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作 者 ：靳正忠,雷加强,徐新文,李生宇,赵思峰,邱永志,许 波,谷 峰.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 6期 页码：1358-1364

关键词：塔里木沙漠公路；防护林地；土壤微生物；土壤环境因子；

Keywords:Tarim desert highway, Shelter forest land, Soil microbe, Soil environmental factor,

摘 要 ：通过野外采样与室内分析，研究了不同定植年限下塔里木沙漠公路防护林人工绿地土壤微生物的变异规律及其与土壤物理和化学因子间的关系。结果表明：随林龄的增加，土壤微生物数量明显增加，土壤养分含量有所提高，土壤肥力状况明显改善；在土壤微生物的区系组成中，细菌为优势种，占微生物总数的80%以上，放线菌次之，而真菌最少，不到微生物总数的0.1%；土壤微生物数量受土壤环境因子的影响，其中土壤容重、总孔隙度、含水量、有机质和全氮、全磷、全钾及速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量与细菌、放线菌和真菌的数量均存在极显著相关关系；防护林建设后土壤颗粒逐渐细化。说明防护林的定植促进了咸水灌溉条件下风沙土的发育，土壤质量提高，利于植物的生长，塔里木沙漠公路防护林防风固沙效益明显。

Abstract:Mechanisms of soil microbial variation and relationship with soil physical and chemical factors in desert hinterland greenbelt were investigated through field sampling and laboratory analysis. The results show that soil microbial quantity increases with increase in planting time of forest belts; and nutrient content and soil fertility status improve remarkably. Among soil microbial flora formation, percentage of bacteria to total microbe is over 80% as dominant species followed by actinomyces, and the least is fungi with less than 0.1% of total microbe. Soil microbial activity is affected by soil environmental factors, especially for soil factors like bulk density, total porosity, moisture content, organic matter and total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and available nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which have a significant relation with bacteria, actinomyces and fungi. Also soil particle size gradually decreases after forest-belt construction. The findings indicate that planting forest-belt promotes development of sandy soil under saline water irrigation and soil quality improvement, which benefits plant growth. Thus the benefit of windbreak and sand fixation on the Taklimakan Desert highway forest belt can further be strengthened.

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