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Effects of Inoculating Fungi on Protective Enzyme Activities of Alfalfa Seedlings

根腐病原镰刀菌-品种-土壤水分互作对苜蓿保护酶活性的影响



全 文 :!23" !6#
 Vol.23  No.6
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  11%
  Nov.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.06.030
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:Q946.5    [\]^_:A     [`aZ:10070435(2015)06133607
犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犐狀狅犮狌犾犪狋犻狀犵犉狌狀犵犻狅狀犘狉狅狋犲犮狋犻狏犲犈狀狕狔犿犲犃犮狋犻狏犻狋犻犲狊狅犳犃犾犳犪犾犳犪犛犲犲犱犾犻狀犵狊
GUOYuxia1,ZHANGHongrui1,GUANYongzhuo1,YUYing1,ZHANGJinfeng1,
YANXuebing1,WANGChengzhang1,ZHANGMeng2
(1.ColegeofAnimalandVeterinaryScience,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou,HenanProvince450002,China;
2.Colegeofplantprotection,HenanAgriculturalUniversity,Zhengzhou,HenanProvince450002,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Tostudytheeffectsof犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿and犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻undervariousconditionsofwater
contentondifferentalfalfavarieties,‘Agonguin’,‘Powerplant’and‘Alfaking;wereselectedtodeter
mineactivitiesofpolyphenoloxidase(PPO),peroxidase(POD),superoxidedismutase(SOD),andPhen
ylalanineAmmoniaLyase(PAL).Wefoundthattherewerenotableinteractionsbetweenfungiandvarie
ty,alsobetweenfungiandwatercontent(犘<0.05).Ateachwatercontent,SODactivityofPowerplant
and‘Alfaking’wasthelowestandhighest,respectively.Afterinoculation,PALactivityof‘Algonguin’
and‘Powerplant’increasedslightlybutinsignificantly.Fungiandwatercontentshowednotableeffectson
theactivityofPOD,SOD,PALofvariety(犘<0.05).Clearinteractionswereobservedbetweenvariety
andfungi,fungiandwatercontent(犘<0.05).
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Alfalfa;犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊狅犾犪狀犻;犉.狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿;Enzymeactivity
CDEF
:20150208;GHEF:20150821
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spondence,Email:yxbbjzz@163.com;ZM2006@126.com
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Yz¬lò[ˆ‰

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(PAL)ðIz{
Oe4{Ol=¨†

DEúa|JŽï”Y
q{>PALC~¸Ù²^,ýAŽl¨Y~Ù
O«=I

s’¾Ž¨Y~lò[G@Ä:

hH
Ž¨Y~ÿÙQ‹®¯
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ðD

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z{ӟ:q`”lò15Æ°†

ðòJdÚc]†

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h6yŽlG
×7Î

ÇCË¿Ek
、¸
³

سlŽò¥7
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[6,10]。
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(SOD)、
öc]†
(POD)AŽl¨Œ~Ù=,<=¨
t
、¨
_
、¨
r
、¨


ðŽåæ†IlQ‹åæ
†
[1014]。
HC³¡
[3]
5hUVïETYþJŸlSOD,
PODePPOC~++DE,äçæ¡[4]++POD
ePALAUVªY¨~lDE,žMM[15]5+
+stäv˜¶ïó_¡
[16]、
PM›¡
[17]、
8:
–
[18]
++ŒxävhUVSOD,PODC~lDE。
Koike[19]ô+UV³o2ߨ/pºAm§ÁW
Y¨~DE
,Pennypacker[20]¡ô+1,5-Á/
‚ƒ„…]

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[24]、`
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žÒ%whUVÔÕSOD,PODC~lD
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A
͌x˜¶×iYq3¥{)”|%whUVåæ
†C~lémlDE

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UV× €)z{ÿì3ã
(犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊犲犿犻狋犲犮
狋狌犿)eih3ã(犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻)¾½)yJH‘®ß
[
’(Algonguin)、‘Š_’(Powerplant)A‘UV$’
(Alfaking)þJ,½”vw×iYq3¥{hUV
£¤þJåæ†C~lém

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1 bcdef
1.1 ghbc
ŒUV× xoæl152[{B=%±S*Y
~d¦l2[{Bÿì3ã(犉狌狊犪狉犻狌犿狊犲犿犻狋犲犮
狋狌犿)eih3ã(犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻),” PDA gßZ—
20℃¿øg߉Ggß7d,’¾*f°Td¢。y
J½)ðŒ14[UVþJ=±Sl¨~d¦l‘®
ß[
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’(Alfaking)3[þJ。
1.2 žŸ@&@²‰dó]€
1.2.1 >?ch ”ÂÅ4ª()<ˆ°T*–
¦ÓUVþJBC<Ÿ¢u}=|RÊzuA

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\¸t1.5℃,7%º\¸t27.5℃(ß^40℃)。
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AÍpë¦0.39%、Ùzò0.75%、
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1.2.2 >?@x]qr«µ‡‰ÉõöAÓY]¢
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3*Êzu2~5uÔÕëB»¼
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_3[¾@10~50B。hžÔÕx2»¼|
]c]†
(PPO)、öc]†(POD)、Õc]Ý]
†
(SOD)¶2ߨ/y¨†(PAL)lC~lNo。
ž=PPOC~NoÖ-5>•¡[28]lˆò、PODC
~No¢¹qü]!Mò
[29],
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v1 žŸghlm
Table1 Treatmentsofpotexperiments
*f8.pμ
Watercontent
Ó*‹÷Potsize

Diameter/cm

Height/cm
UAº
Soil/pot·g-1
z4܌º
1stwater/
pot·mL-1
¥Aº
Coversoil/pot·g-1
?\܌º
Watereverythe
otherday/pot·mL-1
30% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 21
50% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 34
70% 7.3 9.1 190.0 74 10 49
2 …†dX„
sÈ2、È3su,£¤UVþJl|]c]
†ñùy!"~aê
;3[UVþJlöc]
†ñùaê¸!"
(犘<0.05),ž=‘®ß[’
lß^
,‘
Š_


,‘
UV$

ßs

£¤þJù
lÕc]Ý]†^Ãeöc]†MÝ

þJ
ñùa길!"
(犘<0.05),¢˜‘UV$’l
Õc]Ý]†ß^
,‘
®ß[


,‘
Š_

ßs

2ߨ/y¨†˜

Š_

ß^
,‘
®ß
[

¾”!2Ì,Á“aê£!",¢¸!"^H

UV$
’(犘<0.05)。
v2 )ö¦{“X/†‡j¦È¤¥€…†@eIX„(犘¿)
Table2 Varianceanalysesofenzymeactivitiesofalfalfavarietiesinoculatedwithfungiatvarious
watercontentsinsoil(犘value)
kêqCVariationSources |]c]†PPO öc]†POD Õc]Ý]†SOD 2ߨ/y¨†PAL
þJ
(A×)Variety 0.2350 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
{J
(B×)Fungi 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.1446
Œx
(C×)Watercontent 0.2621 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
þJ×{J(A×B)Variety×Fungi 0.0010 0.0001 0.0001 0.1914
þJ׌x(A×C)Variety×Watercontent 0.1403 0.0001 0.0001 0.0032
{J׌x(B×C)Fungi×Watercontent 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
þJ×{J׌x(A×B×C)
Variety×Fungi×Watercontent
0.0006 0.0001 0.0001 0.0001
  sÈ3、È4su:y¢ðyJih3ã‡ðÿ
ì3ã

hFþJl|]c]†

öc]†eÕc
]Ý]†¸Ù!"ém
(犘<0.05)。2[{Jy
Jl3[UVþJlÔÕl|]c]†¸!"^H
h-6
(犘<0.05),ž=yJÿì3ãhUVþJ
|]c]†lém!"^Hih3ã
(犘<0.05);
y{>löc]†

Õc]Ý]†¸!"sH
h-
(犘<0.05),ž=yJÿì3ãlöc]†
!"sHih3ã
(犘<0.05),ÌyJÿì3ãh
Õc]Ý]†lém!"^Hih3ã
(犘<
0.05);ñ”höc]†eÕc]Ý]†qr,
ÿì3ãeih3ãlémð£¤l

yJ2J{
h2ߨ/y¨†ém£!"

£¤Œx¾@h3[UVþJl|]c]†、
öc]†

Õc]Ý]†˜¶2ߨ/y¨†
¸ÝG£¤UÐlém

ž=

˜50%Œx6l|
]c]†C~ß(
,^
H30%Œx6,` ^H70%,
¢aê£!"

£¤Œxpºhöc]†e2ß
¨/y¨†lémˆ‰^Ãðò*l

F¾@ùa
ê¸!"
(犘<0.05),¸ ˜50%Œx6ß^,70%6

,30%6ßs;50%6lÕc]Ý]†¸!"
sH^H30%,70%(犘<0.05)。
2.1 ö¦{“X/†‡j¦AŠ £¤(PPO)@
AB
{JeŒxhUVþJPPO†Clém’¢
=

ðÙ{JQ\!"l’¢
(犘<0.05)。þJ×
{J\{J׌xù¸Ù!"l¯’(犘<0.05)

È2)。
sÈ3、È4su:y{>FUVþJlPPOC
~¸!"^Hh-
(犘<0.05),ž=”y{ih3ã
>

®ß[

þJlPPOC~!"sH‘Š_’A

UV$
’(犘<0.05),yJÿì3ãl3[þJl
PPOC~ñùaê£!"。‘®ß[’e‘Š_’¸
Ê\ŒxlËPPOC~g4Ë,¢£¤Œxñ
ùaê£!"
;‘
Š_

˜50% ŒxPPOC~ß^。
¤ò[Œxñùod

”3[£¤lŒx¾@=,˜
y¢ð30%,50%¾@,‡ð70%¾@3[þJl
PPOC~ñùa긣!"。”PPOC~ˆ‰,Œ
xe{JÔ¯’¢!"
(犘<0.05)。y¢ðyJih
3ã‡ðÿì3ã

žPPO†C¸!"^Hh-(犘
<0.05);3[£¤lŒxod,yJih3ãl˜
8331
!6# 1L&¡:×iYq3¥{þJA͌x¯’hUVåæ†C~lém
50%PPOC~ß^,yJÿì3ã˜70%þ†Cß ^,¸ !"^Hž‰2[Œx¾@(犘<0.05)。
v3 ()ö¦{“Xlm@†‡j¦È¤¥€…†
Table3 Resultsofenzymeactivitiesofdifferentalfalfavarietiesinoculatedwithfungiatvariouswatercontentsinsoil
¾@Treatments NoÄ:Index
|]c]†
PPO
öc]†
POD
Õc]Ý]†
SOD
2ߨ/y¨†
PAL
A(þJ)
¾@Variety

®ß[
’Algonguin 0.057a 3673.412a 48.840b 5.055a

Š_
’Powerplant 0.085a 1313.754b 47.289c 5.360a

UV$
’Alfaking 0.075a 1206.282c 54.046a 2.894b
B({J)¾@
Fungi
h-CK 0.011c 4733.016a 53.647a 4.396a
ih3ã犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻 0.081b 1408.218b 46.902c 4.757a
ÿì3ã犉.狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿 0.125a 52.214c 49.626b 4.156a
C(Œx)¾@
Watercontent
30% 0.064a 1752.926c 50.675a 3.259c
50% 0.088a 2232.456a 48.932b 5.757a
70% 0.065a 2208.066b 50.568a 4.294b
  Ô:¤Î£¤3ͱÈ6aê!"(犘<0.05)
Note:Differentlowercasesinthesamecalumnindicatesignificantdifferenceatthe0.05level
2.2 ö¦{“X/†‡j¦Ë £>¤(POD)@
AB
sÈ2su,{JeŒxhUVþJPOD†C~
¸Q\!"’¢
(犘<0.05)。Ìýy¢ðþJ×{J、
þJ׌x、{J׌x,‡ðþJ×{J׌xñù
¸`”!"l¯’—n
(犘<0.05)。
sÈ3、È4su:¤ò[UVþJ”yJih3
ã\ÿì3ã>

žPODC~”3[þJùðò*
l
,¸
!"^Hh-
(犘<0.05);¤ò[{Jod,h-
eyJih3ã

ŠSaPODC~‘®ß[’>‘Š
_
’>‘UV$’l^Ã,ýaê!"(犘<0.05),¢yJ
ÿì3ãlUVþJ†C

Š_
’>‘®ß[’>‘U
V$
’,
ýaê!"
(犘<0.05)。3[£¤lŒx¾@o
d
,‘
®ß[

e

Š_
’¸
˜50%l¾@†Cß^,!
"^Hž‰2[Œx¾@(犘<0.05),‘UV$’˜70%
Œx¾@†Cß^
,30%¾@ßs,3[Œx¾@POD
C~ñùaê!"
(犘<0.05);¤ò[Œxñùod,3
[£¤lŒx¾@FþJPODC~aê¸!"(犘<
0.05),£¤lð30%e50%Œx¾@ž†C]a‘®
ß[
’>‘Š_’>‘UV$’,Ì70%¾@‘®ß[’
>‘UV$’>‘Š_’。{J׌xl¯’—n0Í:
¤òŒx¾@

y¢ð30%,50%‡ð70%Œx¾@,
eh-Mo

yJeJ{ŠçüžC~!"ÍÎ

ýy
Jÿì3ãlUV†C!"sHih3ã
(犘<0.05);
yJ¤ò{Jl3[Œx¾@od,yJih3ãÞ,
ž†C50%>70%>30%,yJÿì3ãÞ,70%>
50%>30%,ýh-、yJeJ{Jl3[Œx¾@ñ
ùaê¸!"
(犘<0.05)。
v4 ()†‡ö¦{“X/Ȇ‡j¦œ¤¥É@AB
Table4 Enzymeactivityofdifferentalfalfavarietiesinoculatedwithfungiatvariouswatercontentsinsoil
No
Ä:
Index
þJ
Variety
h-
Control
ih

犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻
ÿì

犉.狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿
Œx
Watercontent
30% 50% 70%
{J
Fungi
Œx
Water
content
h-
Control
ih

犉.狊狅犾犪狀犻
ÿì3ã
犉.狊犲犿犻狋犲犮狋狌犿
|]

®ß[
’Algonguin 0.024Ab   0.007Bb 0.140Aa 0.048Aa 0.055Aa 0.068Aa 30% 0.025Bb   0.085Ba 0.089Ba
c]†

Š_
’Powerplant 0.003Ab 0.140Aa 0.111Aa 0.079Aa 0.086Aa 0.089Aa 50% 0.022Bb 0.144Aa 0.108Ba
PPO ‘UV$’Alfaking 0.007Ab 0.096Aa 0.122Aa 0.065Ab 0.123Aa 0.038Ab 70% 0.091Ab 0.014Cc 0.176Aa
öc

®ß[
’Algonguin6950.750Aa4028.331Ab 41.155Bc 3470.711Ab4243.708Aa3305.817Ac 30% 3758.950Aa 758.400Cb 18.099Cc
]†

Š_
’Powerplant3741.336Ba 98.627Bc 101.300Ab 1055.522Bc1515.534Ba1370.206Cb 50% 3623.180Ba 2139.355Ab 49.523Bc
POD ‘UV$’Alfaking3506.963Ca 97.696Cb 14.187Cc 732.547Cc 938.126Cb1948.174Ba 70% 3411.255Ca 1326.900Bb 89.020Ac
Õc]

®ß[
’Algonguin54.724Aa 43.514Bc 48.282Bb 49.255Ba 46.698Bb 50.566Ba 30% 50.731Aa 47.806Ab 50.493Aa
Ý]†

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’Powerplant 50.881Ba 43.514Bc 47.473Bb 47.378Ca 45.728Bb 48.762Ca 50% 51.204Aa 44.461Bb 50.073Aa
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