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作 者 ：倪健, 宋永昌

期 刊 ：植物生态学报 1997年 21卷 2期 页码：115-129

关键词：植被—气候相关；常绿阔叶林；优势种及常见；

Keywords:Vegetation-climate interaction, Subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest, Dominants and companions,

摘 要 ：广泛收集植物的分布资料，包括杨梅科、胡桃科、壳斗科、木兰科、樟科、山茶科、金缕梅科、交让木科、杜英科、五加科、安息香科、冬青科、杜鹃花科、山矾科的优势种和常见种112个，利用目前在国际上被认为是较好的几种研究植被—气候相互关系的指标和方法，包括：Kira方法；Penman公式；Thornthwaite方法与分类；Holdridge生命地带分类系统指标与方法，分析中国亚热带常绿阔叶林优势种及常见种分布与气候的生态关系，找出它们的地理分布特征和气候指标特征，建立现代植被与气候的关系。(1)利用Kira的温暖指数(WI)和寒冷指数(CI)及徐文铎的湿润指数(HI)，计算了中国亚热带常绿阔叶林112个优势种及常见种的水热指标值，分析了树种分布与气候的关系，并将优势种及常见种划分为5个Kira水热指标分布类群。(2)计算了112个优势种及常见种的Penman可能蒸散(PET)和干燥度(A)值，划分了5个优势种及常见种的Penman水热指标分布类群。(3)计算了树种的Thornthwaite潜在可能蒸散(APE)及湿润指数(IH)、干旱指数(IA)和水分指数(IM)，划分了优势种及常见种的Thornthwaite水热指标分布类群。(4)计算了树种的Holdridge生物温度(BT)、可能蒸散(PE)、降水量(P)及可能蒸散率(PER)，划分了优势种及常见种的Holdridge水热指标分布类群。

Abstract:A vast amount of material and literature of the horizontal and vertical distribution of dominants, main companions of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China waere collected. 112 dominants and main companions, including 14 families, were selected to study the relationships between the climate and the vegetation. Those families were Myricaceae, Juglandaceae, Fagaceae, Magnoliaceae, Lauraceae, Theaceae, Hamamelidaceae, Daphniphyllaceae, Elaeocarpaceae, Araliaceae, Styracaceae, Aquifoliaceae, Frieaceae and Symplocaceae, respectively. Kira’s warmth index (W I ), Coldness index (C I ) and Xu’s humidity index (H I ) of those 112 kinds of dominants and main companions were calculated. The groups of Kira’s water-temperature distribution of main species of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China were classified into five types.Penman’s potential evapotranspiration (PET) and aridity (A) of the dominants and main companions were calculated. The groups of Penman’s water-temperature distribution of main species of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China were classified into five types, too.Thornthwaite’s potential evapotranspiration (APE), humidity index ( I H), aridity index ( I A) and moisture index ( I M) of those 112 kinds of dominants and main companions of subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest in China were calculated. The groups of Thornthwaite’s water-temperature distribution of the dominants and main companions were classified into five types.Holdridge’s biotemperature (BT), potential evapotranspitation (P E), precipitation (P) and potential evapotranspiration ratio (PER) of the dominants and main companions were calculated. Holdridge’s water-temperature distributional groups of main species of evergreen broad-leaved forest in China were classified into five types too.

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