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作 者 ：江贵波,陈 实,曾任森.

期 刊 ：中国生态农业学报 2008年 16卷 4期 页码：905-908

关键词：三裂叶蟛蜞菊；挥发油；气相色谱-质谱法；抗菌作用；外来入侵植物；入侵机制；

Keywords:Wedelia trilobata L., Volatile oil, GC-MS analysis, Antibiotic effect, Invasive alien plant, Invasive mechanism,

摘 要 ：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取入侵杂草三裂叶蟛蜞菊地上部的挥发油,并用生长速率法测定挥发油对水稻稻瘟病菌、水稻纹枯病菌和玉米纹枯病菌生长的影响，采用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)对挥发油的成分进行了分离鉴定。结果表明:三裂叶蟛蜞菊挥发油对3种植物病原菌有显著抑制作用，最高抑制率分别为54.8%、32.9%和56.3%。从挥发油中检测出34种成分，用质谱图检索鉴定出其中29个化合物。已鉴定化合物占挥发油总量90.88%，主要化合物为2,6,6-三甲基-二环［3.1.1］-2-庚烯(25.16%)、2,7,7-三甲基-二环［2.2.1］ -2-庚烯(22.90%)和γ-松油烯(8.98%)。本研究表明：入侵植物三裂叶蟛蜞菊挥发物具有较强抑菌作用,可防止本地病菌入侵，这可能是该外来入侵植物大面积扩散的一个重要原因。

Abstract:Volatile oil from the shoot of Wedelia trilobata L., an invasive alien weed in South China, was extracted by steam distillation and its fungitoxicity to Magnaporthe grisea Barr., Rhizoctonia solani (Oryza sativa L.) and Rhizoctonia solani (Zea mays L.) investigated. The chemical constituents of the volatiles were identified by GC-MS analysis. The volatiles inhibit mycelial growth of the above 3 pathogens at the maximum of 54.8%, 32.9% and 56.3% respectively. 34 constituents are found in the volatile oil, of which 29 identified by mass spectrum constitute 90.88% volatile oil. The main constituents of the volatile oil are 2,6,6-Trimethyl-Bicyclo[3.1.1]-2-heptene (25.16%), 2,7,7-Trimethyl-Bicyclo[2.2.1]-2-heptene (22.90%) and γ-terpinene (8.98%). The results indicate that volatiles of W. trilobata have strong antibiotic effect on native pathogens. This may be an important mechanism for the successful invasion of the exotic plant.

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