杉林面积的22.51%。最后初步分析造成目前这种森林群落健康状况的主要原因。
Abstract: The analytic hierarchy process and the delphi method were used to set up an index system of forest community health. The methods consist of object hierarchy, rule hierarchy and index hierarchy. The rule hierarchy contains integrity of community structure, stand stability and condition of stand growth, the index hierarchy contains nine indexes, which include canopy density, total coverage of undergrowth and average DBH of constructive species, and so on. Based on the system, the spruce and fir forests were evaluated in 301 forest stations of the western Sichuan forestry bureau with the forest subcompartment as evaluation unit. The results showed that the area proportion of the sub\|health stands was the largest, that of the health stands took the second place, and that of the poor health stands was the smallest. In the spruce forests, area proportion of the healthy stands was 13.82%, and proportion of the sub\|healthy stands was 83.46%, but the poor healthy stands only accounted for 2.71%. In the fir forest, area proportion of the healthy stands, the sub\|healthy stands and the poor healthy stands accounted for 1.46%, 76.03% and 22.51% respectively. At last, the reasons were analyzed for the present forest community health status.
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