全 文 ：南亚和东南亚龙胆属(龙胆科)的新名称 、
新组合及分类注释
何 廷 农　刘 尚 武
(中国科学院西北高原生物研究所　西宁 810001)
New names , new combinations and taxonomic notes of
Gentiana(Gentianaceae)from South and Southeast Asia
HO Ting-Nong　LIU Shang-Wu
(Northwest Plateau Institute of Biology , the Chinese Academy of Sciences , Xining 810001)
Abstract　The new names Gentiana membranulifera T.N .Ho and G.nudicaulisKurz var.as-
samensis T.N.Ho are proposed .The new combinations Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl.var.uncifolia
(H.J.Lam)T.N.Ho , G.sumatrana Ridl.var.humifusa (S .Moore)T.N .Ho , G.quadri-
faria Bl.var.wightii (Kusnez.)T.N .Ho , G.loerzingii Ridl.var .timida (Kerr)T.N.Ho ,
and G.membranulifera T.N .Ho var.recurvata (Kusnez.)T.N .Ho are made.
Key words　Gentiana ;New names;New combinations
1　Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl.var.uncifolia (H.J.Lam)T.N.Ho , comb .et stat.nov.
Gentiana uncifolia H.J.Lam in Blumea 5:578.1945.TYPE :Indonesia.Celebes , Mt.
Mamboeliling , north of Mamasa , in open places of subalpine bush , alt.2700 m , C .M .de
Froideville 118 (not seen).
Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl.is characterised by having perennial to suffruticose habit , caespi-
tose stems , developed basal rosette-leaves and blue flowers.Gentiana uncifolia is identical in all
these characters so it is better to be treated as a variety in G.lateriflora .The variety uncifolia dif-
fers from the variety lateriflora by its having small-sized plants , small leaves(6 ～ 11 mm ×10 ～ 20
mm)with uncinate apex and small flowers (12 ～ 15 mm long).Both varieties are endemic to In-
donesia(Celebes).
2　Gentiana loerzingii Ridl.var.timida (Kerr)T.N.Ho , comb.et stat.nov.
Gentiana timida Kerr in Bull.Misc.Inform.Kew 1940:182.1940.TYPE:Thailand.Doi
Sutep , alt.1525 m , among grass in open forest , A.F.G .Kerr 1579B(holotype , K ! isotype ,
BM !).
Gentiana timida is extremely similar to G.loerzingii in plant size (very tiny , not more than
1.5 cm tall), broadly elliptic to obovate leaf blades , narrowly triangular calyx lobes longer than the
tube , corolla twice as long as the calyx , etc., but differs by its having papillate and indistinctly
cartilaginous leaf blade margins.Both species are distinctly geographically separated:the former is
endemic to Siam of Thailand , whereas the latter to Indonesia [ type specimen from Indonesia , Suma-
tra , Sibolga , Raja , Karo plateau , ca.1300 m , 24 January , 1920 , J.A.Lorzing 7075(holotype ,
K !)] .Gentiana timida is , therefore , treated as a variety.
3　Gentiana membranulifera T.N.Ho , nom.nov.
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.39470050)
1998-11-16收稿 , 1999-03-26收修改稿。
植 物 分 类 学 报　38(1):10 ～ 12(2000)
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica
var .membranulifera
Ericala marginata D.Don in London Edinburgh Philos.Mag.&J.Sci.8:76.1836.———
Gentiana marginata (D.Don)Griseb.Gen.Sp.Gent.275.1838 , non Turcz.ex Bess.1834.
——— Gentiana carinata Griseb.var .marginata Clarke in J.D.Hook.Fl.Brit.India 4:113.
1883.TYPE:Kashmir.11 ,000 ～ 14 , 000 ft., Falconer &T.Thomson (holotype , K !).
The variety membranulifera is characterized by oblong or sometimes obovate upper leaf blades
with obtuse to rounded and cuspidate apex and calyx lobes.It is distributed in Kashmir , W.Pak-
istan , NW .India and Nepal.
var .recurvata (Kusnez .)T.N .Ho , comb.nov.
Gentiana marginata (D.Don)Griseb.β.recurvata Kusnez.Trudy Imp.St.-Peterburgsk .
Bot.Sada 15:425.1904.——— Gentiana carinata Griseb.var.intermedia Clarke in J.D.Hook .
Fl.Brit.India 4:113.1883.TYPE:Kashmir.Falconer (holotype , K ! isotype , P !).
The varerity recurvata differs from var.membranulifera by having lanceolate to linear-lanceo-
late upper leaf blades with acuminate apex 10 ～ 25 mm ×2 ～ 6 mm and triangular , lanceolate , or
ovate calyx lobes with acuminate and apiculate apex.It is distributed in Kashmir and Nepal.
4　Gentiana nudicaulis Kurz var.assamensis T.N .Ho , nom.et stat.nov.
Gentiana parryae Marq.in Bull.Misc.Inform.Kew 1931 :86.1931 , non Engelm.1863.
TYPE:NE.India.Assam , Lushai hills , Tailiphai , in shady places , alt.1500m , 1927-05 , Parry
168(holotype , K !).
The examination of the type specimens of Gentiana nudicaulis [NE .India , Assam , W .Grif-
fith 5819 (holotype , K !isotypes , BM !P !)] and G.parryae shows that the two are very similar to
each other , but the former has linear-elliptic to linear leaves whereas the latter elliptic or oblong.
Both varieties are endemic to Assam of NE.India.
5　Gentiana quadrifaria Bl.var.wightii(Kusnez.)T.N.Ho , comb .nov.
Gentiana pedicellata (Wall.ex D.Don)Griseb.γ.wightii Kusnez.in Trudy Imp.St.-Pe-
terburgsk .Bot.Sada 15:401 .1904.TYPE :S .India.Madras , Wightt s.n .(holotype , LE ! not
seen;isotype , K !).
On the basis of its having slightly fleshy dark green leaves and calyx lobes with distinctly thick
cartilaginous margins and tips , it is better to placed variety wightii in Gentiana quadrifaria than in
G.pedicellate.It differs from variety quadrifaria by its having elliptic to oblong basal leaves usual-
ly 7 ～ 15 mm ×4 ～ 6 mm , 2 ～ 3 times as large as ovate , ovate-lanceolate or obovate stem leaves 3～ 5 mm ×1.5 ～ 2.5mm.Variety wightii is restricted to Madras of S .Indiawhereas var .quadri-
faria is more widespread from Srilanka , S.India , Indonesia(Java)to SE.Australia.
6　Gentiana sumatrana Ridl.J.Fed.Malay States Mus.8(4):58.1917.TYPE:Indonesia ,
Sumatra , Korinchi peak , in swampy places , alt.3050 ～ 3200 m , 1914-05-09 , H.C .Robinson &
C .B .Kloss s.n.(holotype , K !isotype , BM !).
Gentiana sumatrana is more allied to G.oligophylla than to G.recurvata , differing from both
by glabrous stems , subleathery leaves , adaxially dark green and abaxially light green , and from the
former also by outside bluish-grey and inside white corolla.Gentiana sumatrana may be divided into
two varieties , which are endemic to Sumatra of Indonesia.
var .sumatrana
Gentiana singgalangensis Back .in Bull.Jard.Bot.Buitenzorg ser .3 , 2:326.1920.SYN-
TYPES :Indonesia.W Sumatra , Singgalang and Malintang , alt.1900 ～ 2900 m , Bǜnneme er 2767
(K !), 844 , 844a &844b (not seen), 2770 (K ! P !), 2771 &2832 (not seen), 2873 (K !),
2891 , 4109 (K !, P !), 4110 , 4111 &4232 (not seen).ECTOTYPE:Bǜnneme er 2770 (lecto-
type , K ! isolectotype , P! designated here), syn .nov.
Variety sumatrana is characterized by relataively large-sized plants , lanceolate to oblong leaves
1 期 何廷农等:南亚和东南亚龙胆属(龙胆科)的新名称 、新组合及分类注释 11　
9 ～ 17 mm ×(3 ～ )4 ～ 5(～ 7)mm and large flowers 6.5 ～ 8.5 mm.The examination of the type
specimens of G.sumatrana var .sumatrana and G.singgalangensis shows that the two are identi-
cal in all respects (leaf shape , corolla colour and size)apart from branches of stems.It seems that
the stems of G.singgalangensis are more woody and less branched than those of G.sumatrana
var .sumatrana .However , this little differences belong to the variation range of G.sumatrana
var .sumatarana and do not merit the maintenance G.singgalangensis as a distinct species.
var .humifusa (S .Moore)T.N.Ho , comb.et stat.nov.
Gentiana humifusa S .Moore in J.Bot.London 63:Suppl.70.1925.TYPE:Indonesia.
Sumatra , Mt.Dempa , Palembang , alt.9000 ft., 1880 , H.O .Forbes 2396(holotype , K ! iso-
type , BM !).
Variety humifusa differs from variety sumatrana by having relatively small-sized plants , broad-
ly ovate leaves 6 ～ 10 mm ×4 ～ 5 mm and small flowers 4.5 ～ 5.5 mm.
Reference
Chater A O , l982.Gentiana.In:Hara H , Chater A O , Williams L H eds.An Enumeration of the Flowering Plants
of Nepal.Vol 3.London:Oxford University Press &Bombay Calcutta Madras.9l～ 95.
Kusnezow N I , 1894.Subgenus Eugentiana of genus Gentiana Tourn.Trudy St.-Peterburgsk.Obshch.Es-
testvoisp., Otd Bot , 24(2):1～ 531(in German , with the Latin translation in Acta Horti Petrop , 15:1～ 507.
1896～ 1904)
Polunin O &Stainton A , 1985.Flowers of the Himalay (Gentiana).London:Oxford University Press &Bombay Cal-
cutta Madras.265～ 275
摘要　本文提出了龙胆属两个种的新名称(Gentiana membranulifera T.N.Ho , G.nudicaulisKurz var.as-
samensis T.N.Ho )和 5个变种的新组合[ (Gentiana lateriflora Hemsl.var.uncifolia (H.J.Lam)T.N.Ho ,
G.sumatrana Ridl.var.humifusa(S.Moore)T .N.Ho , G.quadrifaria Bl.var.wightii (Kusnez.)T.N.Ho ,
G.loerzingii Ridl.var.timida (Kerr)T.N.Ho , G.membranulifera T.N.Ho var.recurvata (Kusnez.)T.N.
Ho)] 。
关键词　龙胆属;新名称;新组合
12　 植　物　分　类　学　报 38 卷