Abstract:Objective: To study the chemical constituents of essential oil from the root and rhizome of Valeriana alternifolia. Method: The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation. The components were separated and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and elucidated on the standard mass spectral data and the percentages were determined by gas chromatographic area normalization method. Result: Twenty eight constituents were identified, which make up 64.05% of the oil. Conclusion: Bornyl acetate is the main constituent, and other constituents include borneol, terpinyl acetate, α-curcumene, camphene, isovaleric acid, trans-β-farnesene, β-bisabolene, etc.