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Effects of Astragalus membranaceus on the Growth Performance and Carcass Parameters of Finishing Lambs

黄芪对育肥绵羊生长及产肉性能的影响



全 文 :!23" !3#
 Vol.23  No.3
! " # $
ACTA AGRESTIA SINICA
   2015$  5%
  May.  2015
犱狅犻:10.11733/j.issn.10070435.2015.03.029
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67

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›•"ýJn6«,<à«、I、II、III、IVjVË5«J*–ž23²f+0%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2% j3%cM。
íî#70d,͆|ñ·QÍhñô。€aœÅ:íî€8ŽII«!2~œ‹ÑÞ<à«、III«jIV«(犘<
0.05),9œ‹ÑÞV«(犘<0.01)。II«ÜY30dj60d²ù~œ‹ÑÞ|ýË5«j<à«(犘<0.05),II«
â~t9œ‹ƒÞIV«jV«(犘<0.01),œ‹ƒÞC«jIII«(犘<0.05)。II«²2~jõh~9œ‹ÑÞ
IV«、V«j<à«(犘<0.01),œ‹ÑÞI«jIII«(犘<0.05);²2J5¢II«Y¹G%jUst~œ‹ÑÞ
|ýË5«j<à«
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犈犳犳犲犮狋狊狅犳犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊狅狀狋犺犲犌狉狅狑狋犺
犘犲狉犳狅狉犿犪狀犮犲犪狀犱犆犪狉犮犪狊狊犘犪狉犪犿犲狋犲狉狊狅犳犉犻狀犻狊犺犻狀犵犔犪犿犫狊
ZHANGChunxiang1,ZHANGBo1,ZHANGWei1,RENYoushe1,JINLi1,
YANGPeiwen2,LIUGentang2,DONGKuanhu1
(1.ColegeofAnimalScienceandVeterinaryMedicine,ShanxiAgriculturalUniversity,Taigu,ShanxiProvince030801,China;
2.AnimalHusbandryandveterinaryBureauofYingxian,Yingxian,ShanxiProvince037600,China)
犃犫狊狋狉犪犮狋:Theobjectiveofthisstudywastodeterminetheoptimalsupplementationof犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犿犫狉犪
狀犪犮犲狌狊rootinthedietoffinishingramlambs.Thirtysixramlambswithsimilarweightswererandomly
dividedinto6treatments,andwerefedabasaldietwithsupplementationof0%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%
and3%犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊rootfor70drespectively.Theindexesofgrowthperformanceandcar
cassparameterswerecolectedandanalyzed.Theresultsshowedthattheliveweightsoflambsweresig
nificantlyhigherinIIgroupthanincontrolgroup,IIIgroupandIVgroup(犘<0.05),andgreatlysignif
icantlyhigherthaninVgroup(犘<0.01).犃.犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊rootsupplementationincreasedaveragedaily
gainataperiodof30dand60d(犘 <0.05).TheaveragedailygainofIIgroupwashigherthanthatof
othertreatmentgroupsandcontrolgroup(犘 <0.05).Thefeed/gainratioofIIgroupwassignificant
lowerthanthatofIVandVgroup(犘 <0.01),andlowerthanthatofIIIgroupandcontrolgroup(犘 <
0.05).HotcarcassweightandmeatweightofIIgroupweresignificantlyhigherthanthoseofIV,Vand
controlgroup(犘<0.01),andhigherthanthoseofIgroupandIIIgroup(犘<0.05).Therackandleg
chumpweightsofIIgroupwerehigherthanthoseofothertreatmentgroupsandcontrolgroupaftercar
casscut(犘<0.05).Therefore,thesupplementationof1%犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊rootinthedietcouldincreasethe
averagedailygain,theratioofhighqualitymeat,andimprovethefeedefficiencyoffinishingramlambs.
犓犲狔狑狅狉犱狊:Rootof犃狊狋狉犪犵犪犾狌狊犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊;Growthperformance;Carcassparameters;Finishingram
lamb
EFGH
:20140422;IJGH:20140822
KLMN

r0,ÚhYÍ÷„…2ùՋ߿ÀÊ
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(1972),á,r0T›§,ÊË,ŒÜY,ÌÍփ_.¤×&Q«,Email:zhchx66@126.com;:6x× Authorfor
correspondence,Email:dongkuanhu@126.com
  ¥á)uÍ»I!ÃÖ¾Áý§¿·•,|: |øIÈöü¤ž&ŸÛ’_câ*ú),P#f
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[912]。
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2~12±1.1kg)²f8*úcMøü
(averagedailygain,ADG)、uv¹
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(averagedailyfeedintake,ADFI)jc
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NRC(2007)ÜYQ«UV"8$dI2~30kg,
²ù~300gñ·•YIQ«Éu‹¼{Ö。;k
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Å

W[h
(犣犲犪犿犪狔狊)/j~qLÖ(犎犲犾犻犪狀
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q1 KhGßu1+éu, (犇犕Kh)
Table1 Ingredientandchemical
compositionofdiet(DMbasis) %
ûâIngredients
;ká#
1~30d
;k¢#
31~60d
[h/+Cornstalk 32.87 27.76
~qLÖ+sunflowerseednul 10.32 10.43
[hCrackedcorn 29.68 39.62
;¨Soybeanmeal 9.92 7.94
Uõ¨Linseedmeal 14.97 11.99
wÕSalt 0.60 0.6
ŽþÞCalciumhydrophosphate 0.56 0.56
ĽþÿSodiumbicarbonate 0.20 0.20
a§â
①Tracemineralmix 0.90 0.90
¼Total 100.00 100.00
Q«ÉuChemicalcomposition
iìôð Metabolizableenergy/MJ·kg-1 9.62 9.91
`ëÒCrudeprotein 11.72② 11.85②
½ñO^M( Aciddetergentfiber 22.17② 19.73②
8ñO^M( Neutraldetergentfiber 34.30② 30.80②
ÞCalcium 0.62② 0.56②
ÅPhosphorus 0.43② 0.40②
  •:①ƒ‘kg23²f8¦R:ß40mg;Þ40mg;ì40mg;
815mg;ˆ0.2mg;Õ0.2mg;0.3mg。②“ð
Note:① ThedietofperkilogramprovidedFe(FeSO4·7H2O)
of40mg,Mn(MnSO4·H2O)of20mg,Zn(ZnSO4·H2O)of40
mg,Cu(CuSO4·5H2O)of15mg,I(KI)of0.2mg,Co(CoCl2)
of0.2mg,Se(NaSeO3)of0.2mg.② Analyzedvaluesexceptme
tabolizableenergy
1.3 ú0åm®1*T`búÄU,c
íî#h‘²Á–â"jZâ"

‘²°Ê#
qcâQZâF»

¼juv‘²¹&À°w"jâ
~t
(Feed:Gain,F:G)。íî€8¢,W|§vy
ˆ¹&À
(drymater,DM)、` ëÒÀ(crudepro
tein,CP)、8ñO^M((neutraldetergentfiber,
NDF)、½ñO^M((aciddetergentfiber,ADF)、Þ
(Calcium,Ca)jÅ(Phosphorus,P)[15]。
1.4 m®e@
flí#29,30dj59,60d,ö°2dH.
Ñý9~

“uvð

¼juv!2~
(liveweight,
146
! " # $ !23"
LW)j²ù~。™šá24hw,™šÉx’à¸
¹{%GB/T20575-2006ÄêhñÍÂ2ÉxÎ
L5W

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²2~

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j™šæ

²2Íhæ

õhæ

x²2J5J
à͸W÷{%YhJ5„…ÎL NY/T1564
20075W,ˆ¼h~、á1/4²2~、Y¹%~、
s»h~

Ust~

á€~

¢€~j·ý~

1.5 ij,c
°¤EXCEL2003ï5íîGH。°¤SAS
V8ú¼JK,£¤ANOVA;S5WÖãJK,¤
Duncan³5Wø~tS。GH€a°¤uvG±
{%ã+Å
,犘<0.01j犘<0.05J*_ãR9œ
‹jœ‹Éu

2 mnU,c
2.1 G<¿óô+/ÁÊ;gvÑ"ЛoÔÕ
Ý+2vÀ,²f*úcM<;ká#30dI
LW jADFIIÕÖãR‹œ‹。II«ÜY;ká
#1~30d²ù~œ‹ÑÞ|ýË5«j<à«(犘
<0.05)。II«IF:G𜋃ÞIII«、IV«j
V«(犘<0.05),¶<à«jI«ãR‹œ‹。í
î€8Ž
,II«ILW œ‹ÑÞ<à«、III«jIV
«
(犘<0.05),9œ‹ÑÞV«(犘<0.01),¶I«
IãR‹œ‹
。II«30~60dIADGœ‹ÑÞ<
à«jIII«(犘<0.05),9œ‹ÑÞIV«jV«
(犘<0.01),¶I«IãR‹œ‹;I«30~60dI
ADGœ‹ÑÞIV«jV«(犘<0.05)。ÏïAí
î#ADG:Ú,II«ADGœ‹ÑÞ<à«jI«
(犘<0.05),9œ‹ÑÞIII«、IV«j V«(犘<
0.01),¶I«IãR‹œ‹;I«ADGœ‹ÑÞIII
«
、IV «j V «(犘<0.05),e²fcM*úf
0%~1%Ž,"#cM*ú"ùú;kÜYuv²
ù~œ‹ùú

e²fcM*úÉuf1%~3%
Ž

"#cM*ú"ùú;kÜYuv²ù~œ‹
ƒ

ïAíî#Iâ~tÚ
,II«F:G9œ‹ƒ
ÞIV«jV«(犘<0.01),œ‹ƒÞ<à«jIII
«
(犘<0.05),¶I«IãR‹œ‹。²f*úc
M<;k#IADFIIÕÖãR‹œ‹。
q2 G<¿óô+/ÁÊ;gv/„ú0åG‰§oÔÕ
Table2 Effectsof犃.犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊rootonthegrowthperformanceparametersoffinishingsheep
¿¥
Items
<à«
Controlgroup
I«
GroupI
II«
GroupII
III«
GroupIII
IV«
GroupIV
V«
GroupV
fÜ2~
Initialweight/kg
19.54±0.54a 19.52±1.13a 19.47±1.35a 20.39±1.12a 19.79±0.73a 19.52±0.40a
30d2~
Liveweight/kg
25.86±1.39a 25.90±2.04a 27.30±1.82a 25.78±1.90a 25.23±1.41a 24.93±0.75a
1~30dADG/g·d-1 210.83±39.52bc 212.67±31.19bc 261.00±30.78a 179.67±27.16c 181.38±39.82c 173.67±24.38c
1~30dADFI/g 957.02±84.31a 922.78±103.30a1021.91±121.09a 856.31±114.72a 915.86±62.76a 868.32±40.89a
1~30dF:G 4.59±0.43ab 4.40±0.30ab 3.98±0.50b 4.87±0.59a 5.21±0.59a 4.85±0.48a
60d€82~
Finalweight/kg
33.22±1.33bc 34.18±2.05ab 36.34±1.91a 32.75±2.49bc 31.83±1.01bc 31.42±1.44c
30~60dADG/g·d-1 245.27±45.75bc 276.00±31.32ab 301.33±28.61a 232.33±45.68bc 221.67±30.85c 216.33±31.66c
30~60dADFI/g 1070.55±76.50a 1067.72±102.01a1157.50±85.64a 1052.02±100.19a1026.93±136.78a966.46±120.02a
30~60dF:G 4.55±0.51a 3.89±0.39a 3.85±0.36a 4.58±0.72a 4.72±0.81a 4.49±0.41a
1~60dADG/g·d-1 228.05±20.62bc 244.33±38.86b 281.17±35.81a 202.67±33.03c 195.97±17.38c 198.33±24.38c
1~60dADFI/g 1049.01±80.31a 995.66±135.01a1029.73±129.69a 932.72±113.47a 967.70±118.8a 966.51±60.89a
1~60dF∶G 4.63±0.61ab 4.08±0.19bc 3.67±0.33c 4.46±0.31ab 4.81±0.621a 4.90±0.41a
  •:ŒW¬Œwx+ÅãR‹œ‹(犘>0.05),¬Sj¬MwxJ*+Ŝ‹(犘<0.05)j9œ‹(犘<0.01)。ADG:uv²ù~;ADFI:
uv¹&À°w"
;F:G:â~t。Œ
Note:Valuesinthesamelinewiththesamelettersarenosignificantdifference(犘>0.05),withadjacentlettersaresignificantdifference
(犘<0.05),withalternativelettersareverysignificantdifference(犘<0.01).ADG:averagedailygain;ADFI:averagedailyfeedintake;F∶
G:Feed∶Gain.Thesameasbelow
2.2 G<¿óô+/ÁÊ;gvÒ1ЛoÔ
Õ
Ý+3vÀ,²f*úcMI«jII«™š2
~œ‹ÑÞ|ýË5«j<à«
(犘<0.05),I«j
II«gh、|ýË5«¶<à«ãR‹œ‹。II«
²2~jõh~œ‹ÑÞI«jIII«(犘<0.05),
246
!3# –¡T:cM<;kÜYñ·QÍhñôIÕÖ
9œ‹ÑÞIV«、V«j<à«(犘<0.01)。²f
*úcM<íîË5«¶<૳~IÕÖãR‹
œ‹
。II«I™šæjõh朋ÑÞ|ý)Ë5
«j<à«
(犘<0.05),|ý)«ghãR‹œ‹。
II«²2Íh朋ÑÞ<à«、IV«j V«(犘
<0.05),¶I«jIII«ãR‹œ‹。
q3 Góô+/ÁÊ;gvÒ1ЛoÔÕ
Table3 Effectsof犃.犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊rootonthecarcassparametersoffinishingsheep
¿¥
Items
<à«
Controlgroup
I«
GroupI
II«
GroupII
III«
GroupIII
IV«
GroupIV
V«
GroupV
™š2~Slaughterweight/kg 31.73±0.31b 34.25±0.95a 35.50±0.67a 32.00±0.62b 30.81±0.45b 30.09±0.41b
²2~Carcassweight/kg 14.28±0.16c 15.98±0.45b 17.98±0.68a 14.92±0.51bc 14.36±0.83c 14.13±0.76c
õh~ Meatweight/kg 9.91±0.12c 11.37±0.31b 13.17±0.59a 10.55±0.61bc 9.98±0.35c 9.72±0.72c
³~Boneweight/kg 3.25±0.05a 3.33±0.05a 3.41±0.07a 3.13±0.15a 3.19±0.19a 3.26±0.25a
™šæDressingpercentage/% 45.01±0.42b 46.67±1.67b 50.65±1.11a 46.68±1.30b 46.59±2.04b 46.93±0.86b
õhæ Meatpercentage/% 31.25±0.42b 33.21±1.05b 37.10±1.03a 32.97±0.50b 32.38±1.91b 32.80±1.00b
h³t Meat/Bone 3.04±0.08bc 3.41±0.07b 3.86±0.25a 3.38±0.30bc 3.12±0.07bc 2.99±0.27c
²2Íhæ Meat/Carcass/% 69.43±0.80b 71.18±0.33ab 73.24±0.59a 70.69±2.94ab 69.52±0.50b 68.77±1.81b
2.3 G<¿óô+/ÁÊ;gvi/,joÔ
Õ
Ý+4vÀ,II«x²2J5qIY¹G%
jUst~œ‹ÑÞ|ýË5«j<à«
(犘<
0.05),|ýË5«¶<à«ãR‹œ‹。I«jII
«¼hjá€~œ‹ÑÞ V«(犘<0.05),¶<à
«
、III«jIV«ãR‹œ‹。II«Iá1/4²2
~œ‹ÑÞ<à«
、IV«j V«(犘<0.05),¶I
«jIII«ghãR‹œ‹。²f*úcMh~

¢€~j·ý~IÕÖãR‹œ‹

q4 Góô+/ÁÊ;gvi/,joÔÕ
Table4 Effectsof犃.犿犲犿犫狉犪狀犪犮犲狌狊rootonthecarcasscutweightoffinishingsheep kg
¿¥
Items
<à«
Controlgroup
I«
GroupI
II«
GroupII
III«
GroupIII
IV«
GroupIV
V«
GroupV
¼hNeck 0.29±0.07ab 0.39±0.09a 0.41±0.07a 0.29±0.05ab 0.31±0.04ab 0.25±0.07b
á1/4²2Forequarter 2.28±0.08b 2.59±0.08ab 2.71±0.10a 2.46±0.20ab 2.19±0.04b 2.05±0.09b
Y¹G%Rack 1.08±0.12b 1.28±0.08b 1.61±0.03a 1.15±0.09b 1.14±0.08b 1.07±0.08b
s»h Rump 0.17±0.01a 0.21±0.03a 0.24±0.02a 0.18±0.02a 0.18±0.01a 0.20±0.04a
UstLegchumpon 2.31±0.06b 2.37±0.28b 2.86±0.18a 2.45±0.14b 2.41±0.22b 2.31±0.15b
á€Foreshank 0.22±0.02ab 0.24±0.03a 0.25±0.03a 0.21±0.01ab 0.21±0.01ab 0.20±0.01b
¢€ Hindshank 0.36±0.01a 0.39±0.02a 0.40±0.03a 0.34±0.03a 0.34±0.01a 0.36±0.02a
·ýBreastandflap 0.13±0.02a 0.14±0.01a 0.18±0.05a 0.16±0.02a 0.14±0.03a 0.13±0.02a
3 œ
3.1 G<¿óôÁµºÑ"ûÊoÔÕ
²f*úcM6cMøü‡5‰×&Iñ·’
;

­È(
[11]
j Wang[15]Ì̀aœÅ²f*
úcMøüœ‹¦Ñ‰hØsuv²ù~
。Yuan

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