采用室内砂培方式，以 1年生水曲柳幼苗为试验材料，探讨不同光强和供N水平对苗木生长及碳-氮代谢的影响。结果表明： 遮荫处理下的苗木比叶面积、冠根比、单株叶面积和叶质量比分别较全光照处理增加了 35.5%， 24.9%， 21.8%和 18.5%，而苗木单株生物量下降了 19.6%。无论在全光照还是遮荫条件下，苗木单株生物量和叶面积均随 N供给浓度的增加而显著提高（P<0.05）。遮荫处理显著降低了叶片中可溶性糖、淀粉和非结构性碳水化合物含量，随供 N浓度的增加叶片中淀粉和非结构性碳水化合物总量显著降低（P<0.05）。遮荫还使叶片硝酸盐含量和硝酸还原酶活性显著降低（P<0.05），但使叶片可溶性蛋白含量显著提高（P<0.05）。2种光强下，随 N供给水平的提高，叶片可溶性蛋白含量和硝酸还原酶活性明显上升，同时硝酸盐含量则明显下降。叶片碳代谢指标（可溶性糖含量、淀粉含量和非结构性碳水化合物总量）与氮代谢指标（可溶性蛋白含量、硝酸盐含量和硝酸还原酶活性）之间，除可溶性糖含量与硝酸盐含量呈显著正相关外（r=0.944，P<0.01），其余碳氮代谢指标之间具有一定程度的负相关性，但都未达到显著水平。综上所述， 1年生水曲柳苗木对光强和 N营养的改变反应都十分敏感。虽然水曲柳幼苗对弱光和低 N环境具有一定的适应和调节能力，但是光照不足和 N贫乏最终将使苗木的生长发育受到严重抑制。
Light and nitrogen (N) are two main environmental factors affecting plant growth and physiological process. With sand culture in greenhouse, the growth and carbon-nitrogen metabolism of one-year-old Fraxinus mandshurica (Ash) seedlings were analyzed under two light intensities and four N concentrations. The results showed that compared with full light, shading increased the specific leaf area, crown to root ratio (C/R), whole plant leaf area and leaf mass ratio by 35.5%, 24.9%, 21.8% and 18.5%, respectively, but whole plant biomass decreased 19.6%. Under two light intensities, whole plant biomass and leaf area increased significantly with increasing N supply (P<0.05). Furthermore, soluble sugar content, starch content and total non-structural carbon (TNC) content decreased significantly under shading treatment, and starch content and total non-structural carbon content also decreased with increasing N supply (P<0.05). In addition, shading decreased the nitrate content and nitrate reductase (NR) activity in leaves, but the soluble protein content significantly increased (P<0.05). At two light intensities, soluble protein content and NR activity increased, while nitrate content decreased with increasing N supply. There was a significant positive correlation between soluble sugar content and nitrate content (r=0.944, P<0.01), while other carbon metabolism (soluble sugar content, starch content and TNC content) and N metabolism (soluble protein content, nitrate content and NR activity) tend to be a negative correlation, but not significant. In conclusion, one-year-old Ash seedlings were very sensitive to light and N. Low light intensity and N deficiency finally lead to poor growth of Ash seedlings, although the seedlings had somewhat ability for adapting the low light and N deficiency.
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