全 文 :收稿日期:2014-08-12 接受日期:2014-11-19
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(81260632) ,国家发改委
“大规模综合性化合物库建设”专项基金
* 通讯作者 Tel:86-871-68392173;E-mail:gymail999@ 126. com;
lgm13330555378@ 126. com
天然产物研究与开发 Nat Prod Res Dev 2015,27:59-62,66
文章编号:1001-6880(2015)1-0059-05
云南松松塔的化学成分研究
刘 爽1,2,刘 熙1,李冬梅1,刘光明1* ,王 飞2,高 原2*
1大理学院药学与化学学院,大理 671000;2 云南西力生物技术股份有限公司,昆明 650201
摘 要:采用正相硅胶、RP-18、MCI、Sephadex LH-20 柱色谱和中压液相色谱等方法对云南松松塔乙醇提取物的
化学成分进行分离纯化,运用现代波谱技术鉴定了 13 个化合物,分别为:16-降-15-氧代脱氢松香酸(1)、16-降-
7,15-二氧代脱氢松香酸(2)、7α,15-二羟基脱氢松香酸(3)、15-羟基-7-氧代脱氢松香酸甲酯(4)、南洋杉酸(5)、
异考布松(6)、交链孢酚(7)、罗汉松脂素(8)、(+)-表松脂素(9)、二氢槲皮素 3-O-葡萄糖甙(10)、赤松素
(11)、(Z)-3-羟基-5-甲氧基二苯乙烯(12)、松柏醛(13)。所有化合物均为首次从云南松中分离得到,化合物 1、
2、6、7、9 为首次从松属中分离得到。
关键词:云南松;松科;松塔;化学成分;松香烷二萜
中图分类号:R284. 2 文献标识码:A DOI:10. 16333 / j. 1001-6880. 2015. 01. 012
Studies on the Chemical Constituents of Pine Cone of Pinus yunnanensis
LIU Shuang1,2,LIU Xi1,LI Dong-mei1,LIU Guang-ming1* ,WANG Fei2,GAO Yuan2*
1College of Pharmacy and Chemistry,Dali University,Dali 671000,China;2BioBioPha Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650201,China
Abstract:Thirteen compounds were isolated and purified from the ethanolic extracts of pine cone of Pinus yunnanensis
by MPLC and column chromatography on silica gel,RP-18,MCI,and Sephadex LH-20. On the basis of spectroscopic a-
nalysis,the isolated compounds were identified as 16-nor-15-oxodehydroabietic acid (1) ,16-nor-7,15-dioxodehydroabi-
etic acid (2) ,7α,15-dihydroxydehydroabietic acid (3) ,methyl 15-hydroxy-7-oxodehydroabietate (4) ,imbricatolic acid
(5) ,isokobusone (6) ,alternariol (7) ,matairesinol (8) ,(+)-epipinoresinol (9) ,taxifolin 3-O-glucoside (10) ,pino-
sylvin (11) ,(Z)-3-hydroxy-5-methoxystilbene (12)and coniferaldehyde (13). All compounds were obtained from P.
yunnanensis for the first time and compounds 1,2,6,7 and 9 were obtained from the genus Pinus for the first time.
Key words:Pinus yunnanensis;Pinaceae;pine cone;chemical constituents;abietane diterpenoid
松科(Pinaceae)松属(Pinus)植物多为常绿乔
木,稀为灌木,约 80 余种,分布于北半球,北至北极
地区,南至北非、中美、中南半岛及苏门答腊赤道以
南地方;我国产 22 种 10 变种,另引入 16 种 2 变种,
分布几遍全国[1]。对松属植物的化学成分研究表
明,该属植物富含二萜、三萜、黄酮等结构类型[2],
但是,针对云南松松塔部位化学成分的相关研究却
很少。松塔(Pine cone)系松属植物的球果,在我国
具有悠久的药用历史,始记于汉末的《名医别录》,
《本草纲目》中对松塔的祛痰、止咳平喘、祛风和润
肠等功效也有详细记载[3]。此外,生物活性研究发
现,松塔具有抗肿瘤[4]、抗菌[5,6]、抗病毒[7,8]、抗氧
化[9]和免疫增强[10]等功能,日本南部九州地区民间
也有长期服用日本白松松塔煎水喝治疗胃癌的习
俗。日本学者对此进行追踪研究,发现松塔提取物
不仅有抗癌活性,还有抑制 HIV复制作用[11]。本课
题组从日本学者的研究中得到启发,对云南松等多
种松树的松塔提取物进行了活性研究,结果显示几
种松塔提取物均能选择性地抑制 U14(宫颈癌)细
胞、S180(实体癌)细胞、Hepa(肝癌腹水)、Mmtv(乳
房肿瘤)细胞等的生长,并且具有抗 HIV 活性[12]。
为了从云南松松塔中寻找具有潜在药物开发价值的
活性先导化合物,我们对云南松松塔的化学成分进
行了深入、系统地分离,并利用现代波谱技术对分离
得到的 13 个单体化合物进行了结构鉴定。以上研
究丰富了该植物的化学成分研究内容,为充分开发
利用云南松松塔奠定了理论基础。
1 仪器与材料
1. 1 仪器与试剂
Bruker AV-400 和 Bruker Avance III 600 MHz核
磁共振光谱仪。柱色谱正相硅胶(200 ~ 300 目)和
薄层色谱硅胶 GF254均为青岛美高集团有限公司生
产;反相填充材料为 Chromatorex C-18(40 ~ 75 μm,
Fuji Silysia Chemical Ltd.,Kasugai,Aichi,Japan) ;
MCI 填充材料为 MCI-gel CHP-20P(75 ~ 150 μm,
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp,Tokyo,Japan) ;凝胶为
Sephadex LH-20(Amersham Biosciences,Sweden) ;中
压液相色谱(MPLC)系统为 Büchi Sepacore System
equipping pump manager C-615,pump modules C-
605,fraction collector C-660(Büchi Labortechnik AG,
Flawil,Switzerland)。化合物检测用 TLC(Qingdao
Marine Chemical Inc,China)结合 Agilent 1200 HPLC
series system equipped by Eclipse XDB-C18 column(5
μm,4. 6 × 150 mm)。显色剂为香草醛 H2SO4 /
EtOH溶液。
1. 2 实验材料
云南松松塔于云南大理州漾濞县小金牛村附近
采集,由云南省大理学院夏从龙教授鉴定,该植物样
品存放于大理白族自治州大理学院药学与化学学
院。
2 提取与分离
干燥的云南松松塔 26. 5 kg,粉碎后,立即用
95%乙醇在室温条件下冷浸提取 5 次,每次 48 h;合
并 5 次提取液浓缩后,得到浸膏 1. 2 kg。浸膏用氯
仿∶甲醇 = 1∶ 1 溶剂溶解后,硅胶拌样,经硅胶柱层
析,以石油醚-丙酮体系进行梯度洗脱(v∶ v = 95 ∶ 5,
90∶ 10,80∶ 20,70∶ 30,60∶ 40,50∶ 50,0∶ 100) ,检测合
并后得到 11 个流分。Fr 1 分别经硅胶(氯仿∶ 丙酮
= 200∶ 1,100∶ 1,50∶ 1,20∶ 1)和 Sephadex LH-20(氯
仿∶甲醇 = 1∶ 1)柱层析分离纯化,得到化合物 12(3
mg)。Fr 4 经过反复硅胶、MCI、Sephadex LH-20(甲
醇)、RP-18 柱层析分离,得到化合物 13(7 mg)、1
(12 mg)、5(94 mg)、6(15 mg)。Fr 7 ~ 11 经反复硅
胶(氯仿 ∶ 甲醇 = 200 ∶ 1、100 ∶ 1、50 ∶ 1)和 Sephadex
LH-20(甲醇)柱层析分离,得到化合物 9(3 mg)、11
(12 mg)、7(2 mg)、8(617 mg)、4(82 mg)、2(2
mg)、3(57 mg)、10(439 mg)。
3 结构鉴定
化合物 1 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,400
MHz)δ:7. 70 (1H,dd,J = 8. 4,1. 8 Hz,H-12) ,7. 62
(1H,d,J = 1. 8 Hz,H-14) ,7. 32 (1H,d,J = 8. 4
Hz,H-11) ,2. 94 (2H,m,H-7) ,2. 55 (3H,s,-
COMe) ,2. 32 (1H,dd,J = 12. 4,3. 0 Hz,H-1a) ,
2. 19 (1H,dd,J = 12. 0,2. 3 Hz,H-5) ,1. 84 (1H,
m,H-6a) ,1. 76 (2H,m,H-2) ,1. 59 (1H,m,H-3a) ,
1. 47 (1H,m,H-3b) ,1. 39 (1H,m,H-6b) ,1. 36
(1H,m,H-1b) ,1. 27 (3H,s,H-19) ,1. 20 (3H,s,H-
20) ;13 C NMR (CDCl3,100 MHz)δ:198. 2 (s,C-
15) ,183. 6 (s,C-18) ,154. 7 (s,C-9) ,135. 4 (s,C-
8) ,134. 5 (s,C-13) ,129. 3 (d,C-14) ,125. 8 (d,C-
12) ,124. 6 (d,C-11) ,47. 3 (s,C-4) ,44. 1 (d,C-
5) ,37. 6 (t,C-1) ,37. 5 (s,C-10) ,36. 6 (t,C-3) ,
29. 8 (t,C-7) ,26. 6 (q,C-17) ,24. 8 (q,C-20) ,21. 5
(t,C-6) ,18. 3 (t,C-2) ,16. 2 (q,C-19)。以上数据
与文献[13]报道的 16-降-15-氧代脱氢松香酸数据基
本一致,故化合物 1 鉴定为 16-降-15-氧代脱氢松香
酸。
化合物 2 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,600
MHz)δ:8. 52 (1H,d,J = 1. 8 Hz,H-14) ,8. 13
(1H,dd,J = 8. 4,1. 8 Hz,H-12) ,7. 48 (1H,d,J =
8. 4 Hz,H-11) ,2. 77 (1H,dd,J = 17. 4,14. 4 Hz,H-
6a) ,2. 70 (1H,dd,J = 14. 4,3. 0 Hz,H-5) ,2. 61
(3H,s,-COMe) ,2. 53 (1H,m,H-1a) ,2. 39 (1H,
dd,J = 17. 4,3. 0 Hz,H-6b) ,1. 83 (1H,m,H-2) ,
1. 77 (1H,m,H-3) ,1. 64 (1H,m,H-1b) ,1. 35 (3H,
s,H-19) ,1. 27 (3H,s,H-20)。以上数据与文献[14]
报道的 16-降-7,15-二氧代脱氢松香酸数据基本一
致,故化合物 2 鉴定为 16-降-7,15-二氧代脱氢松香
酸。
化合物 3 无色油状物;1H NMR (CD3OD,400
MHz)δ:7. 43 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-14) ,7. 34
(1H,dd,J = 8. 4,2. 0 Hz,H-12) ,7. 25 (1H,d,J =
8. 4 Hz,H-11) ,4. 72 (1H,d,J = 3. 2 Hz,H-7) ,
2. 54 (1H,dd,J = 12. 8,2. 0 Hz,H-5) ,2. 36 (1H,
brd,J = 12. 8 Hz,H-1a) ,2. 11 (1H,d,J = 4. 4 Hz,
H-6a) ,1. 93 (1H,dd,J = 12. 8,4. 0 Hz,H-3a) ,1. 83
(1H,m,H-2a) ,1. 75 (1H,m,H-2b) ,1. 67 (1H,m,
H-3b) ,1. 64 (1H,m,H-6b) ,1. 50 (3H,s,H-16) ,
1. 50 (3H,s,H-17) ,1. 48 (1H,m,H-1b) ,1. 26
06 天然产物研究与开发 Vol. 27
(3H,s,H-19) ,1. 15 (3H,s,H-20) ;13 C NMR
(CD3OD,100 MHz)δ:182. 2 (s,C-18) ,148. 8 (s,C-
9) ,148. 1 (s,C-13) ,136. 7 (s,C-8) ,127. 6 (d,C-
14) ,125. 5 (d,C-12) ,124. 8 (d,C-11) ,72. 8 (s,C-
15) ,68. 5 (d,C-7) ,48. 3 (s,C-4) ,40. 9 (d,C-5) ,
39. 0 (t,C-1) ,38. 5 (s,C-10) ,37. 6 (t,C-3) ,32. 3
(t,C-6) ,31. 8 (q,C-17) ,31. 8 (q,C-16) ,24. 7 (q,
C-20) ,19. 7 (t,C-2) ,17. 1 (q,C-19)。以上数据与
文献[15]报道的 7α,15-二羟基脱氢松香酸数据基本
一致,故化合物 3 鉴定为 7α,15-二羟基脱氢松香
酸。
化合物 4 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,400
MHz)δ:7. 99 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-14) ,7. 69
(1H,dd,J = 8. 4,2. 0 Hz,H-12) ,7. 30 (1H,d,J =
8. 4 Hz,H-11) ,3. 59 (3H,s,-COOMe) ,1. 51 (3H,s,
H-16) ,1. 51 (3H,s,H-17) ,1. 28 (3H,s,H-20) ,
1. 20 (3H,s,H-19)。以上数据与文献[16]报道的 15-
羟基-7-氧代脱氢松香酸甲酯数据基本一致,故化合
物 4 鉴定为 15-羟基-7-氧代脱氢松香酸甲酯。
化合物 5 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,400
MHz)δ:4. 82 (1H,brs,H-17a) ,4. 48 (1H,brs,H-
17b) ,3. 66 (2H,brt,J = 6. 5 Hz,H-15) ,1. 23 (3H,
s,H-19) ,0. 58 (3H,s,H-20) ;13 C NMR (CDCl3,100
MHz)δ:183. 2 (s,C-19) ,148. 2 (s,C-8) ,106. 4 (t,
C-17) ,61. 2 (t,C-15) ,56. 5 (d,C-9) ,56. 3 (d,C-
5) ,44. 1 (s,C-4) ,40. 5 (s,C-10) ,39. 5 (t,C-14) ,
39. 1 (t,C-1) ,38. 7 (t,C-7) ,37. 9 (t,C-3) ,36. 3
(t,C-12) ,30. 2 (d,C-13) ,29. 0 (q,C-18) ,26. 0 (t,
C-6) ,21. 1 (t,C-11) ,19. 9 (t,C-2) ,19. 8 (q,C-
16) ,12. 7 (q,C-20)。以上数据与文献[17]报道的南
洋杉醇数据基本一致,故化合物 5 鉴定为南洋杉酸。
化合物 6 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,400
MHz)δ:5. 01 (1H,brs,H-15a) ,4. 94 (1H,brs,H-
15b) ,4. 15 (1H,dd,J = 10. 0,4. 5 Hz,H-9) ,3. 07
(1H,td,J = 10. 0,7. 5 Hz,H-2) ,2. 60 (1H,dt,J =
14. 0,4. 5 Hz,H-7b) ,2. 43 (1H,m,H-11b) ,2. 29
(1H,td,J = 11. 5,2. 0 Hz,H-11a) ,2. 22 (1H,tdd,J
= 11. 5,9. 0,1. 5 Hz,H-10b) ,2. 06 (1H,t,J = 10. 0
Hz,H-3b) ,2. 02 (1H,m,H-10a) ,1. 86 (1H,m,H-
5) ,1. 86 (1H,m,H-7a) ,1. 73 (2H,m,H-6) ,1. 42
(1H,dd,J = 10. 0,7. 5 Hz,H-3a) ,1. 02 (1H,s,H-
13) ,1. 01 (1H,s,H-14)。以上数据与文献[18]报道
的异考布松数据基本一致,故化合物 6 鉴定为异考
布松。
化合物 7 白色粉末状;1H NMR (CD3OD,600
MHz)δ:7. 23 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-6) ,6. 68 (1H,
d,J = 2. 5 Hz,H-5) ,6. 59 (1H,d,J = 2. 5 Hz,H-
3) ,6. 35 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-4) ,2. 75 (3H,s,H-
7)。以上数据与文献[19]报道的交链孢酚数据基本
一致,故化合物 7 鉴定为交链孢酚。
化合物 8 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,500
MHz)δ:6. 82 (1H,d,J = 7. 0 Hz,H-5) ,6. 79 (1H,
d,J = 8. 0 Hz,H-5) ,6. 61 (1H,s,H-2) ,6. 59 (1H,
d,J = 7. 0 Hz,H-6) ,6. 49 (1H,dd,J = 8. 0,1. 5 Hz,
H-6) ,6. 40 (1H,d,J = 1. 5 Hz,H-2) ,5. 59 (2H,
brs,Ar-OH) ,4. 14 (1H,dd,J = 9. 0,7. 0 Hz,H-9
a) ,3. 87 (1H,dd,J = 9. 0,7. 0 Hz,H-9 b) ,3. 80
(3H ×2,s,-OMe) ,2. 93 (1H,dd,J = 14. 0,5. 5 Hz,
H-7a) ,2. 88 (1H,dd,J = 14. 0,7. 0 Hz,H-7b) ,2. 61
(1H,m,H-7b) ,2. 56 (1H,m,H-8) ,2. 53 (1H,m,
H-7a) ,2. 47 (1H,m,H-8) ;13 C NMR (CDCl3,100
MHz)δ:178. 8 (s,C-9) ,146. 6 (s,C-3) ,146. 5 (s,
C-3) ,144. 4 (s,C-4) ,144. 3 (s,C-4) ,129. 7 (s,C-
1) ,129. 5 (s,C-1) ,122. 0 (d,C-6) ,121. 3 (d,C-
6) ,114. 3 (d,C-5) ,114. 0 (d,C-5) ,111. 4 (d,C-
2) ,110. 1 (d,C-2) ,71. 3 (t,C-9) ,55. 8 (q,-
OMe) ,55. 7 (q,-OMe) ,46. 5 (d,C-8) ,40. 9 (d,C-
8) ,34. 5 (t,C-7) ,38. 2 (t,C-7)。以上数据与文
献[20]报道的罗汉松脂素数据基本一致,故化合物 8
鉴定为罗汉松脂素。
化合物 9 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,400
MHz)δ:6. 77 ~ 6. 95 (6H,m,Ar-H) ,5. 60,5. 58
(2H,s,Ar-OH) ,4. 85 (1H,d,J = 5. 2 Hz,H-7) ,
4. 42 (1H,d,J = 7. 2 Hz,H-7) ,3. 92 (3H,s,-
OMe) ,3. 90 (3H,s,-OMe)。以上数据与文献[21]报
道的(+)-表松脂素数据基本一致,故化合物 9 鉴定
为(+)-表松脂素。
化合物 10 无色油状物;1H NMR (CD3OD,400
MHz)δ:7. 38 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-2) ,7. 10 (1H,
dd,J = 8. 0,2. 0 Hz,H-6) ,6. 89 (1H,d,J = 8. 0
Hz,H-5) ,5. 92 (1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-8) ,5. 88
(1H,d,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-6) ,4. 98 (1H,d,J = 11. 6
Hz,H-2) ,4. 57 (1H,d,J = 11. 6 Hz,H-3) ,4. 82
(1H,d,J = 7. 6 Hz,H-1) ,3. 88 (1H,dd,J =
12. 0,2. 0 Hz,H-6a) ,3. 67 (1H,d,J = 6. 0 Hz,H-
6b) ,3. 51 (1H,dd,J = 9. 2,7. 7 Hz,H-2) ,3. 46
16Vol. 27 刘 爽等:云南松松塔的化学成分研究
(1H,t,J = 9. 3 Hz,H-3) ,3. 43 (1H,m,H-5) ,
3. 37 (1H,t,J = 9. 1 Hz,H-4) ;13C NMR (CD3OD,
100 MHz)δ:198. 4 (s,C-4) ,168. 7 (s,C-7) ,165. 3
(s,C-9) ,164. 4 (s,C-5) ,148. 9 (s,C-4) ,146. 5
(s,C-3) ,130. 0 (s,C-1) ,124. 6 (d,C-6) ,118. 1
(d,C-2) ,116. 8 (d,C-5) ,104. 0 (d,C-1) ,101. 8
(s,C-10) ,97. 3 (d,C-8) ,96. 3 (d,C-6) ,84. 9 (d,
C-2) ,78. 3 (d,C-5) ,77. 6 (d,C-3) ,74. 9 (d,C-
2) ,73. 5 (d,C-3) ,71. 5 (d,C-4) ,62. 5 (t,C-
6)。以上数据与文献[22]报道的二氢槲皮素 3-O-
葡萄糖甙数据基本一致,故化合物 10 鉴定为二氢槲
皮素 3-O-葡萄糖甙。
化合物 11 白色粉末状;1H NMR (CD3OD,500
MHz)δ:7. 46 (2H,d,J = 7. 5 Hz,H-2,H-6) ,7. 28
(2H,t,J = 7. 5 Hz,H-3,H-5) ,7. 18 (1H,t,J =
7. 5 Hz,H-4) ,6. 99 (1H,d,J = 16. 5 Hz,H-7) ,
6. 95 (1H,d,J = 16. 5 Hz,H-8) ,6. 45 (2H,d,J =
2. 0 Hz,H-2,H-6) ,6. 15 (1H,t,J = 2. 0 Hz,H-4)。
以上数据与文献[23]报道的数据基本一致,故化合物
11 鉴定为赤松素。
化合物 12 无色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,500
MHz)δ:7. 29 (2H,s,H-2,H-6) ,7. 20 (2H,s,H-
3,H-5) ,7. 19 (1H,s,H-4) ,6. 59 (1H,d,J =
12. 0 Hz,H-8) ,6. 49 (1H,d,J = 12. 0 Hz,H-7) ,6. 38
(1H,s,H-4) ,6. 30 (1H,s,H-6) ,6. 26 (1H,s,H-
2) ,4. 72 (1H,brs,Ar-OH) ,3. 63 (3H,s,-OMe)。以
上数据与文献[24]报道的(Z)-3-羟基-5-甲氧基二苯
乙烯数据基本一致,故化合物 12 鉴定为(Z)-3-羟
基-5-甲氧基二苯乙烯。
化合物 13 黄色油状物;1H NMR (CDCl3,500
MHz)δ:9. 64 (1H,d,J = 7. 5 Hz,H-3) ,7. 39 (1H,
d,J = 16. 0 Hz,H-1) ,7. 13 (1H,d,J = 8. 0,2. 0
Hz,H-6) ,7. 06 (1H,d,J = 2. 0Hz,H-2) ,6. 96 (1H,
d,J = 8. 0 Hz,H-5) ,6. 59 (1H,dd,J = 16. 0,8. 0
Hz,H-2) ,6. 06 (1H,s,Ar-OH) ,3. 94 (3H,s,
-OMe)。以上数据与文献[25]报道的数据基本一致,
故化合物 13 鉴定为松柏醛。
参考文献
1 Delectis florae reipublicae popularis sinicae academiae sini-
cae edita (中国科学院植物志编辑委员会). Flora Reipu-
blicae Popularis Sinicae (中国植物志) ,1978,7:204.
2 Zhou MB (周明波) ,Liu GM (刘光明) ,Lv YJ (吕永俊) ,
et al. Chemical constituents from pine cone of Pinus armandii
Franch. . J Dali Univ (大理学院学报) ,2008,7:1-4.
3 Lai PK,Donovan J,Takayama H,et al. Modification of human
immunodeficiency viral replication by pine cone extracts.
AIDS Res Hum Retrov,1990,6:205-217.
4 Li YS (李艳省) ,Xie FQ (谢芳钦) ,Jin XW (金新文) ,et
al. Anti-tumor effect of Korean pine cone lamella polysaccha-
ride. Chin Pub Health (中国公共卫生) ,2010,26:390-391.
5 Zhang DW (张大伟) ,Hao LL (郝琳琳) ,Li MQ (李明
谦) ,et al. Research advance of natural product in Korean
pine seed shell and cone. Lishizhen Med Mater Med Res (时
珍国医国药) ,2012,23:2588-2590.
6 Digrak M,Ilcim A,Alma MH. Antimicrobial activities of sev-
eral parts of Pinus brutia,Juniperus oxycedrus,Abies cilicia,
Cedrus libani and Pinus nigra. Phytother Res,1999,13:584-
587.
7 Zhang X,Yang LM,Liu GM,et al. Potent anti-HIV activities
and mechanisms of action of a pine cone extract from Pinus
yunnanensis. Molecules,2012,17:6916-6929.
8 Tamura Y,Lai PK,Bradley WG,et al. A soluble factor in-
duced by an extract from Pinus parviflora Sieb et Zucc can
inhibit the replication of human immunodeficiency virus in
vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA,1991,88:2249-2253.
9 Xu RB,Yang X,Wang J,et al. Chemical composition and an-
tioxidant activities of three polysaccharide fractions from pine
cones. Int J Mol Sci,2012,13:14262-14277.
10 Burrows M,Assundani D,Celis E,et al. Oral administration
of PPC enhances antigen-specific CD8 + T cell responses
while reducing IgE levels in sensitized mice. BMC Comple-
ment Altern Med,2009,9:49.
11 Sakagami H,Takeda K,Makino Y,et al. Partial purification
of novel differentiation-inducing substances (s)from hot wa-
ter extract of Japanese pine cone. Jpn J Cancer Res,1986,
77:59-64.
12 Liu GM (刘光明) ,Lv YJ (吕永俊) ,Li HZ (李好枝) ,et
al. The anti-HIV positive elements in the pinecones of Pinus
yunnanensis. J Dali Univ (大理学院学报) ,2009,8:69-71.
13 Tanaka R,Ohtsu H,Matsunaga S. Abietane diterpene acids
and other constituents from the leaves of Larix kaempferi.
Phytochemistry,1997,46:1051-1057.
14 Yang XW,Li SM,Feng L,et al. Abiesanordines A-N:four-
teen new norditerpenes from Abies georgei. Tetrahedron,
2008,64:4354-4362.
15 Prinz S,Mullner U,Heilmann J,et al. Oxidation products of
abietic acid and its methyl ester. J Nat Prod,2002,65:1530-
1534.
(下转第 66 页)
26 天然产物研究与开发 Vol. 27
报道一致[10],故化合物 10 鉴定为丁香脂素。
化合物 11 无色透明胶状物。分子式为 C20
H22O6,ESI-MS m / z:739[2M + Na]
+。1H NMR (300
MHz,CD3OD)δ:6. 94 (2H,d,J = 1. 5 Hz,H-2,2) ,
6. 80 (2H,dd,J = 8. 2,1. 6 Hz,H-6,6) ,6. 76 (2H,
d,J = 8. 1 Hz,H-5,5) ,4. 69 (2H,d,J = 4. 4 Hz,H-
7,7) ,4. 22 (2H,dd,J = 9. 0,6. 8 Hz,Ha-9,9) ,
3. 84 (6H,s,3,3-OCH3) ,3. 81 (2H,m,Hb-9,9) ,
3. 12 (2H,m,H-8,8) ;13 C NMR (75 MHz,CD3OD)
δ:133. 9 (C-1,1) ,111. 1 (C-2,2) ,147. 4 (C-3,
3) ,149. 2 (C-4,4) ,116. 2 (C-5,5) ,120. 2 (C-6,
6) ,87. 6 (C-7,7) ,55. 5 (C-8,8) ,72. 7 (C-9,
9) ,56. 5 (3,3-OCH3)。以上数据与文献报道一
致[10],故化合物 11 鉴定为松脂素。
参考文献
1 Markus S,Magnus J,Reiner W,et al. Novel glycosidic con-
stituents from Saffron. J Agric Food Chem,1997,45:1678-
1681.
2 Yu Y,Gao H,Dai Y,et al. Monoterpenoids from the fruit of
Gardenia jasminoides. Helv Chim Acta,2010,93:763-771.
3 Chang RJ,Wang CH,Zeng Q,et al. Chemical constituents of
the stems of Celastrus rugosus. Arch Pharm Res,2013,36:
1291-1301.
4 Xu QL(徐巧林) ,Xie HH(谢海辉) ,Yoshikawam M(吉川
雅之) ,et al. Chemical constituents from the seeds of Prunus
domestica L. J Tropic Subtropic Botany(热带亚热带植物学
报) ,2012,20:299-302.
5 Gao HY,Wang HY,Li GY,et al. Constituents from
Zhuyeqing Liquor and their inhibitory effects on nitric oxide
production. Phytochem Lett,2014,7:150-155.
6 Li J(李军) ,Jiang Y(姜勇) ,Tu PF(屠鹏飞) ,et al. Stud-
ies on chemical constituents from roots of Polygala tricornis.
China J Chin Mater Med(中国中药杂志) ,2006,31:45-47.
7 Zhang YW,Sun WX,Li X,et al. Two new compounds from
Helichrysum arenarium (L. ). J Asian Nat Prod Res,2009,
11:289-293.
8 Dinda B,Debnath S,Harigaya Y,et al. Naturally occurring
iridoids. a review,part 1. Chem Pharm Bull,2007,55:159-
222.
9 Yu Y,Xie ZL,Gao H,et al. Bioactive iridoid glucosides from
the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides. J Nat Prod,2009,72:
1459-1464.
10 Yu Y(于洋) ,Gao H(高昊) ,Dai Y(戴毅) ,et al. A new
lignan from Gardenia jasminoides. Chin Tradit Herb Drugs
(中草药) ,2010,41:
櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵櫵
509-514.
(上接第 62 页)
16 Matsumoto T,Imai S,Sunaoka Y,et al. The conversion of
(+)-dehydroabietic acid into steroidal hormones. Bull Chem
Soc Jpn,1988,61:723-727.
17 Shimizu M,Tsuji H,Shogawa H,et al. Anti-inflammatory
constituents of topically applied crude drugs. II. constituents
and anti-inflammatory effect of Cryptomeria japonica D. Don.
Chem Pharm Bull,1988,36:3967-3973.
18 Heymann H,Tezuka Y,Kikuchi T,et al. Constituents of Sin-
dora sumatrana MIQ. I. Isolation and NMR spectral analysis
of sesquiterpenes from the Dried Pods. Chem Pharm Bull,
1994,42:138-146.
19 Aly AH,Edrada-Ebel R,Indriani ID,et al. Cytotoxic metabo-
lites from the fungal endophyte Alternaria sp. and their sub-
sequent detection in its host plant Polygonum senegalense. J
Nat Prod,2008,71:972-980.
20 Xu CH (徐朝晖) ,Zhao AH (赵爱华) ,Gao XF (高先
富) ,et al. Chemical constituents of antihyperglycemic ac-
tivefraction from Arctium lappa. Chin J Nat Med (中国天然
药物) ,2006,4:444-447.
21 Deyama T,Ikawa T,Kitagawa S,et al. The constituents of Eu-
commia ulmoides Oliv. V. isolation of dihydroxydehydrodico-
niferyl alcohol isomers and phenolic compounds. Chem
Pharm Bull,1987,35:1785-1789.
22 Skaar I,Jordheim M,Byamukama R,et al. New anthocyanidin
and anthocyanin pigments fromblue plumbago. J Agric Food
Chem,2012,60:1510-1515.
23 Suga T,Ohta S,Munesada K,et al. Endogenous pine wood
nematicidal substances in pines,Pinus massoniana,P. strobus
and P. palustris. Phytochemistry,1993,33:1395-1401.
24 Ngo KS,Brown GD. Stilbenes,monoterpenes,diarylhep-
tanoids,labdanes and chalcones from Alpinia katsumadai.
Phytochemistry,1998,47:1117-1123.
25 Joshi BP,Sharma A,Sinha AK. Efficient one-pot,two-step
synthesis of (E)-cinnmaldehydes by dehydrogenation-oxida-
tion of arylpropanes using DDQ under ultrasonic irradiation.
Tetrahedron,2006,62:2590-2593.
66 天然产物研究与开发 Vol. 27