摘 要 ：研究中国沙棘(Hippophae rhamnoides Linn subsp.sinensts rousi)表皮毛,旨在澄清当前名称上的混乱,进一步探讨不同表皮毛的形态定义、类群间的演化关系,为沙棘属的分类、生态和系统演化提供依据。经光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察,中国沙棘有两类六群表皮毛:一类为螺状表皮毛,包括螺状星毛、螺状星盾毛和螺状盾毛;另一类为非螺状表皮毛,包括星毛、星盾毛和盾毛。在系统发育中,星毛经星盾毛演化为盾毛;非螺状表皮毛衍生为螺状表皮毛。故星毛、螺状星毛为祖征型;星盾毛、螺状星盾毛为演生型;盾毛、螺状眉毛为进化型。表皮毛在个体发育中,星毛、螺状星毛发生最早,星盾毛、螺状星盾毛次之,眉毛、螺状盾毛最后。沙棘表皮毛的主要功能是保护冬芽越冬。
Abstract:The study of downiness of Hippophae rhamnoides L. subsp. sinensis Rousi is intended to clarify the chaos of definitions of different downiness, approachs the morphology and evolutionary relationships among downiness groups which provides a reasonable basis for the toxonamy, ecology and system evolution of Hippophae. Observed under light microscope and scaning electron microscopes, two types and six groups of downiness of Hippophae rhamnoides subsp. sinensis are indentified. Tee first type is spiral downiness, including spiral stellate, spiral stellate-peltate and spiral peltate downiness groups; The second non-spiral downiness, including stellate, stellate-peltate and peltate downiness groups. In systematic development, stellate peltate downiness,derived from stellate downiness, developsinto peltate downiness, and spiral downiness are derived from non-spiral downiness. Therefore, stellate and spiral stellate downiness are primitive character type; stellatepeltate and spinal stellatepeltate downiness are derived type; peltate and spiral peltate downiness are evolutionary type. In ontogeny, stellate and spiral stellate downiness generate first, stellate-peltate and spird stellate and spiral stellate downiness second,and then peltate and piral peltate downiness. The main function of the downiness of Hippophae mainly is to protect the buds overwintering.