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Study of Classification and Gradation, Restoration of Black-Soil Beach Degraded Grassland in the Headwaters of Three Rivers

三江源区黑土滩退化草地分类分级体系及分类恢复研究



全 文 :书!23" !3#
 Vol.23  No.3
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ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  5%
  May.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.03.001
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DONGQuanmin1,MAYushou1,XUChangjun2,SHIJianjun1,
WANGYuan2,WANGYanlong1,SHENGLi1,LIShixiong1
(1.QinghaiAcademyofAnimalandVeterinarySciences,Xining,QinghaiProvince810016,China;
2.BasicGeographicInformationCenterofQinghaiProvince,Xining,QinghaiProvince810001,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Accordingtotopographicalconditionandthedemandofengineeringimprovement,basedonthe
analysisofdataobtainedfrom120sampleregionsintheheadwaterregionsofthreerivers,blacksoilbeach
degradedgrasslandwasdividedinto3typesincludingⅠbottomland(gradientfrom0°to7°),Ⅱslopeland
(gradientfrom7°to25°)andⅢsteepland(gradient≥25°).Theproportionsofbarren/landandedible
foragewereservedastheleadingindicatorsofclassifyingblacksoilbeachdegradedgrasslandbyclustera
nalysisandprincipalcomponentanalysis,andthedegradedgrasslandwasclassifiedinto3typesincluding
lightly,moderatelyandheavydegradedblacksoilbeach.Besides,combiningfieldinvestigationswithre
motesensingtechniques,theareasanddistributingregionsofdifferentblacksoilbeachdegradedgrassland
typesandgradeswereascertained,andthedevelopmenttendencyofblacksoilbeachdegradedgrassland
wasalsoanalyzedwithin20years.Finaly,basedonthetypesofblacksoilbeachandutilizationaimsof
vegetationrecover,thedefinitionofcultivatedgrasslandofdifferentblacksoilbeachtypes,thecombina
tionoffeasibleplantspeciesandcorrespondingagronomicmeasuresweresuggested,andthen3modelsof
comprehensivecontrolandcorrelativecontrolmeasuresofblacksoilbeachdegradedgrasslandweresum
marized.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Theheadwatersofthreerivers;Blacksoilbeachdegradedgrassland;Classificationsandgrada
tion;Distributionarea;Classificationrecovery
EFGH
:20140608;IJGH:20141012
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Table1 Resultsofprincipalcomponentanalysisfortheclusterindexesofblacksoilbeachdegradedgrassland
z{
Index
HIð
Characteristicvalue
Öãäåæ
Contributionrateofvariance/%
ç¼Öãäåæ
Contributionrateofaccumulativevariance/%
rs4tu
Proportionofbarren/land
2.60 65.00 64.00
vw*]tu
Proportionofedibleforage
1.37 34.25 99.25
[\zŞ&
Degradedindicatorplants
0.02 0.50 99.75
CDFG
Rodentsituation
0.01 0.25 100.00
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Table2 Evaluatingindicators,typesandgradedivisionofblacksoilbeachdegradedgrassland
[\ab
Types
[\y
Grades
rs4tu
Proportionofbarren/land/%
vw*]tu
Proportionofedibleforage/%
ⅠZ4(0~7°)
Ⅰbottomland
(gradientfrom0°to7°)
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Ⅰ28e 60~80 5~15
Ⅰ3~e ≥80 ≤5
Ⅱid4(7~2°e)
Ⅱslopeland
(gradientfrom7°to25°)
Ⅱ1}e 40~60 15~20
Ⅱ28e 60~80 5~15
Ⅱ3~e ≥80 ≤5
Ⅲkd4(àÞ25°)
Ⅲsteepland(gradient≥25°)
Ⅲ1}e 40~60 15~20
Ⅲ28e 60~80 5~15
Ⅲ3~e ≥80 ≤5
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Fig.2 Geographicinformationsystemofblacksoilbeachgradedgrasslandintheheadwaterregionsofthreerivers
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Table3 Areachangesofdegradedgrasslandsintheheadwaterregionofthreerivers thm2
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—\ûe
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degradation
1986$ 4.65 14.91 29.66 1.04 19.32 1.89 10.18
2006$ 15.18 78.23 57.33 92.37 61.82 11.02 11.76
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Totalarea
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