Abstract:The Orchidaceae, with 265 taxa (species and infraspecies) in 75 genera, is the largest family of seed plants in the Gaoligong Mountains. Forty - five of the orchid genera (60) are primarily tropical while 29 (39) are primarily temperate. Forty- three of the genera (57) are terrestrial, 31 (41) are epi-phytic, and 3 (4) are saprophyuc.