全 文 :!24" !1#
Vol.24 No.1
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
2016$ 1%
Jan. 2016
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2016.01.025
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ú û1,2,h x1,SuÑ2,üýi1,j"I2,)yy2,h¸É1,2
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78
:
nOÛ%s%ðìEDQNTHIJK
,
Dô8-
(犆狅狉狋犪犱犲狉犻犪狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’)63Mx^-
(犔狅犾犻狌犿犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿)1GTQN%ð§¥\¡¸t/0。Óù5d_,BJKTQN&×\i(NH+4N)»
`#ä0,ô8-Dci(Totalnitrogen,TN),Ö\i(NO-3N)6ð+3Á`(Chemicaloxygendemand,COD)A
õÝ
sé3Mx^-1G;3Mx^-1G&‘8s’6‘G’T%ð§¥
sé‘VdÃ’。Óù
20d_,BJKDTN,NH+4 -N,NO-3 -NTAõÝW90%jS,Dcj(Totalphosphorus,TP)6CODTAõ
ÝW79%659%jS;QSúí`Øíc`T50%jS,JrijÖ¹`ØcAõ`T80%jS。gh
ô8-
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:X52 ABCDE:A AFG@:10070435(2016)01018407
犘狌狉犻犳犻犮犪狋犻狅狀犃犫犻犾犻狋狔狅犳犇犻犳犳犲狉犲狀狋犌狉犪狊狊犲狊狋狅犈狌狋狉狅狆犺犻犮犠犪狋犲狉
犇狌狉犻狀犵狋犺犲犆狅犾犱犛犲犪狊狅狀
XUFang1,2,LIUMing1,ZONGJunqin2,NIUJiawei1,CHENJingbo2,LIDandan2,LIUJianxiu1,2
(1.ColegeofHorticulture,NanjingAgriculturalUniversity,Nanjing,JiangsuProvince210095,China;
2.InstituteofBotanyProvince&ChineseAcademyofScience,Nanjing,JiangsuProvince210014,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Inordertoscreenouttheproperplantmaterialsforthepurificationofeutrophicwaterincold
season,thenutrientuptakesandwaterpurificationabilitiesof犆狅狉狋犪犱犲狉犻犪狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’andthree犔狅
犾犻狌犿犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 (‘Tetragold’、‘Jumbo’、‘Maximus’)growingineutrophicwaterwerestudied.There
movalefficiencyoftotalnitrogen(TN),totalphosphorus(TP),chemicaloxygendemand(COD)inthe
waterandnitrogen(N)andphosphorus(P)accumulationintheplantsweremeasuredastheindexesof
evaluationofthosematerials.Thepurificationabilitiesofthesematerialsweresignificantlyhigherthanthe
control.After5daysofthetreatments,theconcentrationofNH+4Nwerecloseto0,theTN ,NO-3N
andCODremovalefficiencyof犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’significantlyhigherthanothermaterials,Thepurifi
cationabilitiesof‘Tetragold’and‘Jumbo’wassignificantlyhigherthan‘Maximus’.After20daysof
treatments,theremovalefficiencyofTN,NH+4N,NO-3Nweremorethan90%,andtheremovaleffi
ciencyofTPandCODweremorethan79%and59%,respectively.Theabovewaterdrybiomassofthese
plantmaterialsaccountedformorethan50%oftotaldrybiomass,andtheNandPuptakesaccountedfor
morethan80%ofthetotalremovalsystem,respectively.Althedataindicatedthat,犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumi
la’,‘Tetragold’and‘Jumbo’canbeusedasproperplantmaterialsforeutrophicwaterpurificationincold
season.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Coldseason;Waterpurification;Grasses;Nitrogenandphosphorusuptake
HIJK
:20141013;LMJK:20150312
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ä$çJKO
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n%ð§¥TJKÚÌNú=
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[12]
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T%ð:fHéXBJK
,
nÛ%s%ðQ
NTHÒ(
[1315],
néx^-6@1G%
DQNTO*غ¼ri½
[16]。
ô8-
(犆狅狉狋犪犱犲狉犻犪狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪 ‘Pumila’)nʶ
VTq»*$9-»JK
,
HlK
,
Xp
.$Ü
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>%©LDxJK
、
_
、
QN?p
¨Ih
,
ÚHÒTD-1G
[1718]。
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[19]
°PLZ;_TXD-\sw#T%
2
,
ô8-ELУP
。
&¥|?
[20]
/0ghô
8-TÝY§¥
、
W66©
é72G_JK,ó§cnsêgJKL_
&°9\:
,
jS/0ghô8-ÞJ¡L
déÛ%sQN%ðTNLL§
,
Iµvé
LÛ%sDQNT%ð§¥T/0]öri½
。
»/0jô8-|3Mx^-1Gn/0
ý
,
<=¸t÷ÓÖDìEDQN&ci
(Total
nitrogen,TN),cj(Totalphosphorus,TP),×\i
(NH+4N),Ö\i(NO-3N)|ð+3Á`(Chemical
oxygendemand,COD)TAõÝ,W06@JKýL
Û%sDìEDQNT%ð§¥
,
j#OÛ%
s%ðìEDQNTHIJK1G
,
n·_Û%s
ìEDQNT ù¼JÂTïÂ
。
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1.1 jkUV
fô8-3Mx^-1GnBCý
(
g1)。/0QNf¶Z;¦!¸@z½,¼î
ß©TED)_
[21],
=¾Ôd_e=Aâ
、
ø=Aâ
、
QW=Aâ
、
_e=A
â|äWkâé
[22]
ÃkQN&TN,TP,NH+4
N,NO-3N|CODT»`,=¾n27.07,2.81,7.
23,16.55654.03mg·L-1。}ϬQÏú°
>T
《
_gQF`ÁM¾¨£Ä
》
D©BQN
nAìEDQN
[23]。
`1 jkUV
Table1 Plantsusedinthisstudy
ý
Accession
ç
Origin
9%s
Growingseason
ô8-
犆狅狉狋犪犱犲狉犻犪狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’
Sªå
ShanghaiJingwen
P
Evergreen
‘
8s
’
犔狅犾犻狌犿犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’
«¯S
Barenbrug
Û%s
Coldseason
‘
VdÃ
’
犔狅犾犻狌犿犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’
«¯S
Barenbrug
Û%s
Coldseason
‘
G
’
犔狅犾犻狌犿犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’
«¯S
Barenbrug
Û%s
Coldseason
1.2 jkXY
1.2.1 ombcþÇë BCLí&*+
,JK/01-)/0&!TKÛË
(
öîÛ
,
>
¹<Ð
)
2\
,
é2013$10%18ò,Ðx^
--G©QÙbé¸Jz+T¾L&\JÉ
,
@
2Ð1LTô8-z¼_ÞP͸Jz+Tx³&
\D
。
Rx^-\=V#
,
ô8-T}
])*9_
,
ÐBCýÞPÍ0`¸T»MP
/NS
,
L¶çQ&SDß¹_\ìEDQN
Óù
。
1.2.2 56ÿ½ BCÓù1,é2013$12%
3ò-23ò\,BC#%òÝYÒA<=n
198~612μmol·m
-2·s-1,ÛA<ð~ë11。
BCf,Ân27cm,sn25cmTúïNx
³nQZ
,
j"Ân25cm»MPnGJ/N,
¿MJKÓù²Â4M*,jöGJJKTQN
nDÒ
(CK),BC#%<=¼î°ôQOèé°
°
、
JK°ðÇ!TQ=
。
=1 ·ZÞ·¡Q
Fig.1 Variationoftemperatureinthegreenhouse
581
! " # $ !24"
1.2.3 bcV! QNé:¿5df1Q:,
éQNT TN,TP,NH+4N,NO-3N | COD×
A
[22]。
JK:1
:
ÐJr=nQS6Qñú=
(
Ë}
]~Xñú=
),
Sk8½6e5¼_ÐJr:
1ÂéÌà&105℃w30min,À_L75℃Ì
ÍÎ
,
Sk8½6e52T
,
Ý_éJr
Tij»`
[21]。
1.2.4 Lÿ½
9K`<ð=e59K`-8½9K`
Jri
(
j
)
Ö¹`T|}Ý=Jri(j)Ö¹
/`
]^i
(
j
)
Aõc`×100%
JKDìEDQN&´µKTAõݲߺâ
n
:犠 (% )= (犆0-犆犻)/犆0×100%
â&
:犠 n!犻d´µKTcAõÝ,犆0 n8
½´µK×A
,犆犻n!犻dT´µKT×A[2425]。
ëÏ©Ôd4*TR©±FÏØçg
,
ÔdSPSS20.0^²=ÕÖL95%TÂÔ
%\ÒØ=
,
6@Óù%غ
Ïd
Duncanâ\ÁM;ÔdExcel2010Fga。
2 pqW>r
2.1 c~+,lhLót<2Ó_
BJK©LÒ`KìEDTQHl
,
ô8
-LWM=Ä&ß"JrO«
,
Xp×
,3Mx
^-1GL´QÓù15d_,X´OP¡i?°
w;
。
JKT¼<ð~g21,¼<ð
<=L675.4~1108.0g·m-22,Yuÿn:ô
8->‘8s’>‘G’>‘VdÃ’,<ðL
101.7~272.9g·m-2<=2,Yuÿn:ô8-
>‘G’>‘8s’>‘VdÃ’。ô8-T¼<
ð
sé3Mx^-1G(犘<0.05),3M
x^-1G&
‘
8s
’
‘
G
’
T¼<ð
sé
‘
VdÃ
’。
QSú=<ðØc<ðT
¸ÝYéQú=1ظÝ
。
`2 4e+,,1¡Q2"
Table2 Comparisonofbiomassofthefourplantmaterials
ý
Accession
¼
Freshweight
/g·m-2
Dryweight/g·m-2
Øc¸
Thetotaldryweightratio/%
QSú
Abovewater
Qú
Belowwater
c
Total
QSú
Abovewater
Qú
Belowwater
ô8-
犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’
1108.0±129.4a 161.4±17.5a 111.4±27.0a 272.9±33.7a 59.4±6.0b 40.6±6.0a
‘
8s
’
犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿‘Tetragold’
933.0±113.5b 94.0±9.0b 41.4±7.2b 135.3±15.9b 69.6±2.2a 30.4±2.2b
‘
VdÃ
’
犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿‘Maximus’
675.4±21.1c 73.8±3.9c 27.9±1.2b 101.7±3.2c 72.5±1.7a 27.5±1.7b
‘
G
’
犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’
901.6±46.1b 97.0±1.6b 39.6±2.8b 136.7±3.5b 71.0±1.5a 29.0±1.5b
ü:@j6@uU;Çgغ
(犘<0.05),@
Note:Differentlowercaseswithinthesamecolumnindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level.Thesameasbelow
2.2 c~+,no$ót
2.2.1 `aom,Á"E#$ðº QN
&iuAõÝ~g31,Óù5d_,ô8-D
TNTAõÝW90%jS,%ð§¥
Hé3M
x^-1G
(犘<0.05);‘8s’‘G’DTN
TAõÝW57%jS,
Hé‘VdÃ’。Óù20
d_,JKÓùTQN& TN T×AÍ 27.07
mg·L-1Í¡0.43~0.59mg·L-1,þéiA
ìEDTÁM»F1.0mg·L-1,nDÒQNEn
AìEDðQR
,
JKDQN&TNT%ð:f
HéïJKTQN
。
èg3Lã,Óù5d_,JK%NH+4NTA
õÝï
غ
,
©W90%jS,
séDÒQ
N
(犘<0.05);ô 8 - D NO-3N A õ Ý W
97.3%,
Hé3Mx^-1G,nx
^-1G%Aغ
,
ÿn
‘
8s
’>‘G’
>‘VdÃ’。Óù20d_,JKÓùTQN&
NH+4N6NO-3NAõÝW98%jS,
Hé
m¦DÒT
。
681
!1# § ?:Û%s6@q-DìEDQN%ð§¥T/0
`3 c~no$ót
»F
Index
ý
Accession
AõÝRemovalefficiency/%
5d 10d 15d 20d
TN
ô8-犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’ 95.8±3.4a 96.9±0.5a 98.0±0.2a 98.4±0.5a
‘
8s
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’ 68.3±5.6b 93.4±4.6ab 97.2±0.2a 98.2±0.2a
‘
VdÃ
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’ 42.0±4.6d 65.4±2.5c 89.8±2.5b 97.8±0.1a
‘
G
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’ 57.5±3.3c 90.6±3.5b 97.5±0.1a 98.1±0.1a
CK 5.7±3.8e 12.3±5.7d 12.6±1.7c 16.1±4.6b
NH+4 -N
ô8-犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’ 97.6±0.1a 98.0±0.2a 98.5±0.2a 98.7±0.5a
‘
8s
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’ 97.7±0.8a 98.2±0.2a 98.2±0.2a 98.8±0.3a
‘
VdÃ
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’ 90.9±1.6b 97.7±1.1a 98.1±0.2a 98.8±0.1a
‘
G
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’ 97.5±1.9a 99.1±0.1a 99.3±0.1a 98.9±0.2a
CK 8.4±1.8c 11.9±4.2b 1.6±2.6b 0.8±2.9b
NO-3 -N
ô8-犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’ 97.3±5.0a 99.8±0.1a 99.7±0.1a 99.3±0.1a
‘
8s
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’ 53.4±9.9b 96.0±5.9ab 99.6±0.1a 99.0±0.1a
‘
VdÃ
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’ 16.9±8.8d 57.9±4.0c 88.1±3.0b 98.9±0.1a
‘
G
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’ 38.1±6.4c 91.2±4.9b 99.9±0.1a 99.2±0.1a
CK 8.5±3.3d 18.5±1.8c 21.8±5.7c 28.0±5.3b
ü:6@»F@j6@uU;Çgغ
(犘<0.05),@
Note:Differentlowercasewithinthesamecolumnofdifferentindexindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level.Thesameasbelow
2.2.2 `aom,ñE#$ðº QN&TP
AõÝ~g41,Óù5d_,6@JKDTPTA
õÝÿn
:‘
8s
’>‘G’>‘VdÃ’>ô8->D
Ò
,
ô8-TAõÝøé3Mx^-,IÓù20
d_TPAõÝAW79.4%,JKÓù_QN&TP
AõÝ©
sém¦DÒT14.2%(犘<0.05)。
`4 c~no$ót
ý
Accession
TPAõÝ TPremovalefficiency/%
5d 10d 15d 20d
ô8-犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’ 34.4±9.0b 50.8±9.7c 68.7±9.3c 79.4±7.4b
‘
8s
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’ 73.1±9.6a 95.2±0.7a 98.6±1.2a 99.7±0.07a
‘
VdÃ
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’ 37.0±2.5b 64.2±2.3b 83.2±12.7b 99.7±0.04a
‘
G
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’ 65.4±8.8a 95.7±4.7a 99.7±0.07a 99.7±0.04a
CK 9.3±0.34c 9.5±1.2d 11.9±1.0d 14.2±0.86c
2.2.3 `aom COD E#$ðº QN&
CODAõÝ~g51。Óù5d_,6@JKD
CODTAõÝÿn:ô8->‘8s’>‘G’>
‘
VdÃ
’>DÒ,ô8-TAõÝ
sé3M
x^-1G
(犘<0.05);ÀìBC\,CODA
õÝ6ÿíY
,3Mx^-1GTCODAõÝ
tn#ä
,
ï
غ
。
Óù20d_,JKDCOD
AõÝ©
séDÒT54.5%(犘<0.05)。
`5 c~no$ót<犆犗犇mnÕ2"
Table5 ComparisonofCODremovalefficiencywithdifferenttreatment
ý
Accession
CODAõÝCODremovalefficiency/%
5d 10d 15d 20d
ô8-犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘Pumila’ 54.8±5.1a 65.0±4.1a 67.7±7.0a 67.6±5.8a
‘
8s
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Tetragold’ 42.0±3.2b 50.5±1.1b 56.1±4.2b 60.0±4.0b
‘
VdÃ
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Maximus’ 35.6±4.3b 53.8±4.6b 59.1±5.6b 65.0±2.0ab
‘
G
’犔.犿狌犾狋犻犳犾狅狉狌犿 ‘Jumbo’ 40.8±4.6b 52.2±0.8b 59.8±4.2b 63.9±1.8ab
CK 25.8±7.6c 41.6±3.0c 48.4±2.8c 54.4±3.2c
2.3 c~+,$K、g2¸·
èg6Lã,JK%iTcÖ¹`ï
غ,
L1679.1~1883.1mg·m-2<=2,ÿn:‘G’
>‘8s’>ô8->‘VdÃ’。QSú=iÖ¹`
L937.8~1381.8mg·m-2<=2,ÿn:‘G’
>‘8s’>‘VdÃ’>ô8-,Qú=iÖ¹`L
451.9~887.3mg·m-2<=2,ÿn:ô8->‘8
s
’>‘G’>‘VdÃ’。3Mx^-1GQS
781
! " # $ !24"
ú=iÖ¹`D]^cAõ`|}ÝW64%jS,
séô8-T49.2%(犘<0.05)。JriÖ¹
c`©W]^cAõ`T88%jS,ghJKÖ¹
L]^NAõ&ªdÈP«Tcd。
`6 4e+,Kg¸·12"
Table6 Comparisonofnitrogenandphosphorusaccumulationofthefourmaterials
»F
Index
ý
Accession
Ö¹`Accumulation/mg·m-2
QSú
Abovewater
Qú
Belowwater
c
Total
QSú
Abovewater
Qú
Belowwater
c
Total
i
Nitrogen
ô8-
犆.狊犲犾犾狅犪狀犪‘犘狌犿犻犾犪’
937.8±356.8b 887.3±120.0a 1825.0±337.1a 49.2±18.6b 46.6±6.4a 95.8±27.3a
‘
8s
’
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