---

作 者 ：戴灵超;陶月红;张昭;张本刚;斯建勇;刘琰璐

期 刊 ：植物科学学报 2011年 29卷 3期 页码：392-397

关键词：表面活性剂；吐温；泊洛沙姆；卖泽；化感作用；

Keywords:Surfactants, Tween, Poloxamer, Myrij, Allelopathy,

摘 要 ：在植物中广泛存在着具有表面活性剂功能的物质,如皂苷、糖脂、磷脂等,这类物质的存在可增加水溶性较低的化合物的溶解度。在进行化感物质活性检测时,为了真实和准确地反映水溶性较低的化合物在自然条件下的溶解情况及生物活性,利用表面活性剂进行助溶是较为有效的手段。表面活性剂在以植物为受试对象的活性检测中应用不多,缺乏对其安全性的研究。本研究以小麦和白菜种子作为受试对象,对表面活性剂吐温80、吐温60、吐温40、吐温20,泊洛沙姆188以及卖泽52的安全性进行了研究,实验结果表明,各种助溶剂对小麦和白菜的安全浓度分别是:吐温80浓度为低于0.1%、低于1.5%(小麦、白菜,下同);吐温60浓度为低于0.5%、低于4.0%;吐温40浓度为低于0.1%、低于6.0%;吐温20浓度为等于0.1%、低于0.1%;泊洛沙姆188浓度为低于8.0%、低于4.0%;卖泽52浓度为低于1.0%、等于0.5%。吐温80、吐温60、吐温40和泊洛沙姆188安全范围较宽,在化感研究中可作为助溶剂使用;卖泽52和吐温20的安全浓度范围相对较窄,不建议用作化感研究中的助溶剂。

Abstract:There are many substances with similar function of surfactants in plant kingdom,such as saponin,glycolipid,phospholipid,etc,which play important roles in enhancing the solubility of some low water-soluble compounds.In order to reflect the solubility and bioactivity under nature condition of these compounds accurately and faithfully,using surfactants as cosolvents is an effective way in allelopathic bioassay research.However,there are only a few researches on the application of surfactants in plant bioassay and they are lack of safety investigation.In this paper,wheat and cabbage were chosen as test plants for studying the safety of surfactants.The safety concentration of wheat and cabbage are as follows respectively:Tween-80(<0.1%,<1.5%);Tween-60(<0.5%,<4.0%);Tween-40(<0.1%,<6.0%);Tween-20(=0.1%,<0.1%);Poloxamer-188(<8.0%,<4.0%);Myrij52(<1.0%,=0.5%).The safe concentration range of Tween-80,Tween-60,Tween-40 and Poloxamer-188 is wide,and can be used as cosolvents in allelopathic bioassay research.However,the concentration range of Myrij 52 and Tween-20 is relatively narrow,and may not be appropriate as cosolvents.

---