Simian 3, with high yield and high lint percentage, have been one of the most excellent cotton cultivars in China and most extensively grown in Yangtze River cotton-growing valley. The genetics mechanism of high yield in Simian 3 is the key of great significance to high yield breeding. Both RIL population and B1, B2 and F2 generations derived from the cross Simian 3×Carmen, together with two parents and F1 generation, were grown in 3 environments at Nanjing city and Guanyun county, Jiangsu Province, to make a genetics analysis of high yield and its components for G. hirsutum cv. Simian 3. Jointly segregating analysis were used to analyze the genetics of lint yield and its components in the combination of Simian 3×Carmen by using the method of major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model. The optimum models of all traits were major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance models. The result indicated that there might be all major genes for yield and its components, and their expression could be greatly influenced by various environments. The genetics parameters of major genes were varied more greatly than those of the polygene, which indicated that the effect of environmental condition on the performance of the major gene was larger than that of the polygene. More environments should be used in genetic studies or breeding to improve the selection efficiency for the yield, which can be influenced sharp by environmental condition.
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