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作 者 ：骆世明.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 4期 页码：805-809

关键词：生态农业；循环系统；景观规划；生物多样性；农业现代化；生物关系；

Keywords:Eco-agriculture, Circulation system, Landscape design, Biodiversity, Agricultural modernization, Biological relationship,

摘 要 ：景观生态规划、循环系统建设和生物关系重建是生态农业建设的核心和重点，是分别在景观层次、生态系统层次和群落以下层次为中国特色农业现代化道路营造基本格局。景观生态规划包括生物保护规划、资源利用规划、生态安全规划和景观美学规划等。循环系统建设包括农田系统循环、农牧系统循环、农业加工循环、农村内部循环、城市农村循环和生物地球化学循环。生物关系重建是针对当前农业的生物关系被简化、被分割的情况提出的，以作物为核心的生物关系为例，可通过与昆虫、微生物、大型动物、乔、灌、草和其他作物建立起恰当关系，改善作物养分供应，实现对有害生物控制和对资源高效利用。这三大措施所支撑的中国生态农业不同于西方工业化国家农业发展的道路，能够很好地继承中国传统农业的精华，促进现代信息技术、生物技术、材料科学和先进机械制造等现代科学技术在农业的应用，有利于推动农业现代企业、农业相关法规和制度建设。明确了这些措施也就为生态农业建设的科学评价提供了依据。

Abstract:Key measures of eco-agricultural practices include landscape design at landscape level, circulation system design at ecosystem level and biological relationship design at community or sub-community level. Landscape design includes biological conservation design, resources utilization framework design, ecological safety design, and aesthetic landscape design. Circulation system design includes field circulation system, crop and animal circulation system, agriculture and processing industry circulation system, village and field circulation system, urban and rural circulation system and bio-geochemical circulation system. In order to remodel the simplified and separated processes of biological relationships in modern agriculture, biological relationship design is proposed. In crop production, for example, it can improve nutrient supply, pest control and resource utilization efficiency by optimizing relationships such as crop-insect, crop-microorganism, crop-animal, crop-shrub, crop-grass, crop-tree and crop-other crops. China‘s eco-agriculture, which is supported by these three measures, is different from the development path of western industrialized countries. China can well pass on this elegant tradition of traditional Chinese agriculture and promote the application of modern science and technology, such as modern information technology, biotechnology, material science and advance mechanical manufacture, in agriculture. It can also promote the establishment of modern agricultural enterprises, legislation processes and the set-up of modern management system. These key measures of eco-agricultural practices can provide scientific basis for the evaluation of eco-agricultural practices.

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