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Alkaloids from stems of Nauclea officinalis

胆木茎的生物碱类成分研究



全 文 :中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 47卷 第 17期 2016年 9月

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胆木茎的生物碱类成分研究
杨新全 1,陈德力 1,马国需 1, 2,许旭东 2*,何明军 1*
1. 中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院药用植物研究所海南分所,海南 海口 570311
2. 中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京 100193
摘 要:目的 研究胆木 Nauclea offcinalis茎枝生物碱类化学成分。方法 综合采用硅胶柱色谱、反相柱色谱及制备 HPLC
色谱等方法进行分离纯化,利用紫外、质谱及核磁共振谱等方法鉴定化合物的结构。结果 从胆木茎枝 70%乙醇提取物中
分离得到 13 个化合物,分别鉴定为 3-R-3,4-二氢牛眼马钱托林碱(1)、吐叶醇(2)、naucleofficine D(3)、1,2,3,4-四氢-β-
咔啉(4)、3-S-3,4-二氢牛眼马钱托林碱(5)、latifoliamide D(6)、latifoliamide B(7)、牛眼马钱托林碱(8)、3,14-二氢
狭花马钱碱(9)、3,14,18,19-四氢狭花马钱碱(10)、6′-乙酰基异长春花苷内酰胺(11)、喜果苷(12)、异长春花苷内酰
胺(13)。结论 化合物 2和 4为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物 6、7、9、10为首次从该植物中分离得到。
关键词:胆木;生物碱;吐叶醇;1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉;3,14-二氢狭花马钱碱;喜果苷
中图分类号:R284.1 文献标志码:A 文章编号:0253 - 2670(2016)17 - 2997 - 06
DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2016.17.007
Alkaloids from stems of Nauclea officinalis
YANG Xin-quan1, CHEN De-li1, MA Guo-xu1, 2, XU Xu-dong2, HE Ming-jun1
1. Hainan Branch Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical
College, Haikou 570311, China
2. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing
100193, China
Abstract: Objective To study the alkaloids from the stems of Nauclea officinalis. Methods The chemical constituents were
separated and purified by silica gel, ODS column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were determined by UV,
MS, and NMR spectroscopic analyses. Results Thirteen compounds were isolated from the stems of N. officinalis, the structures were
identified as 3-R-3,4-dihydroangustoline (1), blumenol A (2), naucleofficine D (3), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline (4), 3-S-3,4-
dihydroangustoline (5), latifoliamide D (6), latifoliamide B (7), angustoline (8), 3,14-dihydroangustine (9), 3,14,18,19-
tetrahydroangustine (10), 6′-acetyl-strictosamide (11), vincosamide (12), and strictosamide (13). Conclusion Compounds 2 and 4 are
obtained from the plants of Nauclea L. for the first time. Compounds 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, and 10 are obtained from N. officinalis for the first
time.
Key words: Nauclea officinalis Pierrc ex Pitard; alkaloid; blumenol A; 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline; 3,14-dihydroangustine; vincosamide

胆木 Nauclea offcinalis Pierrc ex Pitard为茜草
科(Rubiaceae)乌檀属 Nauclea L.乔木,又名乌檀、
山熊胆、熊胆木、黄羊木等,广泛分布于东南亚热
带及亚热带地区,如越南、柬埔寨、老挝、泰国、
马来西亚以及印度尼西亚[1]。在我国仅海南、云南、
广西一带深山有,为中海拔森林中少见的乔木树种,
为我国重点保护的珍稀野生植物物种之一[2],现海
南有大面积种植栽培。胆木干燥的茎枝及皮入药,
味苦,性寒,具有清热解毒、消肿止痛之功效,南
方民间常用于感冒发热、肺炎、肠炎、痢疾、湿疹、
皮疹、脓疡等多种感染和炎症疾病的治疗[3]。目前
国内以胆木茎枝为原料生产的中药制剂主要有胆木
注射液、胆木浸膏片及胆木浸膏糖浆,临床应用多
年,为一种清热解毒、抗菌消炎药,且疗效明确,

收稿日期:2016-05-20
基金项目:海南省重大科技项目“特色南药、黎药中成药药材种植推广及产品的二次开发”(ZDZX2013008-1)
作者简介:杨新全(1978—),男,山西朔州人,副研究员,硕士,主要从事南药研究与开发。Tel: 13876521118 E-mail: yangxinquan@sina.com
*通信作者 何明军(1979—),男,河南南阳人,副研究员,主要从事南药研究与开发。E-mail: hmj2008@163.com; xdxu2012@163.com
中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 47卷 第 17期 2016年 9月

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主治急性扁桃腺炎、急性咽喉炎、急性结膜炎及上
呼吸道感染[4]。文献报道胆木中化学成分主要有生
物碱及三萜等,但其活性物质尚不明确[5-9]。为进一
步探索胆木中的活性成分,本课题组对胆木茎枝的
化学成分进行了研究。从胆木茎枝 70%乙醇提取物
的二氯甲烷及醋酸乙酯萃取部位中分离鉴定出 13
个化合物,其中 12个生物碱,通过理化性质和波谱
学数据确定了其化学结构,分别为 3-R-3,4-二氢牛
眼马钱托林碱(3-R-3,4-dihydroangustoline,1)、吐
叶醇(blumenol A,2)、naucleofficine D(3)、1,2,3,4-
四氢-β-咔啉(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carboline,4)、
3-S-3,4-二氢牛眼马钱托林碱( 3-S-3,4-dihydro-
angustoline,5)、latifoliamide D(6)、latifoliamide B
(7)、牛眼马钱托林碱(angustoline,8)、3,14-二氢
狭花马钱碱(3,14-dihydroangustine,9)、3,14,18,19-
四氢狭花马钱碱(3,14,18,19-tetrahydroangustine,
10)、 6′-乙酰基异长春花苷内酰胺( 6′-acetyl-
strictosamide,11)、喜果苷(vincosamide,12)、异
长春花苷内酰胺(strictosamide,13)。其中化合物
2和 4为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物 6、7、
9、10为首次从胆木中分离得到。
1 仪器与材料
Bylabuv-III 灯(北京炳洋科技有限公司),
Bruker Avance III 600 型核磁共振波谱仪(德国
Bruker公司),美国 Thermo LTQ-Obitrap XL液质联
用仪(美国 Thermo 公司),BS223S 分析天平(北
京赛多利斯仪器系统有限公司),Lumtech高效液相
色谱仪(K501 四元低压半制备),RE-2000A 型旋
转蒸发仪(上海振捷实验设备有限公司),色谱柱为
YMC ODS(250 mm×10 mm,5 μm,日本 YMC
公司),CBL Photoelectron Technology 超声波清洗
仪(天津科贝尔光电技术有限公司)。柱色谱用硅胶
(100~200目,青岛海洋化工有限公司),薄层色谱
用硅胶 G、H、GF254(青岛海洋化工有限公司),常
规试剂均为分析纯,蒸馏水为实验室自制。
胆木茎枝药材由海南制药厂提供,采集于海南
省五指山市通什镇,经中国医学科学院药用植物研
究所海南分所郑希龙副研究员鉴定为胆木 Nauclea
offcinalis Pierrc ex Pitard的茎枝。
2 提取与分离
胆木茎枝(50.0 kg)干燥后粉碎,过 80目筛,
药材粉末加 10倍体积 70%乙醇加热回流提取 3次,
每次 2 h,合并提取液,减压回收溶剂,浓缩后得总
浸膏 2 042 g。总浸膏用水分散后,再加入 2%盐酸,
调 pH值至 2.0,静置 12 h后抽滤,滤液浓缩至一定
程度,用 10% NaOH溶液调 pH值至 9.0,依次用石
油醚、二氯甲烷、醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取 3次,收
集石油醚、二氯甲烷、醋酸乙酯和正丁醇部位,加
压浓缩回收溶剂,蒸干,得到不同部位的总生物碱,
最终得到石油醚部位浸膏 197 g、二氯甲烷部位浸膏
298 g、醋酸乙酯部位浸膏 286 g、正丁醇部位浸膏
429 g。
取二氯甲烷部位浸膏 80 g,经硅胶柱色谱分离,
以二氯甲烷-甲醇(100∶0→0∶100)梯度洗脱,得
到 70个流分 Fr. 1~70。其中 Fr. 7经 ODS柱色谱,
甲醇-水(65∶35)等度洗脱,半制备高效液相分离
纯化,得到化合物 1(12.3 mg);取 Fr. 30经 ODS
柱色谱,甲醇-水(62∶38)等度洗脱,半制备高效
液相分离纯化,得到化合物 2(20.4 mg);取 Fr. 50
经 ODS 柱色谱,甲醇-水(60∶40)等度洗脱,半
制备高效液相分离纯化,得到化合物 3(10.4 mg);
取 Fr. 60经 ODS柱色谱,甲醇-水(55∶45)等度
洗脱,半制备高效液相分离纯化,得到化合物 4(17.4
mg)和 5(14.8 mg);取 Fr. 70经 ODS柱色谱,甲
醇-水(42∶58)等度洗脱,半制备高效液相分离纯
化,得到化合物 6(10.2 mg)、7(9.8 mg)、8(11.3
mg)、9(14.4 mg)和 10(8.5 mg)。取醋酸乙酯部
位浸膏 80 g,经硅胶柱色谱分离,以二氯甲烷-甲醇
(100∶0→0∶100)梯度洗脱,得到 200 个流分,合
并为 10个部位 Fr. A~J。其中 Fr. D经ODS柱色谱,
甲醇-水(58∶42)等度洗脱,半制备高效液相分离纯
化,得到化合物 11(11.6 mg);取 Fr. F经ODS柱色
谱,甲醇-水系统(55∶45)等度洗脱,半制备高效液
相分离纯化,得到化合物 12(7.9 mg);取 Fr. H 经
ODS 柱色谱,甲醇-水(45∶55)等度洗脱,半制备
高效液相分离纯化,得到化合物 13(14.3 mg)。
3 结构鉴定
化合物 1:浅黄色固体,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 356.147
2 [M+Na]+ (C20H19N3O2Na,计算值 356.147 7);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 5.02 (1H, m, H-3),
5.12 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 12.6 Hz, H-5a), 3.06 (1H, dd,
J = 4.8, 12.6 Hz, H-5b), 3.89 (1H, dd, J = 4.2, 16.2
Hz, H-6a), 2.94 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.47 (1H, d, J = 7.8
Hz, H-9), 7.02 (1H, t, J = 8.4 Hz, H-10), 7.11 (1H, dt,
J = 1.2, 7.8 Hz, H-11), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-12),
2.89 (2H, dd, J = 10.2, 13.2 Hz, H-14a), 2.81 (2H, dd,
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J = 5.4, 13.2 Hz, H-14b), 9.04 (1H, s, H-17), 1.49 (3H,
d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-18), 5.27 (1H, q, J = 7.8 Hz, H-19),
8.88 (1H, s, H-21);13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6)
δ: 133.3 (C-2), 52.6 (C-3), 40.7 (C-5), 21.8 (C-6),
109.4 (C-7), 126.1 (C-8), 119.1 (C-9), 120.2 (C-10),
122.9 (C-11), 112.1 (C-12), 138.5 (C-13), 31.8 (C-14),
139.6 (C-15), 127.5 (C-16), 150.2 (C-17), 24.5 (C-18),
66.9 (C-19), 145.1 (C-20), 149.1 (C-21), 165.5
(C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一致[10],故鉴定化合
物 1为 3-R-3,4-二氢牛眼马钱托林碱。
化合物 2:白色无定形粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z:
247.135 3 [M+Na]+ (C13H20O3Na,计算值 247.136 0);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 5.87 (1H, brs, H-2),
5.78 (1H, d, J = 16.2 Hz, H-7), 5.78 (1H, dd, J = 4.2,
16.2 Hz, H-8), 4.30 (1H, m, H-9), 2.50 (1H, d, J =
16.8 Hz, H-2a), 2.16 (1H, d, J = 16.8 Hz, H-2b), 1.90
(3H, s, 13-Me), 1.25 (3H, d, J = 6.4 Hz, 10-Me), 1.04
(3H, s, 12-Me), 1.00 (3H, s, 11-Me);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 42.0 (C-1), 50.6 (C-2), 201.5 (C-3),
127.0 (C-4), 167.8 (C-5), 80.0 (C-6), 137.0 (C-7),
130.0 (C-8), 68.7 (C-9), 24.4 (C-10), 23.5 (C-11), 23.8
(C-12), 19.4 (C-13)。数据与文献报道基本一致[11],
故鉴定化合物 2为吐叶醇。
化合物 3:浅黄色固体,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 361.153 4
[M+Na]+ (C20H22N2O3Na,计算值 361.153 0);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 11.08 (1H, s, H-1),
5.04 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz, H-3), 4.80 (1H, dd, J = 5.4,
12.6 Hz, H-5a), 2.99 (1H, dd, J = 4.8, 12.6 Hz, H-5b),
2.80 (1H, m, H-6a), 2.60 (1H, dd, J = 14.4, 15.0 Hz,
H-6b), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-9), 6.98 (1H, t, J =
7.8 Hz, H-10), 7.06 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-11), 7.31
(1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-12), 2.91 (1H, td, J = 6.6, 13.6
Hz, H-14a), 2.25 (1H, d, J = 12.0 Hz, H-14b), 2.72
(1H, m, H-15), 2.41 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 8.4 Hz, H-16),
5.30 (1H, t, J = 4.2 Hz, H-17), 6.54 (1H, d, J = 3.6 Hz,
17-OH), 1.46 (3H, d, J = 6.6 Hz, H-18), 5.40 (1H, q,
J = 6.6 Hz, H-19), 4.64 (1H, d, J = 12.6 Hz, H-21a),
3.67 (1H, d, J = 12.6 Hz, H-21b);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 135.0 (C-2), 53.6 (C-3), 42.5 (C-5),
20.5 (C-6), 108.8 (C-7), 127.0 (C-8), 117.5 (C-9),
118.5 (C-10), 120.7 (C-11), 111.4 (C-12), 135.5
(C-13), 26.8 (C-14), 28.4 (C-15), 46.2 (C-16), 90.8
(C-17), 11.5 (C-18), 119.5 (C-19), 135.0 (C-20), 60.2
(C-21), 167.8 (C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一致[6],
故鉴定化合物 3为 naucleofficine D。
化合物 4:黄色粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 195.091 4
[M+Na]+ (C11H12N2Na,计算值 195.091 7);1H-NMR
(600 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 3.10, 3.60 (各 1H, s, H-1), 3.98
(1H, s, H-2), 3.68 (1H, t, J = 6.1 Hz, H-3), 3.12 (1H, t,
J = 6.0 Hz, H-4), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-5), 7.24
(1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-6), 7.30 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-7),
7.66 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-8), 12.2 (1H, s, H-9);
13C-NMR (150 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 41.2 (C-1), 42.4
(C-3), 19.5 (C-4), 107.0 (C-4a), 127.2 (C-4b), 118.5
(C-5), 120.7 (C-6), 122.8 (C-7), 111.9 (C-8), 137.5
(C-8a), 128.5 (C-9a)。数据与文献报道基本一致[12],
故鉴定化合物 4为 1,2,3,4-四氢-β-咔啉。
化合物 5:浅黄色固体,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 356.147 2
[M+Na]+ (C20H19N3O2Na,计算值 356.147 7);1H-
NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 5.02 (1H, m, H-3),
5.12 (1H, dd, J = 12.6, 5.4 Hz, H-5a), 3.06 (1H, dd,
J = 4.8, 12.6 Hz, H-5b), 3.91 (1H, dd, J = 4.2, 16.7
Hz, H-6a), 2.94 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 7.8
Hz, H-9), 7.00 (1H, dt, J = 1.2, 7.8 Hz, H-10), 7.11
(1H, dt, J = 1.2, 7.8 Hz, H-11), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 7.8
Hz, H-12), 2.89 (2H, m, H-14), 9.03 (1H, s, H-17),
1.64 (3H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-18), 5.17 (1H, q, J = 7.8
Hz, H-19), 8.73 (1H, s, H-21);13C-NMR (150 MHz,
DMSO-d6) δ: 133.3 (C-2), 52.6 (C-3), 40.5 (C-5), 21.8
(C-6), 109.4 (C-7), 126.1 (C-8), 119.1 (C-9), 120.2
(C-10), 122.7 (C-11), 112.1 (C-12), 138.5 (C-13), 31.8
(C-14), 139.6 (C-15), 127.5 (C-16), 150.8 (C-17), 24.5
(C-18), 66.5 (C-19), 145.3 (C-20), 149.2 (C-21), 166.0
(C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一致[10],故鉴定化合
物 5为 3-S-3,4-二氢牛眼马钱托林碱。
化合物 6:黄色颗粒状晶体(甲醇),HR-ESI-MS
m/z: 326.137 4 [M+Na]+ (C19H17N3ONa,计算值
326.137 2);1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 11.80
(1H, s, H-1), 5.19 (1H, dd, J = 3.6, 4.2 Hz, H-3), 4.78
(1H, m, H-5a), 2.96 (1H, m, H-5b), 2.91 (1H, m,
H-6a), 2.70 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.38 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 7.8
Hz, H-9), 7.04 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-10), 6.99 (1H, t, J =
7.8 Hz, H-11), 7.33 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 7.8 Hz, H-12),
3.32 (1H, m, H-14a), 2.96 (1H, m, H-14b), 9.24 (1H,
s, H-17), 2.20 (1H, s, H-19), 8.72 (1H, s, H-21);
13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 126.8 (C-2), 53.6
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(C-3), 42.2 (C-5), 20.4 (C-6), 111.4 (C-7), 127.0
(C-8), 116.5 (C-9), 117.7 (C-10), 118.5 (C-11), 114.5
(C-12), 134.5 (C-13), 28.7 (C-14), 138.8 (C-15), 119.4
(C-16), 151.0 (C-17), 18.2 (C-19), 135.1 (C-20), 148.4
(C-21), 166.1 (C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一致[13],
故鉴定化合物 6为 latifoliamide D。
化合物 7:黄绿色颗粒状晶体(甲醇),
HR-ESI-MS m/z: 375.178 3 [M+Na]+ (C21H24N2O3Na,
计算值 375.178 7);1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:
11.24 (1H, s, H-1), 5.03 (1H, dd, J = 3.6, 4.2 Hz, H-3),
4.86 (1H, m, H-5a), 2.86 (1H, m, H-5b), 2.79 (1H, m,
H-6a), 2.66 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.48 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 7.8
Hz, H-9), 7.14 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-10), 7.09 (1H, dd,
J = 2.4, 7.8 Hz, H-11), 7.32 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 7.8 Hz,
H-12), 2.62 (1H, m, H-14a), 2.58 (1H, m, H-14b),
2.74 (1H, dd, J = 4.8, 10.2 Hz, H-15), 4.20 (1H, d, J =
11.4 Hz, H-17a), 3.65 (1H, d, J = 11.4 Hz, H-17b),
1.69 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz, H-18), 5.70 (1H, q, J = 7.2
Hz, H-19), 4.97 (1H, s, H-21) 1.47 (3H, s, H-1′);
13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 137.8 (C-2), 54.2
(C-3), 39.7 (C-5), 20.4 (C-6), 116.8 (C-7), 127.0
(C-8), 106.5 (C-9), 118.7 (C-10), 120.5 (C-11), 111.5
(C-12), 136.1 (C-13), 26.3 (C-14), 35.8 (C-15), 69.4
(C-16), 21.0 (C-18), 126.8 (C-19), 135.1 (C-20), 73.4
(C-21), 161.6 (C-22), 19.4 (C-1′)。数据与文献报道基
本一致[13],故鉴定化合物 7为 latifoliamide B。
化合物 8:棕色颗粒状晶体(甲醇),HR-ESI-MS
m/z: 354.126 0 [M+Na]+ (C20H17N3O2Na,计算值
354.126 6);1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 11.83
(1H, s, H-1), 4.45 (2H, m, H-5), 3.11 (2H, t, J = 7.2
Hz, H-6), 7.60 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz, H-9), 7.09 (1H, d, J =
7.2 Hz, H-10), 7.29 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-11), 7.47
(1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz, H-12), 7.27 (1H, s, H-14), 9.27
(1H, s, H-17), 1.55 (3H, d, J = 6.0 Hz, H-18), 5.35
(1H, q, J = 7.2 Hz, H-19), 5.56 (1H, s, 19-OH), 8.78
(1H, s, H-21);13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:
127.8 (C-2), 136.3 (C-3), 40.2 (C-5), 20.0 (C-6), 114.4
(C-7), 125.3 (C-8), 119.5 (C-9), 119.7 (C-10), 124.3
(C-11), 111.5 (C-12), 138.5 (C-13), 93.7 (C-14), 138.4
(C-15), 118.8 (C-16), 149.0 (C-17), 25.1 (C-18), 63.7
(C-19), 134.8 (C-20), 147.4 (C-21), 161.1 (C-22)。数
据与文献报道基本一致[10],故鉴定化合 8为牛眼马
钱托林碱。
化合物 9:浅黄色粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 338.135 0
[M+Na]+ (C20H17N3Ona,计算值 338.135 4);1H-
NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 5.02 (1H, m, H-3), 3.07
(1H, dd, J = 4.2, 12.6 Hz, H-5a), 5.16 (1H, dd, J = 4.8,
12.6 Hz, H-5b), 2.97 (1H, m, H-6a), 2.97 (1H, m,
H-6b), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-9), 7.12 (1H, t, J =
8.4 Hz, H-10), 7.21 (1H, dt, J = 1.2, 7.8 Hz, H-11),
7.38 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-12), 2.87 (1H, dd, J = 12.6,
16.2 Hz, H-14a), 3.78 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 16.2 Hz,
H-14b), 9.14 (1H, s, H-17), 5.59 (1H, d, J = 11.4 Hz,
H-18a), 5.82 (1H, d, J = 17.4 Hz, H-18b), 6.92 (1H, q,
J = 7.8 Hz, H-19), 8.75 (1H, s, H-21);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 131.3 (C-2), 51.6 (C-3), 40.2 (C-5),
21.0 (C-6), 109.2 (C-7), 125.1 (C-8), 118.5 (C-9),
120.0 (C-10), 122.5 (C-11), 111.1 (C-12), 137.5
(C-13), 31.5 (C-14), 143.2 (C-15), 126.5 (C-16), 150.2
(C-17), 120.5 (C-18), 129.9 (C-19), 131.9 (C-20),
149.1 (C-21), 165.5 (C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一
致[14],故鉴定化合物 9为 3,14-二氢狭花马钱碱。
化合物 10:浅黄色粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z:
340.142 0 [M+Na]+ (C20H19N3ONa,计算值 340.142 4);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, CD3OD) δ: 5.01 (1H, m, H-3),
3.07 (1H, dd, J = 4.2, 12.6 Hz, H-5a), 5.16 (1H, dd,
J = 4.8, 12.6 Hz, H-5b), 2.97 (1H, m, H-6a), 2.97 (1H,
m, H-6b), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-9), 7.12 (1H, t,
J = 8.4 Hz, H-10), 7.21 (1H, dt, J = 1.2, 7.8 Hz, H-11),
7.39 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-12), 2.83 (1H, m, H-14a),
3.75 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 16.2 Hz, H-14b), 9.10 (1H, s,
H-17), 1.29 (1H, t, J = 7.8 Hz, H-18a), 2.82 (1H, q, J =
7.8 Hz, H-19), 8.45 (1H, s, H-21);13C-NMR (150
MHz, CD3OD) δ: 132.3 (C-2), 51.6 (C-3), 40.1 (C-5),
21.0 (C-6), 109.1 (C-7), 126.7 (C-8), 118.5 (C-9),
120.0 (C-10), 122.3 (C-11), 111.3 (C-12), 137.5
(C-13), 31.2 (C-14), 144.2 (C-15), 125.5 (C-16), 148.2
(C-17), 14.5 (C-18), 23.3 (C-19), 136.5 (C-20), 151.1
(C-21), 164.5 (C-22)。数据与文献报道基本一致[14],
故鉴定化合物 10为 3,14,18,19-四氢狭花马钱碱。
化合物 11:白色粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 563.204 7
[M+Na]+ (C28H32N2O9Na,计算值 563.204 4);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 10.96 (1H, s, N-H),
4.99 (1H, m, H-3), 4.80 (1H, dd, J = 6.6, 12.6 Hz,
H-5a), 2.99 (1H, J = 5.4, 12.6 Hz, H-5b), 2.82 (1H, m,
H-6a), 2.61 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.36 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz,
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H-9), 6.97 (1H, t, J = 7.2 Hz, H-10), 7.07 (1H, t, J =
8.4 Hz, H-11), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz, H-12), 2.49
(1H, m, H-14a), 1.87 (1H, dt, J = 6.6, 14.4 Hz,
H-14b), 2.61 (1H, m, H-15), 7.22 (1H, s, H-17), 5.34
(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 17.2 Hz, H-18a), 5.31 (1H, dd, J =
2.4, 11.4 Hz, H-18b), 5.59 (1H, dt, J = 11.2, 17.4 Hz,
H-19), 2.58 (1H, m, H-20), 5.18 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz,
H-21), 4.50 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-1′), 2.85 (1H, m,
H-2′), 3.08 (1H, m, H-3′), 3.02 (1H, m, H-4′), 3.38
(1H, m, H-5′), 4.22 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 12.8 Hz, H-6′a),
4.11 (1H, dd, J = 6.6, 12.8 Hz, H-6′b), 1.99 (3H, s,
COCH3);13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 134.5
(C-2), 52.4 (C-3), 42.4 (C-5), 20.6 (C-6), 108.5 (C-7),
126.9 (C-8), 117.9 (C-9), 118.5 (C-10), 121.0 (C-11),
111.3 (C-12), 136.2 (C-13), 25.6 (C-14), 23.4 (C-15),
107.5 (C-16), 146.5 (C-17), 119.9 (C-18), 133.9
(C-19), 43.1 (C-20), 96.5 (C-21), 163.5 (C-22), 99.4
(C-1′), 72.5 (C-2′), 76.4 (C-3′), 69.9 (C-4′), 73.5
(C-5′), 63.4 (C-6′), 170.2, 20.8 (COCH3)。数据与文献
报道基本一致[15],故鉴定化合物 11 为 6′-乙酰基异
长春花苷内酰胺。
化合物 12:白色粉末,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 521.195 6
[M+Na]+ (C26H30N2O8Na,计算值 521.196 1);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 10.96 (1H, s, N-H),
4.91 (1H, m, H-3), 5.00 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 12.6 Hz,
H-5a), 2.89 (1H, dd, J = 5.4, 12.6 Hz, H-5b), 3.00
(1H, m, H-6a), 2.61 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.43 (1H, d, J =
8.4 Hz, H-9), 6.97 (1H, td, J = 1.2, 8.4 Hz, H-10), 7.07
(1H, td, J = 1.2, 8.4 Hz, H-11), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 8.4
Hz, H-12), 2.51 (1H, m, H-14a), 1.30 (1H, dd, J =
11.4, 13.2 Hz, H-14b), 2.73 (1H, m, H-15), 7.32 (1H,
s, H-17), 5.34 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 17.2 Hz, H-18a), 5.17
(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 11.4 Hz, H-18b), 5.48 (1H, dt, J =
11.2, 17.4 Hz, H-19), 2.68 (1H, m, H-20), 5.41 (1H, d,
J = 2.4 Hz, H-21), 4.52 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-1′), 3.04
(1H, m, H-2′), 3.18 (1H, m, H-3′), 3.12 (1H, m, H-4′),
3.21 (1H, m, H-5′), 3.67 (1H, m, H-6′a), 3.44 (1H, m,
H-6′b);13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 136.2
(C-2), 52.4 (C-3), 42.4 (C-5), 20.6 (C-6), 108.5 (C-7),
126.2 (C-8), 117.9 (C-9), 118.5 (C-10), 121.2 (C-11),
111.1 (C-12), 136.2 (C-13), 31.0 (C-14), 25.8 (C-15),
107.2 (C-16), 146.5 (C-17), 119.9 (C-18), 133.9
(C-19), 42.4 (C-20), 94.9 (C-21), 162.5 (C-22), 97.9
(C-1′), 73.2 (C-2′), 77.2 (C-3′), 69.9 (C-4′), 76.5
(C-5′), 61.1 (C-6′)。数据与文献报道基本一致[10],故
鉴定化合物 12为喜果苷。
化合物 13:浅黄色固体,HR-ESI-MS m/z: 521.195
6 [M+Na]+ (C26H30N2O8Na,计算值 521.196 1);
1H-NMR (600 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ: 11.06 (1H, s, N-H),
5.01 (1H, brd, J = 4.2 Hz, H-3), 4.79 (1H, dd, J = 5.4,
12.6 Hz, H-5a), 2.99 (1H, m, H-5b), 2.80 (1H, m,
H-6a), 2.61 (1H, m, H-6b), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz,
H-9), 6.97 (1H, td, J = 0.6, 7.2 Hz, H-10), 7.07 (1H,
td, J = 1.2, 7.2 Hz, H-11), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz,
H-12), 2.51 (1H, m, H-14a), 1.89 (1H, td, J = 5.4, 13.2
Hz, H-14b), 2.60 (1H, m, H-15), 7.22 (1H, d, J = 1.8
Hz, H-17), 5.34 (1H, dd, J = 1.8, 20.4 Hz, H-18a),
5.32 (1H, m, H-18b), 5.58 (1H, dt, J = 9.6, 17.4 Hz,
H-19), 2.58 (1H, m, H-20), 5.31 (1H, m, H-21), 4.91
(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz, 2′-OH), 4.89 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz,
3′-OH), 4.87 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz, 4′-OH), 4.56 (1H, t,
J = 5.4 Hz, 6′-OH), 4.42 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz, H-1′),
2.81 (1H, m, H-2′), 3.11 (1H, m, H-3′), 2.79 (1H, m,
H-4′), 3.05 (1H, m, H-5′), 3.67 (1H, m, H-6′a), 3.42
(1H, m, H-6′b);13C-NMR (150 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ:
134.8 (C-2), 52.7 (C-3), 42.2 (C-5), 20.6 (C-6), 108.8
(C-7), 127.2 (C-8), 117.9 (C-9), 118.5 (C-10), 121.3
(C-11), 11.3 (C-12), 135.5 (C-13), 25.7 (C-14), 23.4
(C-15), 107.8 (C-16), 146.8 (C-17), 119.9 (C-18),
133.2 (C-19), 42.8 (C-20), 96.2 (C-21), 162.8 (C-22),
98.9 (C-1′), 72.6 (C-2′), 77.2 (C-3′), 69.8 (C-4′), 76.7
(C-5′), 61.2 (C-6′)。数据与文献报道基本一致[16],故
鉴定化合物 13为异长春花苷内酰胺。
参考文献
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