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作 者 ：周永红 伍碧华 颜济 杨瑞武 丁春邦 张利

期 刊 ：云南植物研究 2003年 25卷 04期 页码：1-3

关键词：蝴蝶花；扁竹兰鸢尾；细胞遗传学；种间杂种；减数分裂；染色体配对；细胞融合；

Keywords:Iris japonica,

摘 要 ：对Iris japonica、Iconfusa和它们的人工种间杂种花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体配对行为、形态学和繁育特征进行了分析，结果表明：(1)Ijaponica和Iconfusa的形态差异较小，杂种F1形态介于亲本之间；(2)人工杂交比较容易，杂种种子能正常发育；杂种F1体细胞染色体数为2n=30，减数分裂中期I染色体配对频率很高，为139个二价体，构型为095Ⅰ+595Ⅱ(棒形)+795Ⅱ(环形)+005Ⅲ+027Ⅳ，表明它们有相似的染色体组，亲缘关系很近；(3)杂种中有少量的三价体和四价体存在，可能是亲本染色体间发生了结构重排或是部分同源染色体配对；(4)杂种中大多数细胞存在2个单价体，有的高达8个单价体；花粉育性为5051%，不能正常结实，表明Ijaponica和Iconfusa间存在生殖隔离，是独立的生物学物种；(5)杂种F1减数分裂前期可观察到细胞融合，这可能是造成Ijaponica和Iconfusa不同居群出现多倍体和非整倍体的重要原因。

Abstract:Studies on morphology, fertility and chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of Iris japonica, I. confusa and their artificial hybrids were carried out. It is concluded from the results that: (1) Morpho-logically I. japonica was similar to I.confusa, and the general appearance of the interspecific hybrid pla-nts was intermediate between their parents. (2) It was easy to obtain the hybrid seeds, and most of the seeds germinated normally and developed into vigorous plants. The chromosome number was 30 in root-tip cells of the hybrid. The Fi hybrids showed a comparatively high chromosomal pairing in meiosis of pollen mother cells at MI with an average of 13.90 bivalents, and mean meiotic configuration was 0.95Ⅰ + 5.95Ⅱ (rod) +7.95Ⅱ (ring) + 0.05 Ⅲ + 0.27Ⅳ . This result indicated that I. japonica and I. confusa shared the highly homologous genomes and were closely related. etc.

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