以棉花胚性愈伤组织作受体，用农杆菌介导法(农杆菌菌株为A1)将质粒载体pSG529上的异戊烯基转移酶（ipt）基因导入4个陆地棉品种，研究了不同基因型的遗传转化效率并建立了转基因再生植株的有效成苗技术体系。结果表明，在相同的转化条件下，不同基因型的转化效率差异较大，豫早1号和珂字201的遗传转化效率及植株再生能力显著高于豫棉4号和鄂棉23。降低培养基无机盐浓度，用Phytagel固化，能够提高胚萌发成苗率，降低畸形苗频率，在生根培养中添加少量活性碳提高了根系活力。再生植株长到3~5片真叶时，可以切除发褐根系，转移到新鲜的低盐培养基中，重新生根。在试管苗移栽过程中，采用逐步揭开封口膜，炼苗的措施，可以提高试管苗的环境适应能力，显著提高移栽成活效率。
To study the effect of genotypes on the efficiency of genetic transformation. The embryogenic calli of four cultivars YZ-1, Coker 312, Ym-4, and Em 23 were transformed by Agrobacterium strain A1 harbouring Psg 529 carrying isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt). The results showed that the transgenic efficiency was different in four cultivars under the same transgenic procedure. YZ-1 and Coker 201 showed higher genetic transformation and plant regeneration efficiencies than Ym-4 and Em 23. To optimize the procedure of somatic embryos germination, rooting and transplant, several factors were studied using somatic embryos of YZ-1 as material. The results showed that low concentration of inorganic salt in the embryo germination media, namely 1/2 MS inorganic salts, could increase the ratio of normal regenerated plant and help build stronger root systems. Phytagel was a better for solidifying the medium than Agar. Activated carbon added in rooting medium was proved to be helpful for root regeneration of somatic embryos. When the roots of some regenerated plantlets with 3–5 true leaves were brown due to a long culturing period in solid medium. They could rebuild stronger after the brown roots were removed and the plantlets were inoculated on fresh medium with low concentration of inorganic salt. The plantlets were stepwise opening the lids of culture bottles helped the regenerated plantlets accommodate the open circumstances.
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