作 者 ：王笑山 马常耕 寇金堂 霍忠秀 鲁国林
期 刊 ：林业科学 1995年 31卷 2期 页码：116-124
Keywords:Larix kaempferi(LAMB.)CARR., Hedged types of ortets Cutting production, Rooting percentage,
摘 要 ：研究了日本落叶松采穗园母株高、中柱式,矮台式等3种整形修剪方式,产穗母枝留茬长度,采条时期等对母株生长、新枝萌发生长、穗条产量及插穗生根效果的影响。高、中柱式母株平均产条量显著大于矮台式。与2年生时相比,3年生母株插穗产量增加一倍以上,平均插穗产量分别达到284.6,209.8,135.5根/株。不同整形方式母株3—3.5年生木质化、半木质化插穗生根率无显著差异。用0.005%的IBA溶液处理后生根率可分别达到70.0-77.8%,87.7-90.0%。但高柱式母株上部(110cm—140cm)的插穗生根率显著低于下部(20cm以下),表现出明显的位置效应。从一级侧枝基部全部将其剪除不利于新枝萌发,将其重剪留4一5cm长的基段培养成产穗母校,新枝萌发生长良好。4月下旬至5月初(辽宁东部)母树针叶充分展叶时是水质化枝适宜的采条扦插期。
Abstract:One year old outstanding seedlings and seedlings of superior families of L.Kaempleri(LAMB.)CARR.were planted in a hedged orchard in a spacing of 60cm×50 cm.Ortets in the experimental area were hedged in threedifferent types:Low-sized table type,ortets were topped at the height of 20cm above ground and all lateral branches remained on the stems were truncated at the length of 4cm-5cm from the base;Middle-and long-sized cylindricality types,ortets were topped at the height of 70cm and 140cm respectively from the ground and branches remained on the stem were treated bythe same method mentioned above.Repeated topping was taken to keep theheight of ortets under control.Cuttings were collected twice a year.For the first time,3-4 shoots were cut off at the length of 1cm-1.5cm from the baseand the others were cut off at the base in the end of April for preparingwoody cuttings. Second collection was done in the late of June when newshoots grew more than 13cm long.3-4 shoots(preferred shoots less than 13cm)were remained on each truncated branch and allowed to continue growing.The other shoots were all cut off at the base for preparing semi-woodycuttings.Cutting production and its rooting ability were studied each year.Influence of truncated length of lateral branches on shoot sprout were alsoinvestigated. Growth response of ortets varied with hedging types.Comparedwith ortets of middle-sized cylindricality type and low-sized table type,thelong-sized cylindricality ortets were the biggest one in sizel and produced asmany as 284.6 cuttings in average each year when they were 3-year-old which is significantly higher than ortets of low-sized table type(135.5 cuttings)and middle-sized cylindricality type(209.8 cuttings).There were no significant differences in rooting ability among cuttings(both of woody and semi-woody cuttings)taken from ortets hedged in the different types.Rootingpercentage of woody cuttings was ranged 70.0-77.8% if cuttings were treated with 0.005% IBA. However rooting ability could be expected even betterfor semi-woody cuttings(87.7%-90.0%).For ortets with long-sized cylindricality type, rooting percentage of cuttings collected from branches close toground(0-20cm from ground)was significantly higher than that of cuttingscollected from the top of ortets(110-140 cm)which showed the positionaleffect. It was harmful for the occurrence of new shoots to cut off lateralbranches at the base,but large quantity of twigs came out on the remainedportion of branches as the branches were truncated at the length of 4-5 cmfrom the base.It was found that optimal period for collecting woody cuttings was the stage of development when the needles on the ortets fully extended in the late spring.
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