作 者 ：杨一川, 庄平, 黎系荣
期 刊 ：植物生态学报 1994年 18卷 2期 页码：105-120
Keywords:Emei Mountain, Evergreen broad-leaved forest, Community structure, Community dynamics,
摘 要 ：峨眉栲、华木荷群落是我国西南部亚热带山地常绿阔叶林群落的主要代表类型。本文从群落分布区域自然环境、群落植物组成特点、群落外貌和结构特征以及主要种群的结构及动态趋势等方面对该群落进行了较全面的探讨，并将其与我国部分同类或类似群落作了系统的比较分析，阐明了该群落的性质、特征和演变趋势。1．尽管该群落分布于我国中亚热带，但区域性环境独特，使该群落保存了较强的热带残遗性和亚热带雨林特征。2．样地调查统计有维管植物61科116属171种，区系组成复杂，地理成分以热带分布类型居多，物种多样性指数较高。3．群落外貌是由中小型叶、革质与厚革叶、单叶的常绿高位芽植物所决定。群落垂直结构较复杂，地上成层较明显，优势种显著。4．主要种群及其苗木的分布格局多呈集群分布，体现出中亚热带湿性常绿阔叶林种群个体的水平空间配置及分布特点。5．群落主要种群的年龄结构均处于增长和相对稳定状态，各年龄级的分布具有较高的生态结构水平，但仍存在种间竞争替代现象，表明群落尚处于进展演替阶段。6．各样地间种类相似性较高，群落内种类分布相对一致。乔木种间联结性具有一定规律，反映了环境梯度变化和群落种类分布关系。
Abstract:(1) The community of Castanopsis platyacantha-Schima sinensis is one of the typical types of the evergreen broadleaved forest vegetation in the midsub-tropical mountainous region of West China.(2) This primary forest community distributes in an altitudinal range from 1200m to about 1600m on Emei Mountain (N29˚31′—38′, E103˚15′—28′) where the mean annual rainfall (1951—1983) was 1000mm. Ten plots (of 0.4ha)at altitudes from 1230m to 1580m on the western slope of this mountain were studied in detail.(3) There is a floristic composition with about 61 families, 116 genera and 171 species in the plots, which is interesting to note that the tropical types of family and genus occupy a noticeable position both by their numbers and Importance Values (Ⅳ.). The diversity was computed by Simpson index, shannon-Wiener index, PIE and Evenness, and the higher results are 9.71, 4.11, 0.89 and 76.57.(4) The physiognomy of the community is dominated by both the lifeform (Raunkiaer′s system, 1967) with evergreen Microphanerphytes-Moaophanerphytes and the leave characters with Microphylls-Mesophylls, Corlaceous-Thick coriaceous textures, Single form and Entire margin. The most significant characters are that there is an abundance of Liana and Epiphytes in this community.(5) The complex structure has a distinct vertical stratification which can be divided into five strata or layers (Richards, 1952). The tree stratum can be divided into three sublayers A, B and C further, and the shrub layer can be divided into two sublayers. Some higher individuals of the shrub species enter to C sublayer of the tree stratum. Both Castanopsis platyacantha and Schima sinensis occupy much higher IVs than any other tree species and become the constructive species and the dominant species of the community, which is named by.(6) The age-structures of the main tree populations are at increasing and steady states Therefore, this community has a higher ecological stability and its dynamic status is a type of progressive succession. In the other aspect, there are indications that the competitive substitute and exotic species succession coexist in the community. Moreover, other questions, e. g. patterns of the populations, similarities of the studied quadrats and associations between the species, were discussed in this paper.(7) This area is exactly located at the ecotope of rainfall peak not only on the horizonal belt but on the vertical belt of this mountain. It is the most important ecological reason why there are so many dramatic characters of the subtropical rain-forest vegetation in the southern subtropical areas of China remaining in the community of Castanopsis platyacantha-Schima sinensis on Emei Mountain.
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