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Effects of Inoculating Root Rot Fusarium on Alfalfa Seedlings

根腐病原镰刀菌—苜蓿品种—土壤水分互作对种苗生长的影响



全 文 :!23" !3#
 Vol.23  No.3
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  5%
  May.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.03.027
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犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犐狀狅犮狌犾犪狋犻狀犵犚狅狅狋犚狅狋犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狅狀犃犾犳犪犾犳犪犛犲犲犱犾犻狀犵狊
GUOYuxia1,GUANYongzhuo1,ZHANGJinfeng1,LIDefeng1,YANXuebing1,
WANGChengzhang1,ZHANGMeng2
(1.ColegeofAnimalandVeterinaryScience,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou,HenanProvince450002,China;
2.Colegeofplantprotection,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou,HenanProvince450002,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Tostudythepathogenicityof犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿and犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻todifferentalfalfavarietiesun
dervariouswatercontents,Agonguin,PowerplantandAlfakingwereselectedtoestimatethediseaseinde
xes,finalsurvivals,rootweights,seedlingweights,rootlengthsandseedlinglengthsofalfalfavarieties.
Thereweresignificanteffectsoffungiandwatercontentonthediseaseindexesofalfalfavarietiesandthere
wasanotableinteractionbetweenvarietyandwatercontent(犘<0.05),whereasthediseaseindexeswere
nosignificantdifferenceamongvarieties.Comparingwiththecontrol,higherdiseaseindexandlowersur
vivalswerefoundinthevarietiesinoculatedwithfungiespecialywith犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻(犘<0.05).Differentfun
gishowednoinfluenceontherootweight,whereastheinteractionsamongthevarieties,fungiandwater
contentshadsignificantinfluenceontherootweights(犘<0.05).Seedlingweightwasalsolargelyaffected
byvariety,fungiandwatercontent(犘<0.05)andnotableinteractionswerefoundamongthreefactors.
犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻showedsignificantrestrictionontheseedlingweight(犘<0.05),andtheobviouseffectsof犉.
狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿onrootlengthwerealsoobservedespecialyonthatofPowerplantandAlfakingvarieties.Vari
ety,fungiandwatercontentshowedobservableinfluenceontheseedlinglength(犘<0.05)andnotablein
teractionswereobservedbetweenfungiandwatercontents,however,therewerenonotableinteractions
! " # $ !23"
betweenvarietyandfungus,varietyandwatercontent,fungusandwatercontent.Seedlinglengthswere
reducedinthreevarietiesinoculatedwith犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻atthreewatercontentlevels(犘<0.05).Two犉狌狊犪狉犻
狌犿fungicausedtherootdiseaseanddamageofalfalfaunderhighwatercontent,and犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻hadhigher
pathogenicitytoalfalfaroot.Fungiandwatercontentshowedsignificantinfluenceonthediseaseindexes
andsignificantinteractionexistedbetweenthesefactors(犘<0.05).
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Alfalfa;Seedling;犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿;犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻;Rootdisease
  \](犕犲犱犻犮犪犵狅狊犪狋犻狏犪L.)˜ØنZ"z
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©Z8Š¯É"
Watercontent
L©Ð@Potsize/cm
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Diameter
Ñe
Height
©Y"
Soilweight/g
f~GÉ"
1stwatering
volume/mL
mY"
Cover
soil/g
M²GÉ"
2ndwatering
volume/mL
30% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 21
50% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 34
70% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 49
1.3.2 $EFED³´ÆÇ@ÅA Þf`á¥È
‘©¥~ñôÿcÉ140mL。°¤70%,50%j
30%[24]I WHC5W©Z。fá<`r5W+ŽÏ
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1%~…½ÿ5min+ŽÏ¡、ÿcÉìO5~、ÿcÞ
±0¹\]`r+ŽÉJ

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dO`kcI<à"«2†

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20℃Qy"«R8»’、ñ·,‘È=à12h,7d¢M
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f`56d¢,W„…_YB8“q,_:ɍì
O¹õ

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¼j_FzG
(diseaseindex,DI)。‘©"ý“2A
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QFusariumspecies:anIlustratedManual
forIdentification[27],W|@ˆØ`。
1.4 ijkl
¤ MicrosoftExcel5WGHIË5QDPS6.
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§„…IˆUvöØO`Ikcx5<%¶Ð1
<%

ømï%
(犆犾犪犱狅狊狆狅狉犻狌犿犺犲狉犫犪狉狌犿)、+õJ
%
(犃犾狋犲狉狀犪狉犻犪犪犾狋犲狉狀犪狋犪)f<àjO`kcI3A
\]»`I„…ˆU#vâöq

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[10,28,30]
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f„…Iˆ+Íñhº›œvªI.–{„s
[28]。
<¶Pá<͸,€l
(犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犪犱狊狌狉犵犲狀狊
Pal.)[31,33]j—;](犗狀狅犫狉狔犮犺犻狊狏犻犮犻犻犳狅犾犻犪Scop.
)[34,35]
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% c
(犃犾狋犲狉狀犪狉犻犪spp.)、ï % c (犆犾犪犱狅狊狆狅狉犻狌犿
spp.)vÿŠ_ñIÌÍ+›,vP‡ˆ+õJ%j
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?ÌÍI€a¶
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q2 €c„+,Á÷øb„„™re@oVã,c(犘â)
Table2 VarianceanalysesofDIandsurvivalsofdifferentalfalfavarietiesinoculatedwithfungiat
variouswatercontents(犘Value)
—R:?
Variancecomponent
_FzG
DI
zæî!G
Finalsurvival
ˆ~
Rootweight
…~
Seedlingweight
ˆ·
Rootlength
…·
Shootlength
»`
(A×)Variety 0.3707 0.1110 0.0011 0.0001 0.1040 0.0006
c`
(B×)Fungi 0.0001 0.0001 0.4854 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
ÉJ
(C×)Watercontent 0.0265 0.1031 0.0001 0.0001 0.2718 0.0001
»`×c`
(A×B)Variety×Fungi
0.3054 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0140 0.1091
»`×ÉJ(A×C)
Variety×Watercontent
0.0104 0.0449 0.0001 0.0001 0.0107 0.0805
c`×ÉJ(B×C)
Fungi×Watercontent
0.2325 0.0892 0.0001 0.0001 0.0008 0.0022
»`×c`×ÉJ
(A×B×C)Variety×
Fungi×Watercontent
0.0410 0.1837 0.0001 0.0001 0.0071 0.3761
q3 c„+,Á÷øb„„™re@om®mn
Table3 Indexesofdifferentalfalfavarietiesinoculatedwithfungiatvariouswatercontents
Ë5
Treatment
_FzG
DI
zæî!G

6
Finalsurvival
ˆ~
/g·ˆ-1
Rootweight
…~
/g·…-1
Seedlingweight
ˆ·
/cm
Rootlength
…·
/cm
Shootlength
A(»`)Ë5
Variety
7™ 35.43a 11.29a 0.0009b 0.0079a 3.58ab 6.77a
\]§ 38.23a 9.56a 0.0009b 0.0065b 3.45b 5.95b
B(c`)Ë5
Fungi
<à 0.00c 13.98a 0.0010a 0.0077a 3.77a 7.15a
Ð1<% 51.30b 5.20c 0.0009a 0.0043b 3.18b 3.94b
x5<% 60.00a 11.76b 0.0009a 0.0082a 3.82a 7.42a
C(ÉJ)Ë5
Watercontent
30% 34.02b 10.07ab 0.0008b 0.0053c  0.0053c 5.30b
50% 39.66a 11.31a 0.0011a 0.0081a 0.0081a 6.47a
70% 37.61ab 9.56b 0.0009b 0.0067b 0.0067b 6.74a
  •:‘æ{⋌4…wx×+Åf95%ò6Éu†ãRœ‹(犘<0.05)
Note:Differentlowercasesindicatesignificantdifferencewithinthesamecolumnat犘<0.05(Duncantest)
2.2 €c„+,klÁ÷øb„„™re@
oÔÕ

t1>

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(犘<0.05),7™I…·œ‹ÑÞ|
‘2A»`,\]§I…·Ñޜ‹

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O`x5<%

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✋ÕÖ
(犘<0.05)。O`2Ac`¢,|„…
I_FzG
(DI)vœ‹ÑÞ<à«(犘<0.05),|
8O`x5<%<\]»`_FzGIÕ֜‹/
ÞÐ1<%

æOc¢I\]„…Izæn!Gv
ƒÞ<à

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‹ƒÞx5<%

bf<_FzGj„…zæn!
G:Ú

x5<%jÐ1<%IÕ֘‹ŒI

O
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Ö

O`Ð1<%œ‹ƒ‰\]Iˆ·

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~IÕÖ¬Ù

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j…·ÿœ‹ÕÖ

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<â¿z{

‹ŒÉJË5<3A\]»`I_FzG、z
æn!GPQˆj…)z{vÍñ‰‹ŒSeIÕ
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+3),ç<„…zæn!G、ˆ~、…~jˆ·
IÕÖ֎”•˜¥ŠI

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q4 c„+,Á÷øb„„™re@oÔÕ
Table4 Effectsoffungiandwatercontentsontheindexesofdifferentalfalfavarieties
z{
Index
»`
Variety
c`
Fungi
ÉJ
Watercontent

Control
Ð1<%
犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻
x5<%
犉.
狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿
30% 50% 70%
ÉJ 
Water 
content
c`
Fungi

Control
Ð1<%
犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻
x5<%
犉.狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿
_FzG
Disease
index
7™ 0.00Ac 46.03Ab 60.27Aa 36.83Aa 38.62Aa 30.85Ba 50% 21.25Ab 56.19Aa 62.79Aa
\]§ 0.00Ab 53.63Aa 61.07Aa 35.56Aa 39.25Aa 39.90Aa 70% 19.18Ab 53.07Aa 59.77Aa
zæî!G
Final
survival
7™ 10.92Bb 5.67Ac 16.73Aa 12.53Aa 11.67Aa 9.67Aa 50% 16.07Aa 5.93Ac 12.47Ab
\]§ 14.75Aa 5.67Ab 8.40Bb 7.93Ba 10.13Aa 10.60Aa 70% 14.53Aa 3.20Ac 11.07Ab
ˆ~
/g·ˆ-1
Root
weight
7™ 0.0011Aa 0.0006Cb 0.0011Aa 0.0008Bb 0.0011Ba 0.0008Bb 50% 0.0012Aa 0.0012Aa 0.0010Bb
\]§ 0.0009Ba 0.0008Ba 0.0008Ba 0.0011Aa 0.0009Cb 0.0006Cc 70% 0.0010Ba 0.0008Bb 0.0007Cb
…~
/g·…-1
Seedling
weight
7™ 0.0101Aa 0.0045Ac 0.0090Ab 0.0055Ac 0.0101Aa 0.0080Ab 50% 0.0091Aa 0.0074Ab 0.0087Aa
\]§ 0.0076Ba 0.0037Bb 0.0082Ba 0.0056Ab 0.0082Ba 0.0057Bb 70% 0.0092Aa 0.0030Bc 0.0082Ab
ˆ·
/cm
Root
length
7™ 3.83Aa 3.00Aa 3.35Ba 3.99Aa 3.48Aa 3.26Aa 50% 3.52Aa 3.22Aa 3.81Aa
\]§ 3.76Aa 3.29Aa 3.48Ba 3.62Aa 3.39Aa 3.35Aa 70% 3.74Aa 3.37Aa 3.36Aa
…·
/cm
Seedling
length
7™ 8.19Aa 4.11Ab 8.04Aa 5.39Ab 7.30Aa 7.61Aa 50% 7.86Aa 4.27Ab 7.71Aa
\]§ 6.91Aa 3.68Ab 7.62Aa 5.03Aa 6.19Aa 6.62Aa 70% 8.67Aa 3.72Ab 8.36Aa
  •:‘æ{⋌à…wx×+Åf95%ò6Éu†ãRœ‹,‘W{⋌4…wx×+Åf95%ò6Éu†ãRœ‹。
Note:Differentcapitallettersinthesamecolumnanddifferentlowercasesinthesamerowindicatesignificantdifferencesat犘<0.05.
2.3 €c„+,Á÷øb„Q|ei(DI)
`aµrioÔÕ
ϋŒ\]»`

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0.01)jÉJ(犘<0.05)<_FzGÍñœ‹IÕ
Ö

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»`×c`×ÉJh✋õ†

(犘<0.05)。

O`Ð1<%

x5<%¢I3A
\]»`„…IDIvœ‹ÑÞ<à«(犘<0.05)。
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30%IÉJË5<ƒÞŠ»`50%、70%IÉJË5;Œ¥ÉJË5
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«I7™»`IDIœ‹ƒÞ|ýâA»`(犘<
0.05)。¤‹ŒIÉJjc`Ë5\]¢,<ÞÐ1
<%c`Ë5:!
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! " # $ !23"
50%、70%Ë5,x5<%Ë53A‹ŒÉJË5g
hÿœ‹ÕÖ

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O`_ûkcI
nâ\]»`IDIvœ‹ÑÞ<à(犘<0.05),|
850%、70%ÉJË5ÿ’˜O`Ð1<%i˜O
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30%ÉJ«c`¶<àghPQ‹Œc`gh|
DIãRvœ‹(犘<0.05)(+4)。
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»`¶ÉJghGîfœ‹
(犘<0.05)I†x(+2)。O`Ð1<
%jx5<%¢

æî!Gvœ‹ƒÞ<à«
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(犘<0.05),¶lšÉJ(50%)¬t,
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(30%)jÑÉJ
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žŸ>?
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