为明确影响银露梅叶有效成分及抗氧化活性的主导气候因子,揭示银露梅生长的适宜生态区和生境特征,以及为充分开发利用和合理保护野生银露梅药用资源提供依据。采用灰色关联度分析研究6个不同产地野生银露梅叶中单宁、黄酮含量及体外抗氧化活性与气候因子的相关性。在单因素试验基础上,采用响应曲面法优化银露梅叶单宁、黄酮的提取工艺。单宁含量测定采用钨酸钠-磷钼酸显色法,黄酮含量测定采用亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝比色法,抗氧化活性测定采用体外DPPH·自由基清除法。结果表明: 不同产地银露梅品质存在显著差异,单宁含量为4.95%~7.74%; 黄酮含量为1.07%~3.56%,其中青海互助产银露梅叶中的单宁、黄酮含量均最高,分别达7.74%和3.56%; 贺兰山产银露梅叶的抗氧化能力最强,其DPPHIC50值为6.9 μg·mL-1; 灰色关联度分析显示影响单宁含量的主导因子是年极端最低温度、无霜期和年极端最高温度; 影响黄酮含量的主导因子是年日照、年极端最低温度和年积温; 影响抗氧化活性的主导因子是年日照、年均降雨量和年极端最低温度。
To reveal suitable ecological zones and habitat characteristics about the growth of Potentilla glabra and to provide evidences for developing fully and protecting reasonably wild medical P. glabra resource we investigated and determined the major climatic factors that affect P. glabra production. P. glabra leaves collected from different sample plots were used for measuring the tannin, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity. The response surface method was applied to optimize the extraction process of tannin and total flavonoids from P. glabra leaves with one-factor experimental design. The tannin content was determined with sodium tungstate-phosphomolybdic acid approach, the content of total flavonoids was determined with NaNO2-Al(NO3)3 approach, and the antioxidant activity was determined with the DPPH· method. The relationship between variation in the parameters in six different sampling sites and the corresponding major climatic factors was analyzed with gray correlation degree analysis. The result showed that the quality of P. glabra was significantly different in terms of the parameters among the six different regions. Tannin content ranged from 4.95% to 7.74%, total flavonoids content ranged from 1.07% to 3.56%. P. glabra from Huzhu region had the highest tannins and flavonoids product, respectively 7.74% and 3.56%, while P. glabra in Helan mountains had the strongest antioxidant activity and the value of DPPHIC50 was 6.9 μg·mL-1; Grey correlation degrees analysis indicated that the annual extreme minimum temperature, frost free periods and the annual extreme maximum temperature were the main climatic factors affecting tannin content; Annual sunshine, the annual extreme minimum temperature and annual accumulated temperature were the major climatic factors influencing total flavonoids content, and annual sunshine, annual mean rainfall and the annual extreme minimum temperature were the major factors for regulating antioxidant activity.
全 文 :!!"
" !
"
#
# $ % #
$
"
%
& ( )
&()*+(, &(-.,) &(*(,)
./01!"!*/1"
,234!# $ % #
*+,#
" #$%% 5$; 5#6#
-.,#
" #$%# 5$= 5$"$
/012
"
34&o÷Ô(>;1
#$$;$!$$!($
"b|}u,2p
$
hÛÄÁÆERmpVµ÷¡
Ìy¸F[ðO>DRd
"
H
<
I
<
DJK
<
LMN
<
OPQ
W®&(8±)&)@
<
_E
A%#%$$(
!
<
"
! <
uy^ü6hÛÄÁÆERmpVµ÷[¯Ìy¸F
!
q,hÛª[9FÃGe/-
a
!
uRJLne1a¼öFhÛnlTÜ`é
$
nðO>DéRd>?
6
¶£q`F
hÛÄ=ûr
)
PGkl3ÜmpVµ÷¡Ìy¸F[0>÷
$
Zû¸s/¹Q
!
n6me²u6V
hÛÄûr
)
PG[ÜÝO
$
ûrklfgnHïI
5
?Jï{Ou
!
PGklfgnKLïI
5
Lï
ÃOu
!
mpVµ÷fgn3Ü
9cca-
æ/ÑÎu
$
vwxy
"
£q`hÛöZ{|óõ
!
ûrk
lu
!1;7b @A1A!b#
PGklu
%1$Ab @=176b!
§=dsM=`hÛÄ=[ûr
)
PGklz4}
!
Rá
A1A!b
e
=176b#
N=Ý`hÛÄ[mpV 4U
!
§
9cca
(7$
àu
61;
,
3-?-
5%
#
ðO>DéRd{,ü6
ûrkl[¯¸F®$ÖO4Íé
)
P#e$ÖO4}Íé
#
ü6PGkl[¯¸F®$,í
)
$ÖO4
Íée$³Í
#
ü6mpVµ÷[¯¸F®$,í
)
$z
le$ÖO4Íé
$
#$%
" <
hÛ
#
ÁÆER
#
mpVµ÷
#
Ìy¸F
#
ðO>Dé
&()*
! &A"71%<<<
+,-./
! ,<<<
+01*
! %$$% 5A!""##$%#$$" 5$$#7 5$6
U%$; R%%$,"#.-0-",;/./9$#<$$-T".-R,.1"#.)L")#%/"-40)#.A$
R1B(-4/! 0-#.M.4"-#0)#.A.#; *,$1*1.#" 0#"6+" Y$"A$/
-I2 WNI
UO/YISNNYISNG>NPQ/OSNYN0/UIG3Q20TEGS UO/MN>MIG3ONEP/GEV0TLI0S ?NSI>E0@;57->+- ONP/2O>NLNIGYNPMI3EMNS EGS
SNMNO?IGNS MCN?EF/O>0I?EMI>QE>M/OPMCEMEQN>M@;57->+- UO/S2>MI/G4@;57->+- 0NEYNP>/0N>MNS QO/?SIQNONGMPE?U0N
U0/MPLNON2PNS Q/O?NEP2OIG3MCNMEGGIG! M/ME0Q0EY/G/ISP>/GMNGMEGS EGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMT4+CNONPU/GPNP2OQE>N?NMC/S
LEPEUU0INS M//UMI?I[NMCNNRMOE>MI/G UO/>NPP/QMEGGIG EGS M/ME0Q0EY/G/ISPQO/?@;57->+- 0NEYNPLIMC /GNXQE>M/O
NRUNOI?NGME0SNPI3G4+CNMEGGIG >/GMNGMLEPSNMNO?IGNS LIMC P/SI2?M2G3PMEMNXUC/PUC/?/0TVSI>E>IS EUUO/E>C! MCN
>/GMNGM/QM/ME0Q0EY/G/ISPLEPSNMNO?IGNS LIMC *E*h
#
X,0*h
=
(
=
EUUO/E>C! EGS MCNEGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMTLEPSNMNO?IGNS
LIMC MCN9cca- ?NMC/S4+CNON0EMI/GPCIU VNMLNNG YEOIEMI/G IG MCNUEOE?NMNOPIG PIRSIQNONGMPE?U0IG3PIMNPEGS MCN
>/ONPU/GSIG3?EF/O>0I?EMI>QE>M/OPLEPEGE0T[NS LIMC 3OET>/ON0EMI/G SN3ONNEGE0TPIP4+CNONP20MPC/LNS MCEMMCNJ2E0IMT
/Q@;57->+- LEPPI3GIQI>EGM0TSIQNONGMIG MNO?P/QMCNUEOE?NMNOPE?/G3MCNPIRSIQNONGMON3I/GP4+EGGIG >/GMNGMOEG3NS
QO/?!1;7b M/A1A!b! M/ME0Q0EY/G/ISP>/GMNGMOEG3NS QO/?%1$Ab M/=176b4@;57->+- QO/?a2[C2 ON3I/G CES MCN
CI3CNPMMEGGIGPEGS Q0EY/G/ISPUO/S2>M! ONPUN>MIYN0TA1A!b EGS =176b! LCI0N@;57->+- IG aN0EG ?/2GMEIGPCES MCN
PMO/G3NPMEGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMTEGS MCNYE02N/Q9cca
(7$
LEP61;
,
3-?-
5%
# O`NT>/ON0EMI/G SN3ONNPEGE0TPIPIGSI>EMNS MCEM
MCNEGG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2?MN?UNOEM2ON! QO/PMQONNUNOI/SPEGS MCNEGG2E0NRMON?N?ERI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONLNONMCN?EIG
>0I?EMI>QE>M/OPEQN>MIG3MEGGIG >/GMNGM# ,GG2E0P2GPCIGN! MCNEGG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2? MN?UNOEM2ONEGS EGG2E0
E>>2?20EMNS MN?UNOEM2ONLNONMCN?EF/O>0I?EMI>QE>M/OPIGQ02NG>IG3M/ME0Q0EY/G/ISP>/GMNGM! EGS EGG2E0P2GPCIGN! EGG2E0
?NEG OEIGQE0EGS MCNEGG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONLNONMCN?EF/OQE>M/OPQ/OON320EMIG3EGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMT4
:$; <%4/" <@($"$%7- 57->+-# E>MIYIMT>/?U/2GSP# EGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMT# >0I?EMI>QE>M/O# 3ONT>/ON0EMI/G SN3ONN
& ( )
!"
"
<
<<
ndå¾ölT[6Q=»[`leö
lÁþg÷[2n
PRxÎ
! #$$7(!
¾ölTÁ
`¦µ-gxÐ[Z
!
>£®ÿ¸s
!
®¯
°µg([÷
!
?S§=ðµ¶÷<¦¹
Q
!
³õ/g
PRxÎ
! #$$A#
ësTÎ
! #$$A#
UVÎ
! #$$A#
WbèÎ
! #$$A($
,©Z¾Ty^
[ðÜ
!
»ö[6QÝþ~§õ/¸F[
6m
$
¸Æ
!
Ü}=»[`leö
!
µt²
a6ö
)
}`
)
më[6H¾
!
[µt²?
>?øF=»`l
)
ö[ü6
!
^
g»9Fª[Gª
hXÎ
! #$$A($
hÛ
@($"$%7- 57->+-(
u¹3}YGäÐ
÷DÄZ
!
¢[DW\]^
)
³8
5
<,_`!
)
hÏ
!
®B[FndålT
=3()@
=3dåÐabc<5
!%;"7($
hÛÁÆ
ERuûrePG$V1å
!
sÄÔ^Ädn
!
W
)
Äç
!
e´×
!
÷f
!
ÁagVÆ
)
Ñh8Í
)
aÌ)Y
)
i1Q
)
jCºk
)
»lÇmn¿Ä
ÆÎ
orÎ
! #$$!($
2ðhÛ[>?}
=Zå)-÷
=3()@=3dåÐabc<
5
! %;"7 ()
Ñp
qíc
! #$$=#
bäà
!
#$$A()
L÷ERfg
orÎ
! #$$!(
Ît²
!
>
hÛµ÷ER¡Ìy¸F[0>÷>?@AB
C
$
ScmnÃ)
)
hÉ)tu>?Þ
6
¶`
hÛÄ[ÁÆERkl§3ÜmpVµ÷[ó
õ
!
,^Rd§¡Ìy¸F¿ô[>g
!
y^ðPÌ
y¸FÕ¯2n
!
§>?vwab}öF
nhÛ[`STÁB¡
!
quJL
nPFdålTZr]=En¾;1n
Ü`a-é
$
%<
»¼¡tu
=D=>
°
8és<>?R[«
!
ZÇÈ*}hÛ
Rül¼e¹t[/¹Q
!
ÍRd-u^
g>?GªRu¯Ùvyw©Ø¼öG
)
¯Ùr¯Dx´+j
)
¯ÙyDéDÝz
+{
)
¯ÙBDÓÝ
)
½£)»GN=ÝA`
¶Ôx÷Rü
G
$
Z¶Gª½
!
nÔx÷u
_¦
!
#$$"(
aÝäÐ
$
äÐÀÁ-a
"
h
ÛuZoZ
!
©é
"$b
Q
!
Zµ°
#$ @=$
$
(#
ªºýHI
!
y{
ë
!
NuwÅÎ
$
Z¶äнà
=
¶
=$ ?e=$ ?
[t
!
Z¶
=$ ?e=$ ?
[t½
à
=
¶
%$ ?e%$ ?
[ät
!
Zät½wï
Ý
%$
¶C
!
å§zýÝ12uµ¶
$
¶
=$ ?e=$ ?
[tº<
=
¶
!
û
É
;
¶
!6
¶Gª
(
º<
7!
Y
!
}w
!
¼
$
u^¼*#[µ°
!
ÝO2~
#$%$
$
"
%
##
,?
;
%
%$
,E
$
YÍté
stAx
%$
2
=>
Ng±²³´
?"9@=>8.*$%$-#5$5%"B2; */.M /"1B,$B,#/
&E?U0N
té
-EMIM2SN*(
Íé
-/G3IM2SN)(
st
)0NYEMI/Gd?
w©Ø
*I2VNI0IEG3 ==\7%1!=!] %$"\!A1#=7] # "A$
x
a2/SIMEG3 ==\#71677] %$"\#71!A%] % =;;
éDÝ
+EIVEIKM4 =!\#1%!] %$A\!6] # "76
ÓÝ
:IVEIKM4 ==\=!]7A^ %$6\#!]7!^ # 7"$
M=WÝ
a2[C2 */OMCNOG KM4
=6\771"$A] %$#\#%1%!;] # ;=$
N=Ý
aN0EG KM4 ="\7$16"!] %$7\761!#;] = %$#
=DE>
%1#1%<
*+STUVWX
<
éDÝhÛÄu
»¼
!
Zû¸s/¹Q
!
;1ËY¸s
hÛÄûr
)
PG<][ü6
!
4~^g
!
¶
¸s
$
ZÆ/¹Q
!
8é
8/RX8NCGZNG
=÷¤1à
É·a
)
àÉ6me²ÜÝOîÔ6V
!
^
g46ÜÝO
µBÎ
! #$$"($
Í
9NPI3GX
)RUNOM
øùRd
!
^gÜÝOu
"
Ãéu
;$b!
ÜÝÍéu
"$ _!
ÜÝôu
# C!
ÜÝÕ
u
=
!
A¼u
%s#$$
%1#1#<
*+STUVWX
<
Ý£q`Y
7 $$$ ?3-(!
í
%1#1%
ÜÝOîÔÜÝ
)
^
!
åAFg²?
#7$ ?->(!
]n
$
%1#1=<
;YIJVZ[\]^
<
ûrklfg
nHïI
5
?Jï{Ou
dÎ
! #$$;(!
ãä
eH[.It¼
X
%
i;#1!#;Y
%
p$1$A$ %X
%
uK0
é
# Y
%
u û r ã ä ó A [ é
!
û r
"
?3-?-
5%
!?
#
i$1;;; !$
ä^ãÝùfÜÝA
%1$ ?-
~
%$ ?-
²
l=
!
n
g²?é
$
ä^ãÝPA
% ?-
~
#7 ?-
²l=
!
ç
% ?-
[
gX9
{O
e
7 ?-
[
% ?/0--
5%
[¶ïIóA
!
n
g
²?é
$
ºÍ
=$ ?IG
!
Z+ª
A#$ G?
fgK0é
$
nóD2u#
$
ûrRkl
[ÉÊâu
"
ûrRkl
Z( H#7$ [
>
-
[,
%
[%$$!%(
â=
" -i7 $$$1$ ?3# >i#7$ ?-# ,
%
óA
6#
"
# h
<
Î
"
hÛÄÁÆERmpVµ÷¡Ìy¸F[ðO>DRd
é
( i
X
%
5$1$A$ %
;#1!#;
!
ûr
" ?3-?-
5%
# #7$
uó
AOBÕ
$
%1#1!<
_`IJVZ[\]^
<
PGklfg
nKLïI
5
LïÃOu
3Î
! #$$"(!
ã
äeH[.It¼
X
#
i%=1$6AY
#
p$1$=6AX
#
uK
0é
# Y
#
uó
ãäóA[é
!
ûr
" ?3-?-
5%
!
?
#
i$1;;; 6$
ä^ãÝùfÜÝA
%1$ ?-
~
#7 ?-
²
l=
!
ç
7b
[KLïIóA
$1= ?-!
6 ?IG!
þç
%$b
[LïÃóA
$1= ?-!
6 ?IG!
4ç
% ?/0--
5%
[pVIóA
! ?-!
n
A$b
[ÃóAg²¦é
!
=$ ?IG
!
Z+
ªu
7%$ G?
fgK0é
$
óD2u#
$
P
GRkl[ÉÊâu
"
PGRkl
Z( H#7 [
>
-
[,
#
[%$$! #(
â=
" -i7 $$$1$ ?3# >i#7$ ?-# ,
#
óA
é
( i
X
#
5$1$=6 A
%=1$6A
!
ûr
" ?3-?-
5%
# #7
uó
AOBÕ
$
%1#17<
ST)abcde9:VZ[
<9cca
(7$
®É
9cca-
æ/[ÑÎ]á¦
7$b
A«[
PóA[é
!9cca
(7$
à[±äòûÞÜÝ
åmpV [Uè
!
6p:0>>g
!
nS2u
±lmpV [Éã
$ 9cca-
u®nuv
<<
mpVmpVµ÷[µ¾ÖÈ
òmôM
#$
?IG()
k
)
vqÔ[tu
8OEGSXWI0IE?P$-7;!
%;;7($
S>?n3Ü
9cca-
æ/ÑÎufg
£q`hÛÄÜÝå[mpV
h|
Î
! #$$7#
3ÙÎ
! #$$!($
fRn
å
.
)
Ðs
)
ó
Y`hÛÄÜÝå]E
A«é
!
Z
7%A G?
!
fg£qé
# ?-
9cca# ?-
[K0é
1
I
!
£qé
# ?-
# ?-
[K0é
1
F
!
# ?-
9cca# ?-
[
K0é
1
/
$
íRf
%= @%A
¶é
!
2uóD
$
9cca-
æ/[ÑÎ
&,(
[âx,u
"
&,b( i+% 51
I
51
F
(d1
/
, e%$$$ =(
%1#16<
fg<=\hijklmMVKLeVM
N56
<%(
Ìyl¼[ºÝ
<
¶ðN0>>?
!
^gü6hÛÁÆERmpVµ÷÷4±
[2ãÌy¸F
!
BCéY`4n[Ìyif
jC
).
=3lTÕéû
5
ÌylTÕéû
/
e
.
=35ÍãL·hÉÕéû
/#$$6*#$%$
$
6
¶£q`²ÌRÕéÉÊA<Ìy¸Fe/¹
aÊË!Õé
åt
(
Õé
!
[;
¶Éã
"
$zÍ
)%
%zÍ
)A
%zÍ
)
$³Í
)
$Ö
O4}Íé
)
$ÖO4Íé
)
Ql
)
,íÕ
)
P#
$
/¹aÊËÕéû®%3
%s%$$
â![
lÕéû
$
¡ÌRÕéSTAx
#$
2
E>
gµ¶x·O
?"9@E>&"1B,$"-4),.1"#.)4"#" /(%)$/
&E?U0N
ÌyÕéST
0I?EMI>SEMEP/2O>NP
w©Ø
*I2VNI0IEG3
¯Ùw©Ø34ª¼öGǼöj
2`EG3C2/FINUO/MN>MI/G PMEMI/G! *I2VNI0IEG3GEMI/GE0GEM2ON
ONPNOYN/Q&CEGRIcO/YIG>N
x
a2/SIMEG3
vyxt&Ãghgr>?j
a2/SIMEG3Q/ONPMN>/XPTPMN?ONPNEO>C PMEMI/G IG BIG0IG3KM4
éDÝ
+EIVEIKM4
=3lTÕéû
5
ÌylTÕéû
CIGNPNGEM2OE0ONP/2O>NPSEMEVEPN5>0I?EMNONP/2O>NPSEMEVEPN
ÓÝ
:IVEIKM4
¯ÙBDÒÇ>&8T(
+N>CG/0/3TSNUEOM?NGM/Q-I2QNG332EG Q/ONPMQEO?!gNG3/2GMT! &CEGRIcO/YIG>N
M=WÝ
a2[C2 */OMCNOG KM4
dsÙM=DWÝ&
*/OMCNOG KM4Q/ONPMQEO?IG a2[C2 /2GMT! BIG3CEIcO/YIG>N
N=Ý
aN0EG KM4
=35ÍãL·hÉÕéû
CIGNPNP/>IE0EGS N>/G/?I>SNYN0/U?NGMPMEMIPMI>E0SEMEVEPN
<<#(
Õéa
<
mn
&c&& %"1$
YÌy¸
F
)
ÁÆERkl¡
9cca
(7$
àîÔtóRd
-&9
ô
@k$1$7(!
_mn
9c& #$$$
øùRî
ÔÌy¸F¡hÛÄÁÆERkl¿ô[ðO>
DRdÌy¸F¡hÛÄÜÝåmpVµ÷
¿ô[ðO>DRd
$
#<
vw¡Rd
ED=>
¸¹|ºµ»56
#$$6*#$%$
$[Ìyl¼hÉvw{,
x
=(!
YôÌyVùóõy{
!
$zÍ0ó
71;# _!%
%zÍ0ó
%#1%" _!A
%zÍ0ó
%;16! _!
$³Í0ó
% 6A!1A _!
P#0ó
""1#
!
$ÖO4}Íé0ó
#61#! _!
$ÖO4Íé
0ó
!71= _!
$,íÕ0ó
% ;!61"" C!
$z
l0ó
;%71;! ??$
¿ô0MU:QÅ-C
"
w©ØÍé
9=Â
!
P#4ª>,íÕU×
#
x
A
%zÍ4}
!
l4Â
!
$,íÕ4×
!
P#
Uv
#
éDÝ$³Í4}
)
$ÖO4}Íé4}
!A
A#
& ( )
!"
"
<
%zÍU
!
P#7ª
!
l$,íÕ9
=
#
ÓÝ$zÍ4}
!
Íéà3Q=Î7}
!
lU×
!
$,íÕ=Î
!
P#7ª
#
M=WÝÍ
é4
!
l7×
!
$,íÕUª
!
P#4v
#
N=Ý
%
%zÍU
!A
%zÍU}
!
$³ÍU}
!
$ÖO4}ÍéU}
!
$ÖO4Íé4
!
l4×
!
ì}Í×Ìy
!
,íÕ4ª
!
P#
Uv
$
2
C>
Ngµ»¼½
!
?"9@C>R,.1"#.)*")#%/.-4.*$%$-#/"1B,$B,#/
12
(MN?
w©Ø
*I2VNI0IEG3
x
a2/SIMEG3
éDÝ
+EIVEIKM4
ÓÝ
:IVEIKM4
M=WÝ
a2[C2 */OMCNOG KM4
N=Ý
aN0EG KM4
$zÍ
,GG2E0?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ %%166 8 "1!" ,8 %%1=$ 8 %%1"! 71;# , ;17$ 8
%
%zÍ
HEG2EOT?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ 5#1#" 5=1## 5#1$6 5#1%" 5%!1#! , 5%$16$ 8
A
%zÍ
H20T?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ =$1"$ 8 ="1=$ #A1$" 8 =%1%$ 8 %"166 , =%1A! 8
$³Í
(
%$ _(,>>2?20EMNS MN?UNOEM2ONd_ = %"%1!" 8 # ;$%1!$ 8 = "$=1"$ = 7;71"$ # %#;1%$ , = A!"1=6
$ÖO4}Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?ERI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
!%1$! 8 =;1;! 8 !!1;! 8 !#1!! 8 %"1A$ , !=166 8
$ÖO4Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
%71!# 8 5%61!" 8 5##17! ,8 5#71A$ , 5%#1=" 5#;1"" ,
$z
Ql
,GG2E0?NEG OEIGQE0d?? A=71"! 9 %$=$1$$ ) 6#61!$ 77A1!! 8 !;%1=$ 8 %%!1$6 ,
$,í
,GG2E0P2GPCIGNC/2OPdC % A%=17! 8 % #!;1A$ , # %;!1%# # %=#1"! # #;71;" = %;617" 9
P#
gO/PMQONNUNOI/SPdS #%61#$ 9 %A61$$ 8 #$#16$ 9 %;$1$$ 8 %#"1$$, %!%1"$ ,
<<
! x=ÕézuPG
#$$6*#$%$
$ifvwåzà
!
Õ*[*+x,
-&9
ÂBU{|÷vw
!@k$1$7$ +CNSEMEPIG MCNMEV0N
PC/LMCN?NEG /Q/VPNOYEMI/GPQO/?#$$6 M/#$%$ IG MCNON3I/G! MCN0NMNOPQ/0/LNS MCNG2?VNOIGSI>EMNPI3GIQI>EGMONP20MP/Q-&9?20MIU0N>/?UEOIP/GP!
@k$1$74
q
+CNPE?NVN0/L4
EDE>
<=¾g¿ÀÁÂDÃÄÅ(9;ÆÇÈ
G§É\DJÊ
æx
!
!
qµåy#£q/hÛÄ=
ÁÆERkl3ÜmpVµ÷óõ{|
!
§=
!
M
=WÝhÛÄ=[ûr
)
PGklz4}
!
Rá
A1A!b
e
=1#Ab!
§3ÜmpVµ÷4è
#
N=Ý
hÛÄ=[ûr
)
PGklRu
!1"6b
e
=1#Ab!
|~M=WÝ
!
>§3ÜmpVµ÷4U
$
æÆ
!#
¶`G[ûrePG_£%ÀÁm
pVµ÷
!
®hÛÄ=ÀÁmpVµ÷[ûr
ePGZN=Ý`GklU}
$
¸Æ
!
Zuvnd
åöÎËÁÆERklÜ
!
§mpVµ÷Á®
µ¶B¸s
$
[Ü
!
x
!
?C@
!
Svy[
!
¶`
!
w©Ø
)
x
)
éDÝeÓÝ
!
§ûr[
klu
71$$b @71;Ab!
`~N=Ý¡M=WÝ¿
ô
!
¿óõ£{|
#
PG[klu
%1$"b @#1=#b!
~N=Ý
!
¿óõ{|
#
bmpVµ÷C
!
§mp
V Uè
!
§=x`G4è
9cca
(7$
u
%=1;!(!
>§
=
¶`GâU~M=WÝ
!
¿x
`GmpV ¡§
=
¶`Góõ{|
$
2
Q>
<=¾g¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ(9;ÆÇÈG§É\DJÊ(
?"9@Q>Z",($*8++K
NRPF
"-4)-)$-#%"#.-*")#.A.#; )1B(-4/*,70#"6+" ,$"A$/.-4.*$%$-#/"1B,$B,#/
12
(MN?
w©Ø
*I2VNI0IEG3
x
a2/SIMEG3
éDÝ
+EIVEIKM4
ÓÝ
:IVEIKM4
M=WÝ
a2[C2 */OMCNOG KM4
N=Ý
aN0EG KM4
ûr
+EGGIGPb( 71A6 , 71;# , 71;A , 71$$ , A1A! 8 !1"6 ,
PG
g0EY/G/ISPb( %1A" 8 #1#; #1=# %1$" , =176 ) =1#A 9
9cca
(7$
d
,
3-?0
5%
(
;1A# 8 %=1;! 9 %$167 8 %$1A$ 8 %#17# 9 61;$ ,
EDC>
µ»¼½¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ(9;D#(
bx
7
C@
!
YÌy¸F¡hÛÄÁÆE
Rkl¿ôðO>DéZ
$17"6 6 @$1"6! A!
xy
AaYÌy¸F¡hÛÄÁÆER1Eµ³Dg
èÂ
$
§=¡ûrklðO>Dé4±[Ìy¸F
u$ÖO4Íé
)
P#
)
$ÖO4}Íé
!
§ð
O>DéRá
$1"6! A!$1A;$ A
e
$1A7# 6$
¡P
GklðO>Dé4±[Ìy¸Fu$,íÕ
)
$ÖO4Íé
)
$³Í
!
§ðO>DéRá
$1A"# ;!$1A%; =
e
$1A$# %!
æÆxyÍéZhÛ
Äûr
)
PG[1E³µ=ÕÞB2n
!
§=$
ÖO4Íé®ü6§³µ[q¸F
!
¿Í[
ü6{|±~}Í
$
$,íÕ¡PGkl[ð
O>Dé4±
!
ndå3½Áwå[7EeïV
Á~012n
!
,íôòûÞdåì&º<0
[l
!
hÛì0då
=3()@=3då
Ðabc<5
! %;"7(!
§ªL«Á¤[0
"#
"
# h
<
Î
"
hÛÄÁÆERmpVµ÷¡Ìy¸F[ðO>DRd
2
P>
µ»¼½¿ÀÁÂÃÄÅ(9;DËÌ#Í
?"9@P>U%$; )%%$,"#.-4$5%$$/9$#<$$-),.1"#.)*")#%/
"-4)-)$-#%"#.-*")#.A.#; )-/#.#($-#/*
,70#"6+" ,$"A$/
Ìy¸F
0I?EMI>QE>M/OP
ûr
+EGGIGP
PG
g0EY/G/ISP
$zÍ
,GG2E0?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $1A#; A $16#= A
%
%zÍ
HEG2EOT?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $1A#6 6 $1777 #
A
%zÍ
H20T?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $16=; # $16$! ;
$³Í
(
%$ _(
)QN>MIYNE>>2?20EMNS MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$1A#7 $ $1A$# %
P#
gO/PMQONNUNOI/SPdS $1A;$ A $17"6 6
$ÖO4}Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?ERI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$1A7# 6 $167$ !
$ÖO4Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$1"6! A $1A%; =
$,í
,GG2E0P2GPCIGNC/2OPdC $167% ! $1A"# ;
$z
l
,GG2E0?NEG OEIGQE0d?? $16;% A $17;6 =
!
Zª#½
!
wåö1E³µ¡,í:¨
!
,
íÕª
!
012nU
!
Áwå[1Eµ³U
!
b
PG[³µ
$
P#udååïðEå
ö[³µ#,Õ
!
x,dåª#[ªv
!
®ü6
ûr1E[B¸F
$
ÎÆ¿Ü
!
hÛûr
)
PG
[³µ?¡$ÖO4}Íé
)
$³ÍÁ>
$
EDQ>
µ»¼½¿ÀÁÂÎ[ÈG§É\D
#\(
bx
6
C@
!
YÌy¸F¡hÛÄ
9cca
(7$
à¿ô[ðO>DéZ
$16#= " @$1A6! A!
xyAaYÌy¸F¡hÛÄÜÝå[mpVµ
÷>gèÂ
$
§ü6STu
"
$,í
n
$z
l
n
$ÖO4Íé
n
$ÖO4}Íé
n%
%z
Í
nA
%zÍ
n
$³Í
n
P#
n
$zÍ
!
A0
)
Q
)
Í1¸sqü6hÛÄÜÝå[mpVµ
÷
$
N=ÝhÛÄmpVµ÷4U
!
¡P
G$,íÕª
)
l×
)
Íó±Î-[Ìy¸
FÁ>
$
$z
l~
9cca
(7$
[ðO>Dé£
2
X>
µ»¼½¿ÀÁÂÎ[ÈG§É\DËÌ#Í
?"9@X>U%$; )%%$,"#.-4$5%$$/9$#<$$-),.1"#.)*")#%/
"-4"-#.M.4"-#")#.A.#; *,70#"6+" ,$"A$/[$M#%")#/
Ìy¸F
0I?EMI>QE>M/OP
9cca
(7$
$zÍ
,GG2E0?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $16#= "
%
%zÍ
HEG2EOT?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $1677 A
A
%zÍ
H20T?NEG MN?UNOEM2ONd_ $1677 7
$³Í
(
%$ _(
)QN>MIYNE>>2?20EMNS MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$167= 7
P#
gO/PMQONNUNOI/SPdS $16#" ;
$ÖO4}Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?ERI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$1676 $
$ÖO4Íé
,GG2E0NRMON?N?IGI?2?MN?UNOEM2ONd_
$16A" =
$,í
,GG2E0P2GPCIGNC/2OPdC $1A6! A
$z
l
,GG2E0?NEG OEIGQE0d?? $1A%! !
Å0í
!
®¸uhÛ0
!
K*¤[0
!
d`ªI
!
YÜ}§Ä=mpV2n[å
öµ³1EÈ]
!
¸Æ
!
$,í
9cca
(7$
[ü64
±
$
A>?[hÛ
6
¶`Gä
!
{0íVù
µg
!
QR[_£µgUhÛÄ[m
pVµ÷
!
Á£µgÜ}ÁÆERkl
$
=<
v-¡.-
ðO>D®ÉÐå[£^g>D
!
®µ¾g
hÿÃ^¼L·Ã#[glURd8T
!
ÿg
h½Y¸Fô[>DgÕeðO>Dé[±ä2u
é
!
,^Rdgh=Ôu¸F¡0>Ôu¸F
>g[è¼éS^g¸se¸s
!
9n
~XRÊËS
)
XRÊË@[£^g÷gh
$
=»¡õ/[>gì£^g>D
!
Scnð
O>DRdtu
!
~ÌyøF2uF¸s
!
åh
Û»[ÁÆERkl¡3ÜmpVµ÷³u+
¸s
!
b=ahÛÁÆERklmpVµ
÷ü64±[Ìy¸F
!
#gyhÛÁÆER
[³µmpV 0í
)
Íé
)
QRÎÌyVù
[Z
!
b>?vwSC/SYòmi¹â
f
hpEÎ
! %;;6#
ì&Î
! #$$6#
Î
!
#$%$# DNC $-7;! #$$!($
S>?vw={,
"6
¶`G§Vùóõ
{|
!
§Íé
)
0í
)
QRÎÌy¸F[£q
!
¸þ
gÞY`GhÛÄ=[ûr
)
àPG[kl§
3ÜmpVµ÷[óõ÷
$ %(
$ÖO4Íé
)
P#
)
$ÖO4}Íé®ü6ûrkl[¯¸F
!
§=$ÖO4Íé®B¸F
!
{Íé~d`
A\[4Íé
!
5Edå[nëQR
!
V
1å[1E³µÁ»5
ñ?È
dí
!
#$$#($
N=Ý$ÖO4Íéá
5#;1"" _!
Íé
^
!
ü6Þûr[³µ
!
§kl4
!
|u
!1"6b$
,íÕª
)
l×Á®¡]hÛ=
ûrkl[B¸s
!
¿¡ûrkl:0>
$
d
sM=WÝ$ÖO4Íé
)
$,íe
9=
!
Ì
yVùÁ~hÛÄ=ûrkl[³µ
!
¸Æ
!
P
`Gûrkl}
$ #(
$,íÕ
)
$ÖO4Í
é
)
$³Í®ü6PGkl[¯¸F
!
§=$,í
ÕuB¸F
$
$zÍ^}PG[³µ£
!
ÓÝ`G$zÍ&n
%# _!
¯°PGkl
!
$zÍZ
6 _
/0[M=WÝ¡
%$ _
/0[N=
ÝhÛPGklU}
!
æÆåu$zÍ
6 @
%$ _
®hÛÄPGkl}[9FÍéVù
!
>~
¬µvwÁù~îµ=>?
$
,íÕ
)
l
;#
& ( )
!"
"
<
PGkl[ü6¡ûrµ°
!
>ü6¼é£W0q
!
PGkl}[`ûrkl£µg}
$
N=Ý
%
%
zÍ
)A
%zÍ
)
$³Í
)
$ÖO4}Íé
)
P#z
}~M=WÝ
!
>§,íÕ^ª
)
l7×
!
P
G[³µ\¦ü6
!
¯°PGkl~M=WÝ
!
`
!
#
r
!
[Ü
!
ZLQN=Ý[hÛÄ;U
ä
!
=Q=½¢"
!
wR
!
:û£
!
æ~PGs
tU}
= %$# ?!
}~M=[
# ;=$ ?(!
\ܤ¥
[Ué±
!
¿PG,íÕ^ª
)
l7×
)
EÍé^}A°
!
Á¡´[¦¯¸sÁ>
$
=(
mpV®ughÛö£¥³[Éã
$
$
,í
)
$z
l
)
$ÖO4Íé®ü6mpVµ
÷[¯¸F
!
$,í®B¸F
$
N=Ý`G
9cca
(7$
à4ä
61;$
,
3-?-
5%
(!
hÛÄmpV
4U
!
¬¡N=Ý$,íÕª
)
l×ÎÌ
y¸FÁ>
!
{Á¡§?øF[;12nÁ
>
$
,íÕª
)
l×Á~mpVµ÷[Ü
}
!
¬¡§hÛÄ=ûr
)
àPGklü6vw
0ò
!
,íÕª
)
l×Á~mpµ÷[Ü}
§ûr
)
PGkl[µ³Á¡]2n
!
¸Æ
!
N=
Ý[hÛmpVµ÷U
!
ûr
)
PG[kl
!
M=WÝ[hÛmpVµ÷è
!
ûr
)
PGkl
}
$ !(
»Sc>?Gªä
!
bÁÆERkl¡m
pV
#
¶Éã;1SC
!
r~vy[
!
¶`
!
w©Ø
)
x
)
éDÝeÓÝ`GhÛö=
Î
!
ÊÁy{[6Q
!
¬µCuhÛ[nÜ`
¯=
!
`=m8é£q[«ZSabhÛ»
$
Ìy¸F®ü6hÛÁÆERklmpV
µ÷[B¸s
$
Sc[µ>?vw
!
hÛ
[JLnÀÁµg[ɯ¡
!
Z¹â`=
!
m8éhÛÄûr
)
PG
)
mpV [À3«
ZSnPlT
!
õö<¦ûr
)
PGERkl}[
hÛ»mabÍéU
)
$,íÕ=Î7ª
)
l=Î7×
)
P#Uv[ÃG
!
ÅM=W
Ý
#
õö<¦mpVµ÷U[hÛ»mab$
,íÕª
!
l×
)
$ÖO4Íé[Ã
G
!
ÅN=Ý
$
[Ü
!
ZabhÛc/
!
q
mRˬP¸s
$
X Y + ,
ësT
!
ë3¨
!
µe
!
Î
4#$$A4
¦¯eõ/¸Fndå
ö[ü6
4
=Ú
! ="7(" A"7 5A""4
PRx
!
o=ñ
4#$$A4
õ/ÞßÔ#`å[³µC
»[7E
4
=3=ìÐ
! =#!(" #AA 5#"$4
PRx
!
©u
!
_
<
B
!
Î
4#$$74
ndå¾ölT>?[L
·
***
~÷¾ö[k
4
=3=ìÐ
! =$#$(" %767 5%76;4
<
!
Ø3ª
!
«(¬
!
Î
4#$%$4
G#ö¡¯Ìy¸F[ð
O>DéRd
4
Ã)B
! =$%$(" #76; 5#7A74
h
<
X
!
dç
!
Np&
!
Î
4#$$A4
»ö¡Ã¸F>g[>
?î·
4
Ò*()8T
5
=QÔV
! ;%(" 67 56;4
h|
!
}
<
q
!
7®
!
Î
4#$$74
Q+®¯M°±ð@1EP
GmpVµ÷
4
Wdå)B
! #7A(" %!#% 5%!#A4
hpE
!
²®}
!
¦
<
Ù
!
Î
4%;;64
³®Ý±´^þ3¾Ckùv
k¡õ/¸F[Â(Rd
4
dåÃ)B
! #$ !(" =="
5=!A4
o
<
r
!
<
K
!
<
µ
4#$$!4
DUhÛL÷V)ER>?
4
=±))B
"
()
! !$!(" 7" 56$4
U
<
V
!
wÐ0
!
dµ
!
Î
4#$$A4
n
#$
$³WG
,.aff
*9.(
¡Ìy¸F[>g
4
Ã)B
! #A"(" =%;" 5=#$74
qíc
4#$$=4
hÛ3Ñp
4
×Ø®±))B
! ="#(" #=% 5
#==4
3
!
¶y·
!
)Vs
4#$$"4
R00éufg¸ÜÚÜÝå=
àPG[kl
4
=3@
! %;%7(" %%67 5%%664
Wbè
!
h
<
¹
!
ºD»
!
Î
4#$$A4
ÕÛ
@%"$->&7-)(+:%#(
½ú
øé¡Ìy¸FhÉ0>[aw]
***
N=ÝGu
4
Ã)B
! #6=(" 6;A 5A$74
ì&
!
©i
!
Es~
!
Î
4#$$64
³F¼½ÐÕ½kù¾C
0M>g§¡Ìy¸s[ðO>DéRd
4
Ã()
! #7
6(" 7$A 57%%4
µB
!
P¾
!
Í,ý
!
Î
4#$$"4
6me²u6V¿ÄàPG[
ÜÝO>?
4
À()
! #;%%(" %;6 5#$$4
3Ù
!
$×Á
!
d2ñ
!
Î
4#$$!49cca-
uuv
=A
¾dåmpV
µ÷
4
ÂW®.±))B
! %6#(" % 5!4
_
<
¦
4#$$"4
Ã)
4#
4
WX
"
}Î@
4
dí
4#$$#4
dåa)
4%
4
WX
"
}Î@
4
d
!
õ
!
d
<
Ä
4#$$;4
R00éufgn°WwÄ=
[ûr
4
Rd¹º
! #"
(" %"$ 5%;$4
bäà
4#$$A4
,0ͺhÛž3B
4
®(8,
!
%$(" !" 5!;4
=3()@=3dåÐabc<5
4%;"74
=3dåÐ
!
=A
"
(4
WX
"
()@
!#!= 5#!;4
8OEGSXWI0IE?PW! 2YN0INOK)! 8NOPNM4%;;74tPN/QEQONNOESI>E0
?NMC/S M/NYE02EMNEGMI/RISEGME>MIYIMT4-W+Xg//S &>ING>NEGS
+N>CG/0/3T! #"%(" #7 5=$4
DNC D-! CNG +4#$$!4,UU0I>EMI/G /Q3ONT>/ON0EMI/G EGE0TPIPQ/O
NYE02EMIG3MCNEOMIQI>IE00EZNPIMNIG cIG3M2G3c0EIG! +EILEG4EG H
IYI0)G3! =%%(" 76 56!4
!
!"#$
<
PQR
"
$=