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期 刊 ：植物遗传资源学报 2016年 17卷 5期

关键词：BNS；光温敏雄性不育；幼穗；内源激素；

Keywords:BNS, Thermo-photo-sensitive male sterility, Ear, Endogenous hormone,

摘 要 ：BNS是一种光温敏型小麦不育新类型，具有不育彻底、育性转换稳定等特性，对小麦杂种优势研究有重要价值。为研究内源激素在BNS育性调控中的作用，以秋播与春播BNS花粉发育的四分体期至三核期4个关键时期幼穗为实验材料，采用间接酶联免疫（ELISA）法分别测定了BNS不育和可育幼穗中生长素（IAA）、脱落酸（ABA）、赤霉素（GA3）和玉米素核苷（ZR）4种内源激素的含量变化。结果显示：（1）BNS在陕西关中地区正常秋播雄性不育、早春播雄性育性正常。（2）单核期和三核期是BNS温度敏感期，单核期均温高于15.35 ℃、三核期均温高于18.64 ℃时，BNS育性发生转换，雄性不育度随温度升高逐渐降低。(3) BNS在敏感期响应外界温度，4种内源激素的含量发生显著变化，调控育性表达；单核期不育幼穗中IAA、GA3和ZR含量比可育幼穗低21.9%、33.6%和30.2%，ABA含量反而增加23.4%；三核期不育幼穗ABA和ZR含量分别比可育幼穗高59.7%和31.4%，GA3则低44.0%，（4）与雄性可育幼穗相比，BNS雄性不育幼穗在单核期的IAA/GA3、ABA/GA3值偏高；二核期IAA/ABA值较低；三核期的IAA/GA3、ABA/GA3值较高，IAA/ABA值偏低。3个时期的IAA、ABA和 GA3比例失调，阻碍了小孢子正常发育，导致BNS雄性败育。研究认为：BNS在花粉发育的单核期和三核期对外界温度变化敏感，通过内源激素代谢调控自身育性转换。

Abstract:A new thermo-photo-sensitive wheat male sterile line BNS has features of thorough infertility and stable fertility transition and has important value in wheat heterosis researches . To study the temperature and endogenous hormone contents related to fertility transition at different development stages, BNS was designed to sow at five sowing dates in autumn and spring. The contents of heteroauxin (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA), gibberellin (GA3) and zeatin riboside (ZR) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to analyze the dynamic changes of endogenous phytohormones in ears of BNS male sterility and fertility at different development stages. The results showed that BNS was sterile at normal sowing date in autumn but fertile in early sowing in spring in Guanzhong area of shaanxi province. The sensitive fertility stages of BNS were uninucleate and trinucleate stages and the critical temperature of fertility alteration was 15.35℃ and 18.64℃ respectively. At uninucleate stage, the content of IAA, GA3 and ZR in sterility BNS were lower 21.9%、33.6%、30.2% respectively than those in fertility BNS, but those of ABA higher 23.4%. Moreover, at trinucleate stage, the contents of ABA and ZR in sterility were higher 59.7% and 31.4% than those in fertility one, but those of GA3 lower 44.0%. Furthermore, the imbalanced ratios of IAA/GA3, ABA/GA3 and IAA/ABA in BNS sterility had harmful effect on anther development of anthers and induced their sterility.

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