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作 者 ：吉利;孙卫邦

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2011年 29卷 6期 页码：691-695

关键词：紫花含笑；灰岩含笑；杂种F1代；花粉萌发；番红；

Keywords:Micheliacrassipes, M.calcicola, F1hybrids, Pollengermination, Safranin,

摘 要 ：对紫花含笑(Michelia crassipes)、灰岩含笑(M.calcicola)及其杂种F₁代花粉生活力进行了研究,为基于紫花含笑和灰岩含笑杂种F₁代的含笑属观赏植物新品种培育与种质创新提供科学数据及研究资料。研究发现,亲本(紫花含笑和灰岩含笑)新鲜花粉萌发率均可达90%以上,杂种F₁代花粉萌发率从38%到79%不等,平均为57.7%,低于双亲。亲本及其杂种F₁代花粉萌发的最适温度为25℃,温度过高花粉管的伸长受到抑制,并导致花粉管顶端破裂。亲本及多数杂种F₁代的新鲜花粉在100 g/L和150 g/L的蔗糖浓度下萌发率都较高;经-20℃贮藏后的花粉对蔗糖浓度的敏感性要高于新鲜花粉。杂种F₁代及其亲本的花粉在离体培养中均会出现双萌发管现象。番红染料对液体培养基中的花粉有致死和染色作用,有利于统计杂种F₁代及其亲本的花粉萌发率。

Abstract:Pollen germination of Michelia crassipes,M.calcicola and their F₁ hybrids were observed for providing the data for new cultivars selecting from the F₁ hybrids.The results revealed that fresh pollen of both M.crassipes and M.calcicola had high germination percentage of more than 90%.Fresh pollen of the F₁ hybrids was less vigorous than their parents,and the germination percentage varied from 38% to 79%,with an average of 57.7%.Temperature of 25℃ was optimum for pollen germination of the parents and their F₁ hybrids.The higher temperature could prevent pollen tube elongation and induce the top burst of the pollen tube.The fresh pollen of the parents and most of the F₁ hybrids germinated well and had higher germination percentage in sucrose concentrations of 100 g/L and 150 g/L.Pollen stored under-20℃ for one year were more sensitive to the sucrose concentration than fresh pollen.Two-tube pollen was examined in in-vitro cultured pollen of parents and the F₁ hybrids.Safranin could effectively dye and cause a death of the pollen cultured in the liquid medium,which is helpful with statistics of pollen germination.

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