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Meconopsis brachynema, a new species of Papaveraceae from Qinghai

短丝绿绒蒿, 青海罂粟科一新种



全 文 :  Guihaia  Jun. 2016ꎬ 36 (增刊 1): 231-232
http: / / journal.gxzw.gxib.cn
http: / / www.guihaia-journal.com
【原文刊载】 “短丝绿绒蒿ꎬ 青海罂粟科一新种”已于“中国知网”单篇优先数字出版ꎬ«广西植物»待刊ꎮ
短丝绿绒蒿ꎬ 青海罂粟科一新种
王文采
( 中国科学院植物研究所 系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室ꎬ 北京 100093 )
摘  要: 该文描述了自青海南部发现的罂粟科绿绒蒿属一新种ꎬ短丝绿绒蒿ꎮ 此种可能隶属琴叶绿绒蒿亚
属ꎬ滇西绿绒蒿组ꎬ滇西绿绒蒿系ꎬ与此系其它种的区别在于此种的披针状条形花瓣ꎬ较少、较短的雄蕊(花丝
长 1~5 mm)ꎬ无花柱的雌蕊ꎬ和被具短毛的硬毛的子房ꎮ
关键词: 罂粟科ꎬ 绿绒蒿属ꎬ 新种ꎬ 青海
中图分类号: Q949     文献标识码: A    文章编号: 1000 ̄3142(2016)增刊 1 ̄0231 ̄02
Meconopsis brachynemaꎬ a new species of
Papaveraceae from Qinghai
WANG Wen ̄Tsai
( State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botanyꎬ Institute of Botanyꎬ Chinese Academy of Sciencesꎬ Beijing 100093ꎬ China )
Abstract: One species of the genus Meconopsis (Papaveraceae)ꎬ M. brachynemaꎬ is described as new from southern ar ̄
ea of Qinghai Provinceꎬ China. It probably belongs to subgen. Cunmminsiaꎬ sect. Impeditaeꎬ ser. Impeditaeꎬ and from
the other species of ser. Impeditae differs in its lanceolate ̄linear petalsꎬ fewer and shorter stamens (with filaments only 1
-5 mm long)ꎬ non ̄styled pistilꎬ and ovary with stiffꎬ barbellate hairs.
Key words: Papaveraceaeꎬ Meconopsisꎬ new speciesꎬ Qinghai
    短丝绿绒蒿  图 1
Meconopsis brachynema W. T. Wangꎬ sp. nov.
Fig. 1. [ Subgen. Cummisia ( Prain ) Grey ̄Wilson
sect. Impeditae Grey ̄wilson ser. Impeditae]
Ob plantas monocarpicasꎬfolia omnia basalia pilis
simplicibus haud barbellatis tectaꎬ foliorum rosulas
parvas non sempervirentesꎬ flores solitarios e apicibus
scaporum basalium pilis simplicibus haud barbellatis
tectorum nascentesꎬ et staminum filamenta linearia
species nova haec ad subgen. Commisiamꎬ sect.
Ipeditasꎬ ser. Impeditas pertinet. In ser. Impeditisꎬ ea
petalis lanceolato ̄linearibus 4 - 7 mm latisꎬ staminibus
paucioribus minoribusꎬfilamentis multum brevioribus 1-
5 mm tantum longisꎬpistillo stylo carenteꎬet ovario pilis
rigidis barbellatis tecto valde insignis estꎬ et cum his
characteribus a speciebus ceteris ser. Impeditarum prae ̄
clare differt. In speciebus ceteris hujus serieiꎬ petala
obovataꎬovataꎬsuborbicularia vel elliptica 1.2-3.6 cm
lataꎬ stamina numerosa pistillo longiora vel eo
aequilongaꎬfilamenta 4 - 10 mm longaꎬ pistillum stylo
praeditumꎬet ovarium setis haud barbellatis tectum est.
Small monocarpic herb. Root unseen. Leaves nu ̄
merousꎬall basalꎻ blades thinly paperyꎬnarrow ̄ovateꎬ
narrow ̄obovate or oblanceolateꎬ1.5-3.5×0.8-1 cmꎬapex
收稿日期: 2016 ̄04 ̄29    修回日期: 2016 ̄06 ̄02
作者简介: 王文采(1926 ̄)ꎬ男ꎬ研究员ꎬ中国科学院院士ꎬ著名植物分类学家ꎬ长期从事有花植物分类学研究ꎮ
图 1  短尾绿绒蒿  A. 植株全形ꎻ B. 叶ꎻ
C. 雄蕊群和雌蕊ꎻ D. 子房具短毛的毛ꎮ
Fig. 1  Meconopsis brachynema  A. Habitꎻ B. Leafꎻ
C. Androecium and pistilꎻ D. Barbellate hair of ovary. (from holotype)
acuteꎬbase attenuate into linear petioleꎬmargin entireꎻ
surfaces adaxially and abaxially densely appressed ̄hir ̄
suteꎬwith hairs simpleꎬwhitishꎬ2-4 mm longꎻ midrib
adaxially flatꎬ abaxially prominentꎻ petioles flattenedꎬ
linearꎬ1.5-3.5 cm longꎬbelow braodenedꎬadaxially and
abaxially appressed ̄hirsute. Scape solitaryꎬ ca. 19 cm
tallꎬ2 mm in diam.ꎬdensely and retrorsely hirsuteꎬwith
hairs simpleꎬyellowithꎬ2-4.5 mm long. Flower solitary
and terminal on scape apexꎬupwards facingꎬca. 8 cm in
diam. Sepals caducousꎬ unseen. Petals 5ꎬ red ̄purple
(according to the field notes of holotype)ꎬthinly mem ̄
branousꎬlanceolate ̄linearꎬat base braodenedꎬca. 5 cm
long. at base ca. 7 mm broadꎬand above the middle 4-7
mm broadꎬapex truncate ̄rounded. Stamens ca. 20ꎬ3-7
mm longꎬglabrousꎻ filaments whitishꎬlinear or oblongꎬ1
-5 mm longꎻ anthers oblongꎬ1.8-2.4×0.8-1.1 mm. Pis ̄
till slightly longer than the longest stamensꎻ ovary de ̄
pressed ̄globoseꎬ ca. 6 × 7 mmꎬ densely appressed ̄
hirsuteꎬwith hairs antrorseꎬyellowithꎬbarbellateꎬ1.5-2
mm longꎻ style absentꎻ stigma slightly smaller than the
ovaryꎬin dried state dark ̄blueꎬsubgloboseꎬca. 5.5 mm
in diam.ꎬsmoothꎬglabrous.
青海 (Qinghai): 玉树县ꎬ上巴塘ꎬ熊羌沟
(Yushu XianꎬShangbatangꎬXiongqiang Valley)ꎬalt. 4
700 mꎬ高山草甸 ( on alpine meadow)ꎬ花红紫色
(fls. red ̄purple)ꎬ1964 ̄06 ̄20ꎬ采集人名字不详(col ̄
lector name unknown)116 (holotypeꎬPE)
本种为一次结果小草本植物ꎬ叶多数全部基生ꎬ
被无短毛的毛ꎬ叶丛小ꎬ不常绿ꎬ花单生于基生花葶
(被无短毛的毛)的顶端ꎬ雄蕊花丝条形ꎻ根据这些
特征ꎬ按照 Grey ̄Wilson 的绿绒蒿属分类系统ꎬ本种
当隶属于琴叶绿绒蒿亚属ꎬ滇西绿绒蒿组ꎬ滇西绿绒
蒿系 [ subgen. Cummisia ( Prain ) Grey ̄Wilsonꎬ
sect. Impeditae Grey ̄Wilsonꎬ ser. Impeditae ]ꎮ 在
ser. Impeditaeꎬ本种与此系的其他种的区别在于本种
的花瓣呈披针状条形ꎬ宽仅 4~7 mmꎬ雄蕊数目较少
(约 20)ꎬ较短小ꎬ花丝只长 1 ~ 5 mmꎬ雌蕊无花柱ꎬ
子房被具短毛的硬毛(barbellate hairs)ꎮ 在 ser. Im ̄
peditae的其他种ꎬ花瓣呈倒卵形、卵形、近圆形或椭
圆形ꎬ宽 1.2 ~ 3.6 cmꎬ雄蕊比雌蕊长或等长ꎬ花丝长
4~ 10 mmꎬ雌蕊具花柱ꎬ子房被无短毛的刚毛(bris ̄
tles) (Grey ̄Wilsonꎬ2014)ꎮ
在 2016 年 3 月间当我在 PE 观察绿绒蒿属已
定名的标本的过程中ꎬ发现本种的 holotype 在 1977
年被误定为 Meconopsis napaulensis DC.ꎬ 根据 Grey ̄
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232 广  西  植  物                                      36卷