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作 者 ：张超仪;耿兴敏

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2012年 30卷 1期 页码：92-99

关键词：杜鹃花属；花粉活力；离体培养；染色法；

Keywords:Rhododendron, Pollen vitality, In vitro culture, Staining method,

摘 要 ：选取睫毛杜鹃(Rhododendron ciliatum)、多鳞杜鹃(Rhododendron polylepis)、薄皮杜鹃(Rhdodenron taronense)、映山红(Rhododendron simsii)、马银花(Rhododendron ovatum)和比利时杜鹃(Rhododendron hybridum)为研究对象,通过蔗糖、H₃BO₃、CaCl₂单因子及L₂₅(5³)正交试验对它们进行花粉萌发试验研究,比较I₂-KI染色法、TTC染色法、联苯胺染色法、MTT染色法4种花粉活力测定方法的不同。结果表明:蔗糖、H₃BO₃、CaCl₂及3因子交互效应对杜鹃花花粉萌发有显著影响。适宜的离体培养基配方依杜鹃花种类不同而不同,睫毛杜鹃为:蔗糖150 g/L+H₃BO₃ 0 mg/L+CaCl₂ 50 mg/L;映山红为: 蔗糖100 g/L+H₃BO₃ 100 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L;马银花为: 蔗糖50 g/L+H₃BO₃ 200 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L;比利时杜鹃为: 蔗糖150 g/L+H₃BO₃ 100 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L。MTT染色法是简单快速测定杜鹃花花粉活力的最适染色法。

Abstract:This experiment was conducted with the pollens grains of Rhododendron ciliatum,R.polylepis,R.taronense,R.simsii,R.ovatum,and R.hybridum.The effects of sucrose,H₃BO₃ and CaCl₂ single factor and orthogonal test L₂₅(5³) on Rhododendron pollen germination were investigated.The I₂-KI,TTC,benzi-dine-H₂O₂,and MTT methods were compared to find the fastest determination method of Rhododendron pollen vitality.The results indicated that sucrose,H₃BO₃,CaCl₂,and their interaction had great effects on the pollen germination of the six Rhododendron species.The optimal germination medium of pollen germination for 150 g/L+H₃BO₃ 0 mg/L+CaCl₂ 50 mg/L,for R.simsii was sucrose 100 g/L+H₃BO₃ 100 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L,for R.ovatum was sucrose 50 g/L+H₃BO₃ 200 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L and for R.hybridum was sucrose 150 g/L+H₃BO₃ 100 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L and sucrose 150 g/L+H₃BO₃ 100 mg/L+CaCl₂ 0 mg/L,respectively.MTT is the optimum and rapid staining method to determine pollen vitality of Rhododendron.

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