全 文 :书广 西 植 物 Guihaia 32(4):427-435 2012 年 7 月
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-3142.2012.04.001
云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
王文采
(中国科学院 植物研究所系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室,北京100093)
摘 要:描述了自云南东南部发现的荨麻科楼梯草属2新系和8新种。
关键词:荨麻科;楼梯草属;新系;新种;云南
中图分类号:Q949 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-3142(2012)04-0427-09
* Two new series and eight new species of
Elatostema(Urticaceae)from Yunnan
WANG Wen-Tsai
(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany,Institute of
Botany,Chinese Academy of Scienses,Beijing 100093,China)
Abstract:Two series,ser.Parvioida,belonging to sect.Weddellia and ser.Malipoensia,belonging to sect.Elatoste-
ma,and eight species of the genus Elatostemaare described as new from southeastern Yunnan,China.
Key words:Urticaceae;Elatostema;new series;new species;Yunnan
楼梯草属Elatostema J.R.&G.Forster
组1.小叶楼梯草组sect.Weddelia(H.Schrter)
W.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax.Sin.17(1):107.1979.
系1.拟小叶楼梯草系ser.Parvioida W.T.
Wang,ser.nov.
Series nova haec est afinis ser.Parvis W.T.
Wang,aqua achenis longitudinaliter costatis et inter
costas tuberculatis difert.Folia semi-triplinervia.Capit-
ula pistilata sessilia,receptaculis parvis inconspicuis.
Type:E.parvioides W.T.Wang.
Species 1,occurring in southeastern Yunnan.
本系与小叶楼梯草系ser.Parva相近缘,与后
者的区别在于本系的瘦果具纵肋,并在纵肋之间具
瘤状突起。在小叶楼梯草系,瘦果只具纵肋,无瘤状
突起(Wang,1995)。
拟小叶楼梯草 图1:A-D
Elatostema parvioides W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
Fig.1:A-D.
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.32cm tal,near base ca.
1mm thick,above densely antrorsely strigilose(with
hairs 0.2mm long),from below to above shortly 5-
branched,with branches 2.5-4cm long.Leaves shortly
petiolate or sessile;blades papery,obliquely oblong or
obliquely eliptic,(0.5-)1.5-6×(0.4-)1-2.5cm,
apex acute or shortly acuminate,base obliquely cuneate
or obliquely rounded,margin denticulate;surfaces adaxi-
aly glabrous,abaxialy on nerves densely strigilose;ve-
nation semi-triplinerved,with 3-4pairs of secondary
nerves;cystoliths conspicuous,dense,baciliform,0.2-
0.7mm long;petioles 0-3mm long;stipules green,nar-
row-ovate or lanceolate,2-3.2×0.3-0.9mm,gla-
brous.Staminate capitula unknown.Pistilate capitula
singly axilary,1.5-3mm in diam.,sessile;receptacle
smal,inconspicuous;bracts ca.10,linear,ca.1×0.3
mm,densely ciliate;bracteoles dense,above green,below
semi-hyaline,linear,0.5-1.2×0.15mm,apex densely
ciliate.Pistilate flower shortly pedicelate:tepals ab-
sent;ovary narrow-elipsoidal,ca.0.3mm long;stigma
* 收稿日期:2012-03-15 修回日期:2012-04-22
作者简介:王文采(1926-),男,山东济南人,研究员,中国科学院院士,著名植物分类学家,长期从事有花植物分类学和植物地理学研究。
图1 A-D.拟小叶楼梯草 A.开花茎上部;B.雌头状花序;C.雌小苞片和雌花;D.瘦果。 E-H.光苞楼梯草 E.开花茎顶部;
F.雄头状花序(下面观);G.雄头状花序(侧上面观);H.雄小苞片和2雄花蕾。(据模式标本)
Fig.1 A-D.Elatostema Parvioides A.apical part of flowering stem;B.pistilate capitulum;C.pistilate bracteoles and pistilate flower;
D.achene. E-H.E.glabribracteum E.apical part of flowering stem;F.staminate capitulum,seen from beneath;G.the same
as,seen from over side;H.four staminate bracteoles and two staminate flowers.(from holotype)
subglobose,ca.0.1mm in diam.Achenes brown-
ish,ovoid,ca.0.6×0.3mm,longitudinaly 6-ribbed
and between ribs tuberculate.
云南(Yunnan):个旧(Gejiu),曼耗(Manhao),
沙珠底(Shazhudi),alt.850m,under forest in lime-
stone hil,2002-09-06,税玉民等(Y.M.Shui et al.)
15930(holotype,PE)。
系2.浅齿楼梯草系ser.Crenata W.T.Wang
in Bul.Bot.Lab.N.-E.Forest.Inst.7:58.1980.
光苞楼梯草 图1:E-H
Elatostema glabribracteum W.T.Wang,sp.
nov.Fig.1:E-H.
Species nova haec est affinis C.crenato W.T.
Wang,quod folis oblique oblongis,eorum cysto-
824 广 西 植 物 32卷
lithis majoribus 0.5-1mm longis,bracteis stami-
natis dorso longitudinaliter 1-costatis et apice cor-
niculatis(Wang,1995).
Smal subshrubs,turning black after drying.Stems
ascending,ca.45cm long,near base ca.8mm thick,be-
low prostrate and rooting,glabrous,simple.Leaves
shortly petiolate,glabrous;blades papery,obliquely elip-
tic or obliquely obovate,9-16×3-8.5cm,apex acumi-
nate(acumen margins entire),base obliquely cuneate,
margin above the middle repand or crenate;venation pin-
nate,with 9-10pairs of secondary nerves;cystoliths in-
conspicuous,slightly dense,baciliform,0.1-0.5mm
long;petioles 4-7mm long;stipules narrow-lanceolate,
7-17×1.5-2.5mm,glabrous.Staminate capitula sin-
gly axilary,ca.2cm long,sessily;receptacle smal,incon-
spicuous;bracts 6,2-seriate,glabrous,outer bracts 2,op-
posite,larger,ovate,ca.9×7mm,apex obtuse,inner
bracts 4,obliquely broadly ovate,6-7×5mm;bracte-
oles dense,brownish,semi-hyaline,oblanceolate or line-
ar,rarely oblanceolate-navicular with cuculate apex and
short horn-like projection,1.5-3×0.2-1mm,gla-
brous.Staminate flower buds elipsoidal,ca.1mm long,
glabrous,apex shortly 4-corniculate;fruiting pedicels ca.
0.7mm long,glabrous.Pistilate capitula unknown.
云南(Yunnan):马关(Maguan),古林箐(Gulin-
qing),花鱼洞(Huayudong),under rain forest in lime-
stone hil,2002-10-17,税玉民,陈文红,盛家舒(Y.M.
Shui,W.H.Chen &J.S.Sheng)30803(holotype,PE)。
本种与浅齿楼梯草E.crenatum W.T.Wang在亲
缘关系上相近,与后者的区别:叶椭圆形或倒卵形,叶
的钟乳体较小,长0.1-0.5mm,雄苞片无纵肋和角状
突起。在浅齿楼梯草,叶呈长圆形,叶的钟乳体较大,
长0.5-1mm,雄苞片背面有1条纵肋,顶端有角状突
起(Wang,1995)。
白托叶楼梯草 图2:A-C
Elatostema albistipulum W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
Fig.2:A-C.
Species nova haec est affinis E.bijiangensi W.
T.Wang,quod caulibus prope apicem puberulis,fo-
lis supra strigilosis subtus ad nervos puberulis,
stipulis minoribus 8mm longis 0.4mm latis,pedu-
nculis pistilatis apice haud 1-bracteatis facile dis-
tinguitur(Wang,1995).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.40cm tal,near base ca.
5mm thik,glabrous,simple,longitudinaly shalowly 4-
sulcate.Leaves shortly petiolate or sessile,glabrous;
blades papery,obliquely oblanceolate or obliquely nar-
row-eliptic,7-13×2.2-3.5cm,apex long acuminate
(acumen margin below few-denticulate),base obliquely
cuneate,margin at leaf narrow side below entire,above
and at broad side denticulate;venation pinnate,with 7-
10pairs of secondary nerves;cystoliths inconspicuous,
slightly dense,short-baciliform or punctiform,0.05-
0.1mm long;petioles 0-2mm long;stipules membra-
nous,white,linear-lanceolate,14-17×3-4mm,gla-
brous,1-nerved.Staminate capitula unknown.Pistelate
capitula singly axilary,ca.3mm in diam.;peduncle ro-
bust,ca.0.3 mm long,glabrous,at apex 1-bracteate
(bract membranous,white,broad-triangular,ca.1mm×
0.8mm,sparsely ciliolate);receptacle ca.1mm in di-
am.,glabrous;bracts ca.20,narrow-triangular or sublin-
ear,0.8-1×0.2-0.4mm,sparsely ciliolate;bracteoles
dense,membranous,greenish,linear,0.6-1.2 mm
long,glabrous.Pistilate flower:pedicel ca.0.3mm
long,glabrous;tepals 3,narrow-linear,0.3mm long,
glabrous;ovary elipsoidal,0.4mm long;stigma peni-
cilate,0.25mm long.
云南(Yunnan):马关(Maguan),古林箐(Gulin-
qing),老房子(Laofangzi),under everygreen broad-
leaved forest in limestone hil,2002-10-11,税玉民,陈
文红,盛家舒(Y.M.Shui,W.H.Chen &J.S.Sheng)
31199(holotype,PE)。
本种与碧江楼梯草E.bijiangense W.T.Wang近
缘,与后者的区别在于本种的茎和叶无毛,托叶较大,
雌花序梗顶端有1苞片。在碧江楼梯草,茎近顶端被
短柔毛,叶上面被短糙伏毛,下面脉上被短柔毛,托叶
较小,长8mm,雌花序梗无苞片(Wang,1995)。
组2.骤尖楼梯草组sect.Elatostema
系1.龙州楼梯草系ser.Lungzhouensia W.
T.Wang in Fu et al.Paper Colection of W.T.
Wang 2:1148.2012.
狭苞楼梯草 图2:D-G
Elatostema angustibracteum W.T.Wang,sp.
nov.Fig.2:D-G.
Species nova haec ab E.lungzhouensi W.T.Wang
difert caulibus retrorse strigilosis,folis subtus ad ner-
9244期 王文采:云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图2 A-C.白托叶楼梯草 A.开花茎顶部;B.雌头状花序;C.小苞片和雌花。 D-G.狭苞楼梯草
D.开花茎顶部;E.果序;F.雌小苞片;G.瘦果。(据模式标本)
Fig.2 A-C.Elatostema albistipulum A.apical part of flwering stem;B.pistilate capitulum;C.pistilate bracteoles and pistilate flower.
D-G.E.angustibracteum D.apical part of flowering stem;E.infructescence;F.pistilate bracteoles;G.achene.(from holotype)
vos strigilosis trinervibus,capituli pistilati bracteis
pluribus ca.20anguste triangularibus.In E.lung-
zhouensi,caules glabri,folia glabra et semi-triplinervia,
et capituli pistilati bracteae inconspicuae vel paucae,
depresse triangulares.Habitu species nova E.balansae
Gagnep.(sect.Elatostemaser.Cuspidata W.T.Wang)
similima est,quod caulibus glabris vel subglabris,
bracteis pistilatis depresse deltoideis apice crasse cor-
niculatis,achenis tantum longitudinaliter costatis haud
tuberculatis valde difert(Wang,1995).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.35cm tal,near base ca.
2mm thick,above densely retrorsely strigilose(hairs 0.1
mm long),simple.Leaves shortly petiolate or sessile;
blades papery,obliquely narrow-eliptic,8-13×3.5-5
034 广 西 植 物 32卷
cm,apex acuminate(acumen margin denticulate),base
cuneate at narrow side and rounded or subauriculate at
broad side,margin denticulate;surfaces adaxialy gla-
brous,abaxialy on nerves strigilose;venation trinerved,
with 3pairs of secondary nerves;cystoliths conspicuous,
dense,baciliform,0.1-0.3mm long;petioles 0-3.5
mm long;stipules greenish,narrow-triangular,ca.7×1.2
-1.5mm,glabrous,1-2-green-nerved.Staminate ca-
pitula unknown.Pistilate capitula singly axilary,ca.4
mm in diam.;penduncle ca.1.5mm long,glabrous;re-
ceptacle eliptic,ca.3.5×2.5mm,glabrous;bracts ca.
20,narrow-triangular,ca.0.8×0.2-0.3mm,subgla-
brous;bracteoles dense,semi-hyaline,linear,0.7-1mm
long,above ciliate.Achenes brownish,elipsoidal,ca.0.5
×0.3mm,longitudinaly 7-ribbed and between ribs tu-
berculate.
云南(Yunnan):个旧(Gejiu),曼耗(Manhao),
沙珠底(Shazhudi),alt.300-400m,under rain for-
est in valey,2002-09-07,税玉民等(Y.M.Shui et
al.)15967(holotype,PE)。
龙州楼梯草系ser.Lungzhouensia与骤尖楼梯
草系ser.Cuspitata(瘦果只具纵肋)相近缘,与后者
的区别是此系的瘦果除具纵肋之外还具瘤状突起。
本种是龙州楼梯草系的第二个种,其与龙州楼梯草
E.lungzhouense的区别为其茎被反曲短糙伏毛,叶
下面脉上被短糙伏毛,具三出脉,雌头状花序苞片较
多,约20枚,呈狭三角形。在龙州楼梯草,茎无毛,
具半离基三出脉,雌头状花序的苞片不明显,或少
数,呈扁三角形。本种在体态上与骤尖楼梯草系
ser.Cuspidata的华南楼梯草E.balansae极为相
似,但后者的茎无毛或近无毛,雌苞片扁正三角形,
顶端具粗角状突起,瘦果只具纵肋,不具瘤状突起而
明显区别(Wang,1995)。
系2.深绿楼梯草系ser.Atroviridia W.T.
Wang in Fu et al.Paper Colection of W.T.Wang 2:
1149.2012.
绿水河楼梯草 图3:A-E
Elatostema lushuiheense W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
Fig.3:A-E.
Species nova haec est fortasse afinis E.leiocephalo
W.T.Wang,quod folis ciliolatis,bracteis pistilatis mi-
noribus depresse deltoideis 0.2-0.5mm longis,bracteo-
lis pistilatis viridibus haud semi-hyalinis recedit.Habitu
E.cyrtandrifolio(Zol.& Mor.)Miq.(ser.Custidata
W.T.Wang)similima est,quod capituli pistilati bracteis
6apice projecturis oblique elipticis praeditis,achenis
longitudinaliter costatis haud tuberculatis valde difert
(Wang,1995).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.70cm tal(according to
the colectors),glabrous,branched,longitudinaly shal-
lowly 4-6-sulcate.Leaves shortly petiolate or sessile,
glabrous;blades papery,obliquely eliptic or obliquely
obovate,4-14×1.5-6cm,apex acuminate or shortly
cuspidate(acumen margin entire),base obliquely broadly
cuneate,margin denticulate;venation semi-triplinerved,
with 3pairs of secondary nerves;cystoliths conspicuous,
dense,baciliform,0.1-0.3mm long;petioles 0-2.5
mm long;stipules green,subulate,ca.2×0.1mm,gla-
brous.Staminate capitula unknown.Pistilate capitula
singly axilary,7-15mm long;peduncle ca.4mm long,
glabrous;receptacle subrectangular,ca.9×6mm,gla-
brous;bracts ca.50,greenish,narrrow-triangular,1.2-2
×0.5-1mm,mostly at apex elongate into horn-like
projections 0.5-2mm long,rarely not corniculate,
sparsely ciliolate;bracteoles dense,semi-hyaline,linear,
1.2-2.5×0.1-0.3mm,apex ciliate.Pistilate flower
shortly pedicelate:tepals 2,narrow-linear,ca.0.2mm
long,glabrous;ovary narrow-ovoid,ca.0.45mm long;
stigma subglobose,ca.0.05mm in diam.Achenes yel-
lowish,ovoid,ca.0.8×0.5mm,tuberculate.
云南(Yunnan):个旧(Gejiu),曼耗(Manhao),
alt.700m,on east slope of Lushui River,under for-
est in limestone hil,2002-10-16,税玉民等(Y.M.
Shui et al.)14216(holotype,PE)。
本种可能与深绿楼梯草系ser.Atroviridia中的
光序楼梯草E.leiocephalum相近缘,与后者的区别:
本种的叶无毛,雌苞片较大,狭三角形,雌小苞片白
色,半透明。在光序楼梯草,叶有短缘毛,雌苞片很
小,扁正三角形,长0.2-0.5mm,雌小苞片呈绿色,
不半透明。本种在体态上与骤尖楼梯草系ser.Cus-
pidata的锐齿楼梯草E.cyrtandrifolium 极为相似,
但后者的雌头状花序只有6枚苞片,苞片顶端具斜椭
圆形片状突起,瘦果具6条细纵肋,不具瘤状突起,而
与本种明显不同(Wang,1995)。
之曲楼梯草 图3:F-I
Elatostema flexuosum W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
1344期 王文采:云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图3 A-E.绿水河楼梯草 A.开花茎顶部;B.雌头状花序;C.雌苞片;D.雌小苞片和雌花;E.瘦果。
F-I.之曲楼梯草 F.开花茎顶部;G.果序;H.雌苞片;I.雌小苞片和瘦果。(据模式标本)
Fig.3 A-E.Elatostema lushuiheense A.apical part of flowering stem;B.pistilate capitulum;C.pistilate bracts;
D.pistilate bracteoles and pistilate flower;E.achene. F-I.E.flexuosum F.apical part of flowering stem;
G.infructescence;H.pistilate bracts;I.two pistilate bracteoles and achene.(from holotype)
Fig.F-I.
Species nova haec est afinis E.leiocephalo W.T.
Wang,quod caulibus superne haud fractiflexis,stipulis
majoribus 5mm longis,bracteis pistilatis minoribus de-
presse deltoideis 0.2-0.5mm longis apice longe cornic-
ulatis bene distinguitur(Wang,1995).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.50cm tal(according to
the colectors),glabrous,near apex zigzag.Leaves shortly
petiolate,glabrous;blades papery,obliquely narrow-obo-
vate or eliptic,(4-)8.5-16×(2.5-)3-5.5cm,apex
acuminate(acumen margin at base at each side 1-dentib-
ulate),base cuneate at narrow side and rounded at broad
side,margin dentate and denticulate;venation semi-trip-
linerved,with secondary nerves 4at leaf narrow side and
234 广 西 植 物 32卷
6at broad side;cystoliths conspicuous,slightly dense,ba-
ciliform,0.1-0.25mm long;petioles 2-6mm long;
stipules greenish,narrow-triangular,ca.2 mm long.
Staminate capitula unknown.Pistilate capitula singly ax-
ilary,sessile;receptacle rectangular,ca.7×5mm,gla-
brous;bracts ca.50,green,linear,1-1.4×0.2-0.3
mm,ciliate;bracteoles dense,semi-hyaline,linear,
0.6-1×0.1-0.3mm,above ciliate.Achenes yel-
lowish,ovoid,ca.0.8×0.5mm,tubeculate.
云南(Yunnan):个旧(Gejiu),曼耗(Manhao),沙
珠底(Shazhudi),alt.300-400m,under rain forest in
valey,2002-09-07,税玉民等(Y.M.Shui et al.)15970
(holotype,PE)。
本种与光序楼梯草E.leiocephalum 近缘,与后
者的区别:本种的茎的上部之字形弯曲,托叶较小,
长2mm,雌苞片较大,狭三角形,长1-1.4mm,无
任何突起,被缘毛。在光序楼梯草,茎上部不呈之字
形弯曲,托叶较大,长5mm,雌苞片很小,呈扁正三
角形,长0.2-0.5mm,无毛,顶端有长角状突起
(Wang,1995)。
系3.麻栗坡楼梯草系ser.Malipoensia W.T.
Wang &Zeng Y.Wu,ser.nov.
Series nova haec est afinis ser.Nanchuanensibus
W.T.Wang,aqua achenis tubecrulatis difert.Folia
penninerivia.Capitula pistilata breviter pedunculata,
rceptaculis discoideis.
Type:E.malipoense W.T.Wang &Zeng Y.Wu.
Species 3,occurring in southeastern Yunnan.
本系与南川楼梯草系ser.Nanchuanensia相近缘,
与后者的区别在于本系的瘦果具瘤状突起;而在南川
楼梯草系,瘦果具纵肋,无瘤状突起(Wang,1995)。
根据2010年采自麻栗坡一号标本描述的麻栗坡
楼梯草E.malipoense,是本系被发现的第一个种(Wu
等,2011)。最近从税玉民博士近年来在云南东南部采
集的大量植物标本中又发现了2种,现在本文发表。
尾苞楼梯草 图4:A-E
Elatostema caudiculatum W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
Fig.A-E.
Species nova haec ab E.malipoensi W.T.Wang &
Zeng Y.Wu difert caulibus folisque glabris,foliorum
nervis secundaris 4-jugis,stipulis majoribus 3-10mm
longis,capituli pistilati bracteis paucioribus ca.30an-
guste triangularibus apice longe graciliterque caudatis sed
haud corniculatis.In E.malipoensi,caules puberuli,folia
utrinque strigilosa,eorum nervi secundari 5-7-jugi,
stipulae minores 0.1-0.2mm longae,et capituli pistil-
lati bracteae plures,ca.75,depresse deltoideae,apice cor-
niculatae(Wu et al.,2011).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.60cm tal(according to
the colectors),glabrous,branched,above longitudlinaly
shalowly 6-sulcate.Leaves shortly petiolate or sessile,
glabrous;blades thinly papery,obliquely oblong,oblance-
olate or narrow-eliptic,8-17×3.5-6cm,apex acumi-
nate or long acuminate(acumen margin entire),base ob-
liquely cuneate,margin at leaf narrow side below the
middle entire and above the middle and at broad side
denticulate or crenate;venation pinnate,with 4pairs of
scondary nerves;cystoliths slightly conspicuous,dense,
baciliform,0.1-0.25mm long;petioles 0-5mm long;
stipules green,narrow-linear or subulate,3-10×0.3-1
mm.Staminate capitula unknown.Pistilate capitula
singly axilary,5-15mm long;peduncle 1-2mm long,
glabrous;receptacle squared or quadrilateral,up to 10×5
mm,glabrous;bracts ca.30,narrow-triangular or linear-
triangular,1-3×0.3-1mm,densely ciliate,apex thin
caudate or long attenuate;bracteoles dense,above green,
linear,0.4-1mm long,densely long ciliate,with hairs
0.4-0.5mm long.Achenes brownish,ovoid,ca.0.7×
0.4mm,multi-tuberculate;fruiting pedicels ca.0.7mm
long,glabrous;persistent tepals subsquared,ca.0.3mm
long.
云南(Yunnan):马关(Maguan),古林箐(Gulin-
qing),花鱼洞(Huayudong),under forest in valey,
2002-10-08,税玉民,陈文红,盛家舒(Y.M.Shui,
W.H.Chen &J.S.Sheng)30910(holotype,PE)。
本种与麻栗坡楼梯草E.malipoense的区别在
于:本种的茎和叶均无毛,叶的次级脉4对,托叶较
大,长3-10mm,雌头状花序的苞片较少,约30
枚,狭三角形,顶端细长尾状,但并未形成角状突
起。在麻栗坡楼梯草,茎被短柔毛,叶两面被短糙伏
毛,叶的次级脉为5-7对,托叶较小,长0.1-0.2
mm,雌头状花序的苞片较多,约75枚,呈扁正三角
形,顶端具角状突起(Wu等,2011)。
长被楼梯草 图4:F-I
Elatostema longitepalum W.T.Wang,sp.nov.
Fig.4:F-I.
3344期 王文采:云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种
图4 A-E.尾苞楼梯草 A.茎上部;发B.果序;C.雌苞片;D.雌小苞片和幼果;E.瘦果。
F-I.长被楼梯草 F.开花茎顶部;G.雌头状花序;H.雌花;I.瘦果。(据模式标本)
Fig.4 A-E.Elatostema caudiculatum A.upper part of stem;B.infructescence;C.pistilate bracts;
D.piatilate bracteole and young achene;E.achene. F-I.E.longitepalum F.apical part of
flowering stem;G.pistilate capitulum;H.pistilate flwer;I.achene.(from holotype)
Species nova haec ab E.malipoensi W.T.
Wang & Zeng Y.Wu caulibus glabris,foliorum
laminis utrinque glabris vel tantum supra sparse
strigosis et cystolithis carentibus,involucro pistil-
lato ex bracteis paucioribus ca.12glabris haud cor-
niculatis constante,flore pistilato tepalis 2-3sub-
ulato-linearibus 1.5-2.4mm longis longitudine
ovarium 4-6-plo superantibus et stigmate depres-
se globoso praedito statim abhorret.In E.mali-
poensi,caules puberuli,laminae foliorum utrinque
strigilosae et cystolithis densis praeditae,involu-
crum pistilatum ex bracteis pluribus(ca.75)ciliatis
et dorso puberulis constans,et flos pistilatus tepa-
lis carens et stigmate penicilato praeditus(Wu et
434 广 西 植 物 32卷
al.,2011).
Perennial herbs.Stems ca.20cm tal,near
base ca.2mm thick,glabrous,simple.Leaves ses-
sile or subsessile;blades papery,obliquely narrow-
obovate or obliquely oblong,6-11×1.8-4cm,a-
pex long acuminate(acumen margin at base 1-den-
ticulate at each side),base cuneate at narrow side
and auriculate at broad side,margin denticulate;
surfaces adaxialy sparsely strigose or glabrous,ab-
axialy glabrous;venation pinnate,with secondary
nerves 5et leaf narrow side and 6-8at broad side;
cystoliths absent;stipules subulate,ca.2mm long,
glabrous.Staminate capitula unknown.Pistilate
capitula singly axilary,ca.4mm in di-am.,with
dense,numerous flowers;peduncle ca.2.2 mm
long,glabrous;bracts ca.12,with receptacle turn-
ing black after drying,narrow-triangular,1-1.2×
0.5mm,glabrous;bracteoles white,semi-hyaline,
narrow-linear,ca.0.5mm long,glabrous.Pistilate
flower:pedicel ca.0.4mm long,glabrous;tepals 2
-3,semi-hyaline,subulate-linear,1.5-2.4×0.15
-0.2mm,glabrous;ovary narrow-elipsoidal,ca.
0.4mm long;stigma appressed-globose,ca.0.15
mm in diam.Achenes dark-brown,narrow-ovoid,
ca.0.7mm long,tuberculate.
云 南 (Ynnnan):绿 春 (Lüchun),水 文 站
(Hydrological station),alt.1 600-1 700m,河滩
(bottom land),2006-03-12,税玉民,陈文红等(Y.
M.Shui,W.H.Chen et al.)70367(holotype,PE)。
本种与麻栗坡楼梯草E.malipoense的区别在
于本种的茎无毛,叶片两面无毛或只在上面疏被糙
伏毛,无钟乳体,雌总苞苞片较少,约12枚,无毛,不
具角状突起,雌花的花被片2-3枚,钻状条形,长
1.5-2.4mm,比子房长4-6倍,柱头扁球形。在
麻栗坡楼梯草,茎被短柔毛,叶片两面有短糙伏毛,
有密集的钟乳体,雌总苞苞片较多,约75枚,有缘
毛,背面被短柔毛,雌花无花被片,柱头呈画笔头状
(Wu等,2011)。
正如过去有关专著的楼梯草属形态描述
(Wedel,1869;Hutchinson,1967)关于雌花的记载,
在我国此属的200余种中,多数种的雌花无花被片,
如有花被片时,则花被片比子房短,而本种雌花的花
被片的长度超过子房的长度有4-6倍之多,是一非
常罕见的现象。
致谢 孙英宝先生为本文绘图,谨表深切感谢。
参考文献:
Hutchinson J.1967.Elatostema[M]//The genera of flowering
plants.Oxford:Clarendon Press,2:184
Wang WT(王文采).1995.Elatostema[M]//Flora Reipublicae
Popularis Sinicae(中国植物志).Beijing(北京):Science Press
(科学出版社),23(2):160-317
Wang WT.2012.Nova classificatio specierum sinicarum Ela-
tostematis(Urticaceae)[M]//Fu DZ(eds).Paper Colection of
W.T.Wang.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2:1 061-1 178
Weddel HA.1869.Elatostema[M]//A.P.de Candole(ed).
Prodrumus systematis naturalis regni vegetabilis.Paris.16
(1):171-191
Wu ZY,Wang WT,Wang H,et al.2011.Two new species of
Elatostema(Urticaceae)from southeast Yunnan,China[J].
Phytokeys,7:57-62
5344期 王文采:云南楼梯草属二新系和八新种