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Two new series and eight new species of Elatostema(Urticaceae)from Yunnan

云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种



全 文 :  Guihaia  Jun. 2016ꎬ 36 (增刊 1): 139-147
http: / / journal.gxzw.gxib.cn
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【原文刊载】 “云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种”已发表于«广西植物»ꎬ 2012ꎬ 32(4): 427-435.
云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
王文采
( 中国科学院植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室ꎬ 北京 100093 )
摘  要: 描述了自云南东南部发现的荨麻科楼梯草属 2新系和 8新种ꎮ
关键词: 荨麻科ꎬ 楼梯草属ꎬ 新系ꎬ 新种ꎬ 云南
中图分类号: Q949    文献标识码: A    文章编号: 1000 ̄3142(2016)增刊 1 ̄0139 ̄09
Two new series and eight new species of
Elatostema (Urticaceae) from Yunnan
WANG Wen ̄Tsai
( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botanyꎬ Institute of
Botanyꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciensesꎬ Beijing 100093ꎬ China )
Abstract: Two seriesꎬser. Parvioidaꎬbelonging to sect. Weddellia and ser. Malipoensiaꎬbelonging to sect. Elatostemaꎬ
and eight species of the genus Elatostema are described as new from Southeast YunnanꎬChina.
Key words: Urticaceaeꎬ Elatostemaꎬ new seriesꎬ new speciesꎬ Yunnan
楼梯草属 Elatostema J. R. & G. Forster
  组 1.小叶楼梯草组 sect. Weddellia (H.Schröter)
W. T. Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 17(1):107. 1979.
系 1. 拟小叶楼梯草系 ser. Parvioida W. T.
Wangꎬ ser. nov.
Series nova haec est affinis ser. Parvis W. T. Wangꎬ
a qua acheniis longitudinaliter costatis et inter costas tu ̄
berculatis differt.Folia semi ̄triplinervia. Capitula pistillata
sessiliaꎬreceptaculis parvis inconspicuis.
Type: E. parvioides W. T. Wang.
Species 1ꎬoccurring in southeastern Yunnan.
本系与小叶楼梯草系(ser. Parva)相近缘ꎬ与后
者的区别在于本系的瘦果具纵肋ꎬ并在纵肋之间具
瘤状突起ꎮ 在小叶楼梯草系ꎬ瘦果只具纵肋ꎬ无瘤状
突起(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
    拟小叶楼梯草  图 1: A ̄D
Elatostema parvioides W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. 1: A ̄D.
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 32 cm tallꎬnear base ca.
1 mm thickꎬabove densely antrorsely strigillose(with hairs
0.2 mm long)ꎬfrom below to above shortly 5 ̄branchedꎬ
with branches 2.5-4 cm long. Leaves shortly petiolate or
sessileꎻblades paperyꎬobliquely oblong or obliquely ellip ̄
ticꎬ(0.5-)1.5-6 × (0.4-)1-2.5 cmꎬapex acute or shortly
acuminateꎬbase obliquely cuneate or obliquely roundedꎬ
margin denticulateꎻsurfaces adaxially glabrousꎬabaxially
on nerves densely strigilloseꎻvenation semi ̄triplinervedꎬ
with 3-4 pairs of secondary nervesꎻcystoliths conspicu ̄
ousꎬdenseꎬbacilliformꎬ0.2-0.7 mm longꎻpetioles 0-3 mm
longꎻstipules greenꎬnarrow ̄ovate or lanceolateꎬ2-3.2 ×
收稿日期: 2012 ̄03 ̄15    修回日期: 2012 ̄04 ̄22
作者简介: 王文采(1926 ̄)ꎬ男ꎬ研究员ꎬ中国科学院院士ꎬ著名植物分类学家ꎬ长期从事有花植物分类学和植物地理学研究ꎮ
图 1  A ̄D. 拟小叶楼梯草  A. 开花茎上部ꎻ B. 雌头状花序ꎻ C. 雌小苞片和雌花ꎻ D. 瘦果ꎮ   E ̄H. 光苞楼梯草  E. 开花茎顶部ꎻ
F. 雄头状花序(下面观)ꎻ G. 雄头状花序(侧上面观)ꎻ H. 雄小苞片和 2雄花蕾ꎮ (据模式标本)
Fig. 1  A ̄D. Elatostema Parvioides  A. Apical part of flowering stemꎻ B. Pistillate capitulumꎻ C. Pistillate bracteoles and pistillate flowerꎻ
D. Achene.   E ̄H. E. glabribracteum  E. Apical part of flowering stemꎻ F. Staminate capitulumꎬseen from beneathꎻ G. The same
asꎬseen from over sideꎻ H. Four staminate bracteoles and two staminate flowers.(from holotype)
0.3-0.9 mmꎬglabrous. Staminate capitula unknown. Pistil ̄
late capitula singly axillaryꎬ1.5-3 mm in diam.ꎬsessileꎻ
receptacle smallꎬinconspicuousꎻbracts ca. 10ꎬlinearꎬca.
1 × 0. 3 mmꎬ densely ciliateꎻ bracteoles denseꎬ above
greenꎬbelow semi ̄hyalineꎬlinearꎬ0.5-1.2 × 0.15 mmꎬ
apex densely ciliate. Pistillate flower shortly pedicellate:
tepals absentꎻovary narrow ̄ellipsoidalꎬ ca. 0.3 mm longꎻ
stigma subgloboseꎬca. 0.1 mm in diam. Achenes brown ̄
ishꎬovoidꎬca. 0.6 × 0.3 mmꎬlongitudinally 6 ̄ribbed and
between ribs tuberculate.
    云南(Yunnan): 个旧(Gejiu)ꎬ曼耗(Manhao)ꎬ
沙珠底( Shazhudi)ꎬalt. 850 mꎬunder forest in lime ̄
041 广  西  植  物                                      36卷
stone hillꎬ2002 ̄09 ̄06ꎬ税玉民等(Y. M. Shui et al.)
15930 (holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
  系 2. 浅齿楼梯草系 ser. Crenata W. T. Wang in
Bull. Bot. Lab. N. ̄E. Forest. Inst. 7:58. 1980.
    光苞楼梯草  图 1: E ̄H
Elatostema glabribracteum W. T. Wangꎬ sp.
nov.Fig.1:E ̄H.
Species nova haec est affinis C. crenato W. T.
Wangꎬ quod foliis oblique oblongisꎬ eorum cystolithis
majoribus 0.5 - 1 mm longisꎬbracteis staminatis dorso
longitudinaliter 1 ̄costatis et apice corniculatis(Wangꎬ
1995).
Small subshrubsꎬ turning black after drying. Stems
ascendingꎬca. 45 cm longꎬnear base ca. 8 mm thickꎬbe ̄
low prostrate and rootingꎬglabrousꎬsimple. Leaves shortly
petiolateꎬglabrousꎻblades paperyꎬobliquely elliptic or ob ̄
liquely obovateꎬ9-16 × 3-8.5 cmꎬapex acuminate(acu ̄
men margins entire)ꎬbase obliquely cuneateꎬmargin a ̄
bove the middle repand or crenateꎻvenation pinnateꎬwith
9-10 pairs of secondary nervesꎻcystoliths inconspicuousꎬ
slightly denseꎬbacilliformꎬ0.1-0.5 mm longꎻpetioles 4-7
mm longꎻstipules narrow ̄lanceolateꎬ7-17 × 1.5-2.5 mmꎬ
glabrous. Staminate capitula singly axillaryꎬ ca. 2 cm
longꎬsessilyꎻreceptacle smallꎬinconspicuousꎻbracts 6ꎬ2 ̄
seriateꎬglabrousꎬouter bracts 2ꎬoppositeꎬlargerꎬovateꎬca.
9 × 7 mmꎬapex obtuseꎬinner bracts 4ꎬobliquely broadly
ovateꎬ6-7 × 5 mmꎻbracteoles denseꎬbrownishꎬsemi ̄hya ̄
lineꎬoblanceolate or linearꎬrarely oblanceolate ̄navicular
with cucullate apex and short horn ̄like projectionꎬ1.5-
3 × 0.2-1 mmꎬglabrous. Staminate flower buds ellipsoi ̄
dalꎬca. 1 mm longꎬglabrousꎬapex shortly 4 ̄corniculateꎻ
fruiting pedicels ca. 0.7 mm longꎬglabrous. Pistillate ca ̄
pitula unknown.
云南(Yunnan): 马关(Maguan)ꎬ古林箐(Gulin ̄
qing)ꎬ花鱼洞(Huayudong)ꎬunder rain forest in lime ̄
stone hillꎬ2002 ̄10 ̄17ꎬ税玉民ꎬ陈文红ꎬ盛家舒(Y. M.
ShuiꎬW. H. Chen & J. S. Sheng) 30803 (holotypeꎬ
PE)ꎮ
本种与浅齿楼梯草(E. crenatum W. T. Wang)在亲
缘关系上相近ꎬ与后者的区别:叶椭圆形或倒卵形ꎬ叶
的钟乳体较小ꎬ长 0.1~0.5 mmꎬ雄苞片无纵肋和角状突
起ꎮ 在浅齿楼梯草ꎬ叶呈长圆形ꎬ叶的钟乳体较大ꎬ长
0.5~1 mmꎬ雄苞片背面有 1条纵肋ꎬ顶端有角状突起
(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
    白托叶楼梯草  图 2: A ̄C
Elatostema albistipulum W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. 2: A ̄C.
Species nova haec est affinis E. bijiangensi W. T.
Wangꎬquod caulibus prope apicem puberulisꎬfoliis su ̄
pra strigillosis subtus ad nervos puberulisꎬstipulis mi ̄
noribus 8 mm longis 0.4 mm latisꎬpedunculis pistillatis
apice haud 1 ̄bracteatis facile distinguitur ( Wangꎬ
1995).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 40 cm tallꎬnear base ca.
5 mm thikꎬglabrousꎬ simpleꎬ longitudinally shallowly 4 ̄
sulcate. Leaves shortly petiolate or sessileꎬ glabrousꎻ
blades paperyꎬobliquely oblanceolate or obliquely narrow ̄
ellipticꎬ7-13 × 2.2-3.5 cmꎬapex long acuminate(acumen
margin below few ̄denticulate)ꎬbase obliquely cuneateꎬ
margin at leaf narrow side below entireꎬ above and at
broad side denticulateꎻvenation pinnateꎬwith 7-10 pairs
of secondary nervesꎻ cystoliths inconspicuousꎬ slightly
denseꎬ short ̄bacilliform or punctiformꎬ 0􀆰 05 - 0􀆰 1 mm
longꎻpetioles 0-2 mm longꎻstipules membranousꎬwhiteꎬ
linear ̄lanceolateꎬ14-17 × 3-4 mmꎬglabrousꎬ1 ̄nerved.
Staminate capitula unknown. Pistellate capitula singly ax ̄
illaryꎬca. 3 mm in diam.ꎻpeduncle robustꎬca. 0􀆰 3 mm
longꎬglabrousꎬ at apex 1 ̄bracteate ( bract membranousꎬ
whiteꎬbroad ̄triangularꎬca. 1 mm × 0.8 mmꎬsparsely cilio ̄
late)ꎻreceptacle ca. 1 mm in diam.ꎬglabrousꎻbracts ca.
20ꎬnarrow ̄triangular or sublinearꎬ0.8-1 × 0.2-0.4 mmꎬ
sparsely ciliolateꎻ bracteoles denseꎬmembranousꎬ green ̄
ishꎬlinearꎬ0.6-1.2 mm longꎬglabrous. Pistillate flower:
pedicel ca. 0.3 mm longꎬglabrousꎻtepals 3ꎬnarrow ̄line ̄
arꎬ 0. 3 mm longꎬ glabrousꎻ ovary ellipsoidalꎬ 0. 4 mm
longꎻstigma penicillateꎬ0.25 mm long.
    云南(Yunnan): 马关(Maguan)ꎬ古林箐(Gulin ̄
qing)ꎬ老房子 ( Laofangzi )ꎬ under everygreen broad ̄
leaved forest in limestone hillꎬ2002 ̄10 ̄11ꎬ税玉民ꎬ陈
文红ꎬ盛家舒(Y. M. ShuiꎬW. H. Chen & J. S. Sheng)
31199 (holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
本种与碧江楼梯草(E. bijiangense W.T.Wang)
近缘ꎬ与后者的区别在于本种的茎和叶无毛ꎬ托叶较
大ꎬ雌花序梗顶端有 1苞片ꎮ 在碧江楼梯草ꎬ茎近顶
端被短柔毛ꎬ叶上面被短糙伏毛ꎬ下面脉上被短柔毛ꎬ
托叶较小ꎬ长 8 mmꎬ雌花序梗无苞片(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
141增刊 1                          王文采: 云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图 2  A ̄C. 白托叶楼梯草  A. 开花茎顶部ꎻ B. 雌头状花序ꎻ C. 小苞片和雌花ꎮ   D ̄G. 狭苞楼梯草 
D. 开花茎顶部ꎻ E. 果序ꎻ F. 雌小苞片ꎻ G. 瘦果ꎮ (据模式标本)
Fig. 2  A ̄C. Elatostema albistipulum  A. Apical part of flwering stemꎻ B. Pistillate capitulumꎻ C. Pistillate bracteoles and pistillate flower.
  D ̄G. E. angustibracteum  D. Apical part of flowering stemꎻ E. Infructescenceꎻ F. Pistillate bracteolesꎻ G. Achene. (from holotype)
  组 2. 骤尖楼梯草组 sect. Elatostema
  系 1. 龙州楼梯草系 ser. Lungzhouensia W. T.
Wang in Fu et al. Paper Collection of W. T. Wang 2:
1148.2012.
狭苞楼梯草  图 2: D ̄G
Elatostema angustibracteum W. T. Wangꎬ sp.
nov. Fig. 2: D ̄G.
Species nova haec ab E. lungzhouensi W. T. Wang
differt caulibus retrorse strigillosisꎬfollis subtus ad ner ̄
vos strigillosis trinervibusꎬ capituli pistillati bracteis
pluribus ca. 20 anguste triangularibus. In E. lung ̄
zhouensiꎬcaules glabriꎬfolia glabra et semi ̄triplinerviaꎬ
et capituli pistillati bracteae inconspicuae vel paucaeꎬ
depresse triangulares.Habitu species nova E. balansae
241 广  西  植  物                                      36卷
Gagnep.(sect. Elatostema ser. Cuspidata W. T. Wang)
simillima estꎬ quod caulibus glabris vel subglabrisꎬ
bracteis pistillatis depresse deltoideis apice crasse cor ̄
niculatisꎬacheniis tantum longitudinaliter costatis haud
tuberculatis valde differt(Wangꎬ1995).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 35 cm tallꎬnear base ca.
2 mm thickꎬabove densely retrorsely strigillose(hairs 0.1
mm long)ꎬ simple. Leaves shortly petiolate or sessileꎻ
blades paperyꎬobliquely narrow ̄ellipticꎬ8-13 × 3.5-5
cmꎬapex acuminate ( acumen margin denticulate)ꎬbase
cuneate at narrow side and rounded or subauriculate at
broad sideꎬ margin denticulateꎻ surfaces adaxially gla ̄
brousꎬabaxially on nerves strigilloseꎻvenation trinervedꎬ
with 3 pairs of secondary nervesꎻcystoliths conspicuousꎬ
denseꎬbacilliformꎬ0.1-0.3 mm longꎻpetioles 0-3.5 mm
longꎻstipules greenishꎬnarrow ̄triangularꎬca. 7 × 1.2-1.5
mmꎬglabrousꎬ1 - 2 ̄green ̄nerved. Staminate capitula un ̄
known.Pistillate capitula singly axillaryꎬca. 4 mm in di ̄
am.ꎻpenduncle ca. 1.5 mm longꎬglabrousꎻreceptacle el ̄
lipticꎬca. 3.5 × 2.5 mmꎬglabrousꎻbracts ca. 20ꎬnarrow ̄
triangularꎬca. 0.8 × 0.2-0.3 mmꎬsubglabrousꎻbracteoles
denseꎬsemi ̄hyalineꎬlinearꎬ0.7-1 mm longꎬabove ciliate.
Achenes brownishꎬellipsoidalꎬca. 0.5 × 0.3 mmꎬlongitudi ̄
nally 7 ̄ribbed and between ribs tuberculate.
云南(Yunnan): 个旧(Gejiu)ꎬ曼耗(Manhao)ꎬ
沙珠底(Shazhudi)ꎬalt. 300 ~ 400 mꎬunder rain forest
in valleyꎬ2002 ̄09 ̄07ꎬ税玉民等(Y. M. Shui et al.)
15967 (holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
龙州楼梯草系(ser. Lungzhouensia)与骤尖楼梯
草系(ser. Cuspitata) (瘦果只具纵肋)相近缘ꎬ与后
者的区别是此系的瘦果除具纵肋之外还具瘤状突
起ꎮ 本种是龙州楼梯草系的第二个种ꎬ其与龙州楼
梯草(E. lungzhouense)的区别为其茎被反曲短糙伏
毛ꎬ叶下面脉上被短糙伏毛ꎬ具三出脉ꎬ雌头状花序
苞片较多ꎬ约 20枚ꎬ呈狭三角形ꎮ 在龙州楼梯草ꎬ茎
无毛ꎬ具半离基三出脉ꎬ雌头状花序的苞片不明显ꎬ
或少数ꎬ呈扁三角形ꎮ 本种在体态上与骤尖楼梯草
系(ser. Cuspidata)的华南楼梯草(E. balansae)极为
相似ꎬ但后者的茎无毛或近无毛ꎬ雌苞片扁正三角
形ꎬ顶端具粗角状突起ꎬ瘦果只具纵肋ꎬ不具瘤状突
起而明显区别(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
    系 2. 深绿楼梯草系 ser. Atroviridia W. T. Wang
in Fu et al. Paper Collection of W. T. Wang 2: 1149.
2012.
绿水河楼梯草  图 3: A ̄E
Elatostema lushuiheense W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. 3: A ̄E.
Species nova haec est fortasse affinis E. leiocephalo
W. T. Wangꎬquod foliis ciliolatisꎬbracteis pistillatis mi ̄
noribus depresse deltoideis 0.2-0.5 mm longisꎬbracteolis
pistillatis viridibus haud semi ̄hyalinis recedit.Habitu E.
cyrtandrifolio(Zoll. & Mor.) Miq. ( ser. Custidata W. T.
Wang)simillima estꎬquod capituli pistillati bracteis 6 api ̄
ce projecturis oblique ellipticis praeditisꎬacheniis longitu ̄
dinaliter costatis haud tuberculatis valde differt (Wangꎬ
1995).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 70 cm tall(according to
the collectors)ꎬglabrousꎬbranchedꎬlongitudinally shal ̄
lowly 4-6 ̄sulcate. Leaves shortly petiolate or sessileꎬgla ̄
brousꎻblades paperyꎬobliquely elliptic or obliquely obo ̄
vateꎬ4-14 × 1.5-6 cmꎬapex acuminate or shortly cuspi ̄
date(acumen margin entire)ꎬbase obliquely broadly cu ̄
neateꎬmargin denticulateꎻvenation semi ̄triplinervedꎬwith
3 pairs of secondary nervesꎻcystoliths conspicuousꎬdenseꎬ
bacilliformꎬ0.1-0.3 mm longꎻpetioles 0-2.5 mm longꎻ
stipules greenꎬsubulateꎬca. 2 × 0.1 mmꎬglabrous.Stami ̄
nate capitula unknown.Pistillate capitula singly axillaryꎬ7
-15 mm longꎻpeduncle ca. 4 mm longꎬglabrousꎻrecepta ̄
cle subrectangularꎬca. 9 × 6 mmꎬglabrousꎻbracts ca. 50ꎬ
greenishꎬnarrrow ̄triangularꎬ1.2-2 × 0.5-1 mmꎬmostly at
apex elongate into horn ̄like projections 0.5-2 mm longꎬ
rarely not corniculateꎬsparsely ciliolateꎻbracteoles denseꎬ
semi ̄hyalineꎬlinearꎬ1.2-2.5 × 0.1-0.3 mmꎬapex ciliatE.
Pistillate flower shortly pedicellate:tepals 2ꎬnarrow ̄line ̄
arꎬca. 0.2 mm longꎬglabrousꎻovary narrow ̄ovoidꎬca. 0.45
mm longꎻstigma subgloboseꎬca. 0.05 mm in diam.Achenes
yellowishꎬovoidꎬca. 0.8 × 0.5 mmꎬtuberculate.
云南(Yunnan): 个旧(Gejiu)ꎬ曼耗(Manhao)ꎬ
alt.700 mꎬon east slope of Lushui Riverꎬunder forest in
limestone hillꎬ2002 ̄10 ̄16ꎬ税玉民等(Y. M. Shui et
al. ) 14216 (holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
本种可能与深绿楼梯草系(ser. Atroviridia)中的
光序楼梯草(E. leiocephalum)相近缘ꎬ与后者的区别:
本种的叶无毛ꎬ雌苞片较大ꎬ狭三角形ꎬ雌小苞片白
色ꎬ半透明ꎮ 在光序楼梯草ꎬ叶有短缘毛ꎬ雌苞片很
小ꎬ扁正三角形ꎬ长 0.2~0.5 mmꎬ雌小苞片呈绿色ꎬ 不
341增刊 1                          王文采: 云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图 3  A ̄E. 绿水河楼梯草  A. 开花茎顶部ꎻ B. 雌头状花序ꎻ C. 雌苞片ꎻ D. 雌小苞片和雌花ꎻ E. 瘦果ꎮ  
F ̄I. 之曲楼梯草  F. 开花茎顶部ꎻ G. 果序ꎻ H. 雌苞片ꎻ I. 雌小苞片和瘦果ꎮ (据模式标本)
Fig.3  A ̄E. Elatostema lushuiheense  A. Apical part of flowering stemꎻ B. Pistillate capitulumꎻ C. Pistillate bractsꎻ
D. Pistillate bracteoles and pistillate flowerꎻ E. Achene.   F ̄I. E. flexuosum  F. Apical part of flowering stemꎻ
G. Infructescenceꎻ H. Pistillate bractsꎻ I. Two pistillate bracteoles and achene. (from holotype)
半透明ꎮ 本种在体态上与骤尖楼梯草系(ser. Cuspi ̄
data)的锐齿楼梯草(E. cyrtandrifolium)极为相似ꎬ但
后者的雌头状花序只有 6枚苞片ꎬ苞片顶端具斜椭圆
形片状突起ꎬ瘦果具 6条细纵肋ꎬ不具瘤状突起ꎬ而与
本种明显不同(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
之曲楼梯草  图 3: F ̄I
Elatostema flexuosum W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. F ̄I.
Species nova haec est affinis E. leiocephalo W. T.
Wangꎬquod caulibus superne haud fractiflexisꎬ stipulis
majoribus 5 mm longisꎬbracteis pistillatis minoribus de ̄
presse deltoideis 0.2-0.5 mm longis apice longe cornicu ̄
441 广  西  植  物                                      36卷
latis bene distinguitur(Wangꎬ1995).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 50 cm tall(according to
the collectors)ꎬglabrousꎬnear apex zigzag.Leaves shortly
petiolateꎬglabrousꎻblades paperyꎬobliquely narrow ̄obo ̄
vate or ellipticꎬ(4-)8.5-16 × (2.5-)3-5.5 cmꎬapex
acuminate(acumen margin at base at each side 1 ̄dentibu ̄
late)ꎬbase cuneate at narrow side and rounded at broad
sideꎬmargin dentate and denticulateꎻvenation semi ̄trip ̄
linervedꎬwith secondary nerves 4 at leaf narrow side and 6
at broad sideꎻcystoliths conspicuousꎬslightly denseꎬbacil ̄
liformꎬ0.1-0.25 mm longꎻpetioles 2-6 mm longꎻstipules
greenishꎬnarrow ̄triangularꎬca. 2 mm long.Staminate ca ̄
pitula unknown.Pistillate capitula singly axillaryꎬsessileꎻ
receptacle rectangularꎬca. 7 × 5 mmꎬglabrousꎻbracts ca.
50ꎬgreenꎬlinearꎬ1-1.4 × 0.2-0.3 mmꎬciliateꎻbracteoles
denseꎬsemi ̄hyalineꎬlinearꎬ0.6-1 × 0.1-0.3 mmꎬa ̄
bove ciliate. Achenes yellowishꎬ ovoidꎬ ca. 0. 8 × 0. 5
mmꎬtubeculate.
云南(Yunnan): 个旧(Gejiu)ꎬ曼耗(Manhao)ꎬ
沙珠底(Shazhudi)ꎬalt.300-400 mꎬunder rain forest in
valleyꎬ2002 ̄09 ̄07ꎬ税玉民等(Y.M.Shui et al.) 15970
(holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
本种与光序楼梯草(E. leiocephalum)近缘ꎬ与后
者的区别:本种的茎的上部之字形弯曲ꎬ托叶较小ꎬ
长 2 mmꎬ雌苞片较大ꎬ狭三角形ꎬ长 1~1.4 mmꎬ无任
何突起ꎬ被缘毛ꎮ 在光序楼梯草ꎬ茎上部不呈之字形
弯曲ꎬ托叶较大ꎬ长 5 mmꎬ雌苞片很小ꎬ呈扁正三角
形ꎬ长 0􀆰 2 ~ 0. 5 mmꎬ无毛ꎬ顶端有长角状突起
(Wangꎬ1995)ꎮ
  系 3. 麻栗坡楼梯草系 ser. Malipoensia W. T.
Wang & Zeng Y. Wuꎬser. nov.
Series nova haec est affinis ser. Nanchuanensibus
W. T. Wangꎬa qua acheniis tubecrulatis differt. Folia
penninerivia. Capitula pistillata breviter pedunculataꎬ
rceptaculis discoideis.
Type: E. malipoense W. T. Wang & Zeng Y. Wu.
Species 3ꎬoccurring in southeastern Yunnan.
本系与南川楼梯草系(ser. Nanchuanensia)相近
缘ꎬ与后者的区别在于本系的瘦果具瘤状突起ꎻ而在
南川楼梯草系ꎬ瘦果具纵肋ꎬ无瘤状突起 (Wangꎬ
1995)ꎮ
根据 2010年采自麻栗坡一号标本描述的麻栗
坡楼梯草(E. malipoense)ꎬ是本系被发现的第一个
种(Wu et al.ꎬ2011)ꎮ 最近从税玉民博士近年来在
云南东南部采集的大量植物标本中又发现了 2 种ꎬ
现在本文发表ꎮ
尾苞楼梯草  图 4: A ̄E
Elatostema caudiculatum W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. A ̄E.
Species nova haec ab E. malipoensi W. T. Wang
& Zeng Y.Wu differt caulibus foliisque glabrisꎬfoliorum
nervis secundariis 4 ̄jugisꎬstipulis majoribus 3-10 mm
longisꎬcapituli pistillati bracteis paucioribus ca. 30 an ̄
guste triangularibus apice longe graciliterque caudatis
sed haud corniculatis. In E. malipoensiꎬcaules puberu ̄
liꎬfolia utrinque strigillosaꎬeorum nervi secundarii 5-
7 ̄jugiꎬstipulae minores 0.1-0.2 mm longaeꎬet capituli
pistillati bracteae pluresꎬ ca. 75ꎬdepresse deltoideaeꎬ
apice corniculatae(Wu et al.ꎬ2011).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 60 cm tall(according to
the collectors)ꎬglabrousꎬbranchedꎬabove longitudlinally
shallowly 6 ̄sulcate. Leaves shortly petiolate or sessileꎬ
glabrousꎻblades thinly paperyꎬobliquely oblongꎬoblan ̄
ceolate or narrow ̄ellipticꎬ8-17 × 3.5-6 cmꎬapex acu ̄
minate or long acuminate(acumen margin entire)ꎬbase
obliquely cuneateꎬmargin at leaf narrow side below the
middle entire and above the middle and at broad side
denticulate or crenateꎻvenation pinnateꎬwith 4 pairs of
scondary nervesꎻcystoliths slightly conspicuousꎬdenseꎬ
bacilliformꎬ0.1-0.25 mm longꎻpetioles 0-5 mm longꎻ
stipules greenꎬnarrow ̄linear or subulateꎬ3-10 × 0.3-
1 mm. Staminate capitula unknown. Pistillate capitula
singly axillaryꎬ5-15 mm longꎻpeduncle 1-2 mm longꎬ
glabrousꎻreceptacle squared or quadrilateralꎬup to 10 ×
5 mmꎬglabrousꎻbracts ca. 30ꎬnarrow ̄triangular or line ̄
ar ̄triangularꎬ1 - 3 × 0. 3 - 1 mmꎬdensely ciliateꎬapex
thin caudate or long attenuateꎻbracteoles denseꎬabove
greenꎬlinearꎬ0.4-1 mm longꎬdensely long ciliateꎬwith
hairs 0. 4 - 0. 5 mm long. Achenes brownishꎬ ovoidꎬ ca.
0.7 × 0. 4 mmꎬmulti ̄tuberculateꎻ fruiting pedicels ca.
0.7 mm longꎬglabrousꎻpersistent tepals subsquaredꎬca.
0.3 mm long.
云南(Yunnan): 马关(Maguan)ꎬ古林箐(Gu ̄
linqing)ꎬ花鱼洞(Huayudong)ꎬunder forest in valleyꎬ
2002 ̄10 ̄08ꎬ税玉民ꎬ陈文红ꎬ盛家舒(Y. M. ShuiꎬW.
H. Chen & J. S. Sheng) 30910 (holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
541增刊 1                          王文采: 云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图 4  A ̄E. 尾苞楼梯草  A. 茎上部ꎻ B. 果序ꎻ C. 雌苞片ꎻ D. 雌小苞片和幼果ꎻ E. 瘦果ꎮ  
F ̄I. 长被楼梯草  F. 开花茎顶部ꎻ G. 雌头状花序ꎻ H. 雌花ꎻ I. 瘦果ꎮ (据模式标本)
Fig. 4  A ̄E. Elatostema caudiculatum  A. Upper part of stemꎻ B. Infructescenceꎻ C. Pistillate bractsꎻ
D. Piatillate bracteole and young acheneꎻ E. Achene.   F ̄I. E. longitepalum  F. Apical part of
flowering stemꎻ G. Pistillate capitulumꎻ H. Pistillate flwerꎻ I. Achene. ( from holotype)
    本种与麻栗坡楼梯草(E. malipoense)的区别在
于本种的茎和叶均无毛ꎬ叶的次级脉 4 对ꎬ托叶较
大ꎬ长 3~10 mmꎬ 雌头状花序的苞片较少ꎬ约 30枚ꎬ
狭三角形ꎬ顶端细长尾状ꎬ但并未形成角状突起ꎮ 在
麻栗坡楼梯草ꎬ茎被短柔毛ꎬ叶两面被短糙伏毛ꎬ叶
的次级脉为 5~7对ꎬ托叶较小ꎬ长 0.1~0.2 mmꎬ雌头
状花序的苞片较多ꎬ约 75枚ꎬ呈扁正三角形ꎬ顶端具
角状突起(Wu et alꎬ2011)ꎮ
长被楼梯草  图 4: F ̄I
Elatostema longitepalum W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. 4: F ̄I.
    Species nova haec ab E. malipoensi W. T. Wang
641 广  西  植  物                                      36卷
& Zeng Y.Wu caulibus glabrisꎬfoliorum laminis utrin ̄
que glabris vel tantum supra sparse strigosis et cysto ̄
lithis carentibusꎬ involucro pistillato ex bracteis pau ̄
cioribus ca. 12 glabris haud corniculatis constanteꎬflore
pistillato tepalis 2-3 subulato ̄linearibus 1.5-2.4 mm
longis longitudine ovarium 4 - 6 ̄plo superantibus et
stigmate depresse globoso praedito statim abhorret.In E.
malipoensiꎬcaules puberuliꎬ laminae foliorum utrinque
strigillosae et cystolithis densis praeditaeꎬ involucrum
pistillatum ex bracteis pluribus(ca. 75)ciliatis et dorso
puberulis constansꎬet flos pistillatus tepalis carens et
stigmate penicillato praeditus(Wu et alꎬ2011).
Perennial herbs. Stems ca. 20 cm tallꎬnear base
ca. 2 mm thickꎬglabrousꎬsimple. Leaves sessile or sub ̄
sessileꎻblades paperyꎬobliquely narrow ̄obovate or ob ̄
liquely oblongꎬ6-11 × 1􀆰 8-4 cmꎬapex long acuminate
(acumen margin at base 1 ̄denticulate at each side)ꎬ
base cuneate at narrow side and auriculate at broad
sideꎬ margin denticulateꎻ surfaces adaxially sparsely
strigose or glabrousꎬ abaxially glabrousꎻ venation pin ̄
nateꎬwith secondary nerves 5 et leaf narrow side and
6-8 at broad sideꎻcystoliths absentꎻstipules subulateꎬ
ca. 2 mm longꎬglabrous. Staminate capitula unknown.
Pistillate capitula singly axillaryꎬca. 4 mm in di ̄am.ꎬ
with denseꎬ numerous flowersꎻ peduncle ca. 2􀆰 2 mm
longꎬglabrousꎻ bracts ca. 12ꎬ with receptacle turning
black after dryingꎬnarrow ̄triangularꎬ1-1.2 × 0.5 mmꎬ
glabrousꎻbracteoles whiteꎬsemi ̄hyalineꎬnarrow ̄linearꎬ
ca. 0.5 mm longꎬglabrous. Pistillate flower:pedicel ca.
0.4 mm longꎬglabrousꎻtepals 2-3ꎬsemi ̄hyalineꎬsubu ̄
late ̄linearꎬ1.5-2.4 × 0􀆰 15-0.2 mmꎬglabrousꎻovary
narrow ̄ellipsoidalꎬca. 0.4 mm longꎻstigma appressed ̄
globoseꎬca. 0. 15 mm in diam. Achenes dark ̄brownꎬ
narrow ̄ovoidꎬca. 0.7 mm longꎬtuberculate.
    云南 ( Ynnnan ): 绿春 ( Lüchun )ꎬ 水文站
(Hydrological station)ꎬalt.1 600~1 700 mꎬ河滩(bot ̄
tom land)ꎬ 2006 ̄03 ̄12ꎬ税玉民ꎬ陈文红等 ( Y. M.
ShuiꎬW. H. Chen et al)70367(holotypeꎬ PE)ꎮ
本种与麻栗坡楼梯草(E. malipoense)的区别在
于本种的茎无毛ꎬ叶片两面无毛或只在上面疏被糙
伏毛ꎬ无钟乳体ꎬ雌总苞苞片较少ꎬ约 12枚ꎬ无毛ꎬ不
具角状突起ꎬ雌花的花被片 2 ~ 3 枚ꎬ钻状条形ꎬ长
1.5~2.4 mmꎬ比子房长 4 ~ 6 倍ꎬ柱头扁球形ꎮ 在麻
栗坡楼梯草ꎬ茎被短柔毛ꎬ叶片两面有短糙伏毛ꎬ有
密集的钟乳体ꎬ雌总苞苞片较多ꎬ约 75 枚ꎬ有缘毛ꎬ
背面被短柔毛ꎬ雌花无花被片ꎬ柱头呈画笔头状(Wu
et alꎬ2011)ꎮ
正如过去有关专著的楼梯草属形态描述
(Wedellꎬ1869ꎻ Hutchinsonꎬ1967)关于雌花的记载ꎬ
在我国此属的 200余种中ꎬ多数种的雌花无花被片ꎬ
如有花被片时ꎬ则花被片比子房短ꎬ而本种雌花的花
被片的长度超过子房的长度有 4~6 倍之多ꎬ是一非
常罕见的现象ꎮ
致谢  孙英宝先生为本文绘图ꎬ谨表深切感谢ꎮ
参考文献:
HUTCHINSON Jꎬ 1967. Elatostema[M] / / The genera of flowering
plants. Oxford:Clarendon Pressꎬ2:184.
WANG WTꎬ 1995. Elatostema[M] / / Flora Reipublicae Popularis
Sinicae. Beijing:Science Pressꎬ23(2):160 - 317. [王文采ꎬ
1995. 中国植物志. 北京:科学出版社ꎬ23(2):160-317.]
WANG WTꎬ 2012. Nova classificatio specierum sinicarum Ela ̄
tostematis (Urticaceae)[M] / / FU DZ (ed). Paper collection of
W.T.Wang. Beijing:Higher Education Pressꎬ2:1 061-1 178.
WEDDELL HAꎬ 1869. Elatostema [ M] / / DE CANDOLLE AP
(ed). Prodrumus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis.Parisꎬ 16
(1):171-191.
WU ZYꎬWANG WTꎬWANG Hꎬet alꎬ 2011. Two new species of
Elatostema ( Urticaceae) from southeast Yunnanꎬ China [ J].
Phytokeysꎬ7:57-62.
741增刊 1                          王文采: 云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种