摘 要 ：富民枳(Poncirus polyandra S.Q.Ding et al.)是分布于云南省富民县的一个新枳属类型。在形态上,它不同于普通枳(P. trifoliata Raf.)。富民枳为常绿类型,子房10室,花瓣5—9,花丝35—43,一年开花2—3次。通过对富民枳、普通枳、金柑属及柑桔属的叶片谷氨酸草酰乙酸转氨酶(GOT)、6-磷酸葡萄糖变位酶(PGM)、6-磷酸葡萄糖异构酶(PGI)、过氧化物酶(PX)、苹果酸酶(ME)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)以及四唑氧化酶(TO)同工酶的比较后发现,富民枳独具Sod-1-M基因,具有稀有的To-2-R基因,在To-1及Got-3位点上,存在无效基因,这些结果表明,富民枳能够以种的地位存在于枳属中。在进化过程中,富民枳可能是联结枳属与柑桔属的“桥梁”。
Abstract:The Fuming trifoliate orange is rarely occurning wild Poncirus biotype growing in the primary mountain forests of Yunnan Province, southwestern China. It is different from the ordinary trifoliate orange ( P. trifoliata Raf. ) in morphology. It has 3-foliolate、evergreen leaves, ovary with 10 loculcs, petals 5—9, stamens 35—43, flowering 2—3 times in one year. Leaf extracts from this new biotype, ordinary trifoliate orange, Fortunella and Citrus were analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for isozymes of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), phosphoglucose mutase (PGM), phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI), peroxidase (PX), malie enzyme (ME), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tetrazolium oxidase (TO). Alleles for 14 loci, namely Got-1, Got-2, Got-3, Pgm-1, Pgm-2, Pgi-1, Pgi-2, Px, Me-1, Me-2, Sod-1, Sod-2, To-1 and To-2 were determined. Two specific M alleles of Sod-1, a rare R allele of To-2 and null genes at the loci of To-1 and Got-3 suggested that the Fuming trifoliate orange could be accepted as a new species of the genus Ponctrus—P. polyandra S. Q. Ding et al. This species may be an evolutionary bridge and one of the "missing links" between Poncirus and Citrus.