摘 要 ：采用植物染色体常规压片技术,报道了中国柴胡属(Bupleurum L .)13种5变种24个居群的染色体数目,其中4种5变种为首次报道,同时报道了5种1变种的细胞核型.除天山柴胡两个居群、紫花鸭跖柴胡一个居群和北柴胡一个居群是多倍体外,其它均为二倍体.主要结论如下:(1)秦岭柴胡和细茎有柄柴胡处理为独立的种更为合适;紫花阔叶柴胡作为大叶柴胡变种的处理是合理的;黄花鸭跖柴胡处理为紫花鸭跖柴胡的变种是不合理的.(2)紫花鸭跖柴胡和北柴胡可能都是还没有被完全认识的复合类群,需要进一步研究.(3)x=7可能是柴胡属的原始基数.
Abstract:Chromosome numbers of 24 populations from 13 species and 5 varieties, as well as karyotype data from 5 species and 1 variety of Chinese Bupleurum L.were reported.All were diploids, except two populations of B.tianschanicum, one of B.commelynoideum and one of B.marginatum were polyploids.(1) B.longicaule var.giraldii and B.petiolulatum var.tenerum may be two independent species; it is more appropriate for B.boissieuanum to be treated as a variety of B.longiradiatum, whereas treating B.commelynoideum var.flaviflorum as a variety of B.commelynoideum may not be appropriate; (2)B.commelynoideum and B.chinense are complex groups, which require further study; (3) The ancestral basic chromosome number of Bupleurum L.is x=7, but this needs further evidence.