利用三体分析法进行谷子染色体基因定位。以豫谷1号三体1-7、四体8和四体9为母本，显性矮秆、法谷56-81、马青苗为父本，配置组合分别进行显性矮秆基因、白米基因和青米基因染色体定位。根据三体1-7植株形态特征和父本标志性状鉴定各自的杂种F1，采用细胞学方法，通过检查植株根尖染色体数来鉴定杂种F1的三体8和三体９。经调查和分析各种三体杂种F2性状分离情况，把显性矮秆基因定位在3号染色体，白米基因定位在4号染色体，青米基因定位在6号染色体。对不同区域的9个青米品种等位检测表明，这些青米基因都是等位基因。以两点测验法，配置组合1066A×法谷56-81和1066A×马青苗进行基因连锁分析。结果,4号染色体上糯性胚乳基因与白米基因间的交换值为（28.9±4.4）cM；6号染色体上1066A不育基因与青米基因间的交换值为（23.2±1.8）cM。
Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) Beauv.] is a kind of millet crops, its genetic research is relatively laggard as compared with other cereals such as maize, rice and wheat. Chromosome gene location analyses of agronomical important traits are rarely reported. Some basic knowledge about genes controlling important characteristics are important to improve breeding program. Our research group established a complete set of primary trisomic of foxtail millet in 1993, and began to conduct chromosome gene location by using the system in 1994. So far, we have identified that the waxy endosperm gene is located on chromosome 4, dwarf gene of An’ai 3 on chromosome 3, red glume gene and bristle gene on chromosome 1 and 2, the male-sterile gene of line 1066A and yellow seedling gene on chromosome 6 and 7 respectively. This research still conducted the chromosome gene location of foxtail millet by trisomic analysis. Crosses were made by using Yugu 1 primary trisomic series 1–7 and tetrasomics 8, 9 as female parents, dominant dwarf, Fagu 56-81 and Maqingmiao as male parents, so as to identify the locations of dominant dwarf gene, white millet gene and grey millet gene. Each F1 plant was identified according to plant morphological characteristics of primary trisomic series 1–7 and labeling traits of male parent; the trisomics 8, 9 of F1 plants were identified by checking chromosome number of plant root tip cells. Through investigating and analyzing the segregation of F2 populations, the dominant dwarf gene was located on chromosome 3, white millet gene on chromosome 4, grey millet gene on chromosome 6. Allelic test for 9 grey foxtail millet varieties obtained from different regions showed that these grey millet lins are all allele. Gene linkage analysis were carried out by using the segregating populations derived from cross combinations of 1066A×Fagu56-81 and 1066A×Maqingmiaoto. As a result, the exchange value between the waxy endosperm gene and white millet gene on chromosome 4 was (28.9±4.4) cM; and the exchange value between the sterile gene of 1066A and cyan-millet on chromosome 6 was (23.2±1.8) cM.
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