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DOI:10.3736/jcim20111216
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Dusane MB,Joshi BN.Seeds of Syzygium
cumini(L.)Skeels:potential for islet regen-
eration in experimental diabetes.J Chin Integr
Med.2011;9(12):1380-1387.
Dusane MB,Joshi BN.海南蒲桃种子促进实
验性糖尿病胰岛细胞再生的研究.中西医结
合学报.2011;9(12):1380-1387.
Received July 18,2011;accepted September
16,2011;published online December 15,2011.
Ful-text LinkOut at PubMed.Journal title in
PubMed:Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao.
Correspondence:Bimba N.Joshi,PhD;Tel:
+91-020-25654357-365;E-mail:bimbajoshi
@aripune.org
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ISSN 1672-1977.Published by JCIM Press,Shanghai,China.
Original Experimental Research 实验论著
Seeds of Syzygium cumini(L.)Skeels:potential for
islet regeneration in experimental diabetes
Menakshi Bhat Dusane,Bimba N.Joshi
Biometry and Nutrition Group,Animal Science Division,Agharkar Research Institute,Pune 411004,India
Objective:The present study deals with the islet-regenerative potential of purified fraction of
Syzygium cumini(L.)Skeels seeds(SC2)in streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mice.
Methods:Diabetes was induced in Swiss mice by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ
(120 mg/kg).The treatment group mice were treated by administering oral dose of isolated
SC2 fraction of S.cumini(2 g/L)for 21 d.Blood glucose level and body weight measurements
were conducted regularly during the 21 d.On the 20th day of the experiment,oral glucose
tolerance test was performed on overnight fasted mice.Experimental mice were sacrificed at
the end of the treatment and tissues were separated.The liver glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase
(G6PD)activity and contents of hepatic and muscle glycogens were measured;levels of
plasma insulin and C-peptide were also measured.
Results:SC2-treated mice showed sustained reversal in experimental diabetes as evidenced by
restoration of normoglycemia,increases in G6PD and hepatic and muscle glycogens along with
increases in plasma insulin and C-peptide levels.The occurrence of neo-islets in histological
studies suggested regenerative property of SC2.These neo-islets were found to be producing
insulin in in vivo STZ-induced diabetic mice.
Conclusion:These findings substantiate the action of SC2 fraction isolated from S.cumini
seeds in islet regeneration and insulin secretion.Such regenerative approaches,in combination
with other therapeutic strategies may provide a better means for the control and management of
diabetes in the future.
Keywords:diabetes melitus,experimental;Syzygium;plant extracts;hypoglycemic agents;
islets of Langerhans;mice
Syzygium cumini(L.)Skeels commonly known as
Jamun or Jambolan,synonyms Syzygium jambolanum,
Eugenia cumini and Eugenia jambolan,belongs
to the Myrtaceae family and is native to the subtropi-
cal Himalayas,India,Sri Lanka,Malaysia and Aus-
tralia.S.cumini has been utilized in the tradi-
·0831· 中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
tional system of medicine (Ayurveda)for the
treatment of diabetes[1].S.cumini seeds have been
considered as an indigenous source of medicines
possessing hypoglycaemic,antipyretic,anti-in-
flammatory,antioxidant,and antihyperglycemic
properties[2-7].S.cumini is most often recommended
as an adjuvant therapy in type 2 diabetes.It is one
of the extensively studied plants in the last 125
years[8].In spite of various bioactive phytochemi-
cal constituents and diverse medicinal properties
attributed to S.cumini,there are no detailed
studies carried out to identify the mechanistic basis of
its antidiabetogenic property.We have previously re-
ported the glucosidase-inhibitory activity of S.cumini
seed extracts against murine pancreatic and intesti-
nal glucosidase[9].
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Diabetes melitus(type 1 and type 2)is a metabolic
disorder characterized by dysregulation in carbo-
hydrate,protein and fat metabolisms caused by
insufficient insulin secretion and/or insulin action[10,11].
Various oral antidiabetic agents such as sulfony-
lureas,biguanides,α-glucosidase inhibitors,glin-
ides are used to achieve glycemic control.Al
these medicines have limited efficacy and have
been reported to be associated with undesirable
side effects[12-14].As a result,attempts have been
made to discover new antidiabetic regimens derived
from plant sources[15,16].
The mechanism of islet regeneration is poorly
understood,but the identification of islet progenitor
sources is critical for understandingβcel regenera-
tion.Unraveling the mechanism of islet cel devel-
opment and regeneration represents an important
medical issue because it could lead to strategies
aimed at restoring the functionalβcel mass
which is known to be deficient or even absent in
diabetes[17].Therefore,expansion of theβcel
mass from endogenous sources,either in vivo or
in vitro,represents an area of increasing interest.
Banerjee and Bhonde[18]have demonstrated that
streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic mice retained
their pool of intra-islet precursor cels and can
give rise to mature functional islets if triggered
externaly.In such a scenario,any agent that can
increase the level of regeneration,by triggering
islet regeneration(nesidioblastosis)in the precursor
cels,would be able to retard the progression of
diabetes.Researchers are now shifting their area
of interest towards to the herbal plants that may
possess islet-neogenic activity.
One of the beneficial effects shown by antidiabetic
plants in the diabetic environment is improving
insulin action and/or enhancing insulin secretion
[19].
The plant extracts of Enicostemma littorale is
shown to be exerting beneficial effects in the diabetic
environment by improving and/or mimicking
insulin action via pancreatic islet regeneration in
in vitro studies[20].Various biomolecules like
gastrointestinal neuropeptides and colecystokinin,
have shown to stimulate pancreatic regeneration
and restoration of islet cel mass in vivo[17,21].
Terminalia catappa Linn fruits,Vinca rosea
extracts and alkaloid extract of Ephedrae herba,
Evertiamia microphylla,Enicostemma littorale,
Gymnema sylvestre,Momordica charantia and
Beta vulgaris have so far shown significant islet
regeneration effect in diabetic animals[22-29].In
the present study,we purified the active fraction
fromS.cumini seeds and further investigated its
role in islet regeneration and insulin-secretogogue
activity in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
1 Materials and methods
1.1 Plant materials and extraction S.cumini
(voucher number MBBP 6)fruits were colected
from the Western Ghats of Pune,India and were
authenticated by the Botanical Survey of India
(BSI),Pune,India.The seeds were colected after
depulping the fruits.The chloroform,methanol
and aqueous extracts were prepared sequentialy
in a Soxhlet extractor using 30 g of the dried tissue
mixed with 150 mL of the respective solvent
(100%,volume ratio)for 24 h[16,30].Chloroform,
methanol and aqueous extracts were colected and
dried under reduced pressure using a Buchi rotavapor
(Buchi,Germany)and a lyophilizer respectively
(Thermo Electron Corporation,Germany).A
·1831·中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
total of 25 mg dry weight of each crude extract
was further reconstituted in 2.5 mL of distiled
water.Al the fractions were initialy tested in the
invivoSTZ-induced diabetic mice.The chloroform
extract having significant antihyperglycemic activity
was further purified to isolate the active fraction.
1.2 Purification of active component from the
chloroform extract Chloroform extract(25 mg/mL)
was subjected to purification using silica gel(60to
120 mesh)column chromatography with 100%
chloroform solvent system.Three fractions were
eluted and out of them only one fraction(fraction
2)showed antihyperglycemic activity.The thin
layer chromatography(TLC)of active fraction 2
(5.8 mg)showed mixture of three components
under ultraviolet light.Therefore,fraction 2 was
further purified by semipreparative high-performance
liquid chromatography(HPLC,Waters,USA)system
using C18column(25 cm×10 mm;5μm particle
size)chromatography.The injection volume was
50μL and elution was carried out with a flow rate
of 0.6 mL/min using the acetonitrile-water(80∶20
volume ratio)solvent system.The detection was
set at 254 nm and the fractions were colected for
further analysis.The active fraction(SC2,1.2 mg)
was obtained and rechromatographed on the HPLC
system using the C18column to check the purity.
The mass of the fraction was determined by liquid
chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS,Waters,
USA).
1.3 Oral administration of active fraction to the
STZ-induced diabetic mice Male Swiss mice(6 to
8 weeks)were derived from a colony maintained
at the Department of Zoology,University of
Pune,India.The mice were in an air-conditioned
room at 22℃ with a light/dark cycle of 12 h and
were fed on a standard peleted diet adlibitum.
Mice were divided into three groups(six mice per
group),namely,normal control,diabetic control
and treatment groups,respectively.The diabetic
control and treatment group mice were rendered
diabetes using a single intraperitonial injection of
STZ(Sigma Chemical Co,USA)(120 mg/kg)in
citrate buffer(pH4.5).S.cumini active fraction
SC2(2 g/L,8 mg/kg)was suspended in distiled
water with 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide and
administered oraly in group of six mice for 21 d.
The remaining experimental procedure for invivo
studies was similar to what was previously described
[30].
Blood glucose level and body weight measure-
ments were conducted regularly during the 21 d.
Al the procedure was carried out under the guide-
lines of the Animal Ethical Committee of the
University of Pune,India.The toxicity analysis
of SC2 fraction on brine shrimp(Artemia salina)
developed by Michael et al
[31]was performed as
described earlier.
1.4 Oral glucose tolerance test On the 20th day
of the experiment,oral glucose tolerance test was
performed on overnight fasted mice.Glucose(2 g/kg
body weight)was administered and the blood was
colected using tail prick method.The reduction
in glucose levels was monitored at 0,30,60,90
and 120 min after glucose administration using an
AccuCheck Active Glucometer[30].
1.5 Biochemical analysis Experimental mice
were sacrificed by cervical dislocation at the end
of the treatment and tissues(pancreas,livers and
skeletal muscles)were utilized to check the overal
glucose homeostasis.Liver glucose-6-phosphate-
dehydrogenase(G6PD)activity was estimated by
Langdon’s method[32].Contents of hepatic and
muscle glycogens were estimated according to the
method developed by Sadasivam and Manickam
[33].
The levels of plasma insulin (Mercodia,Sweden)
and plasma C-peptide(Yanaihara Institute,Japan)
were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent
assay(ELISA)kits.
1.6 Histological and immunohistochemical stainings
The animals were sacrificed on the 21st day of
treatment and the pancreas was excised and fixed
in 4%formaldehyde.The multiple paralel sections
(6μm)of the pancreas from experimental mice
were taken on rotary microtome(Thermo Electron
Corporation,Germany).The sections were stained
with hematoxylin and eosin(HE)for histological
analysis.Immunohistochemical analysis was performed
using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-labeled
murine anti-insulin antibody folowed by image
analysis using a fluorescent microscope(Nikon,
Japan).
1.7 In vitro islet differentiation Human pancre-
atic carcinoma epithelial-like cel line(PANC-1)
(American type culture colection No.CRL469)
procured from the National Centre for Cel
Sciences,Pune,India was used to check the
formation of neo-islet and insulin-secretory activity
for the in vitro experiment.PANC-1 cels were
cultured in 24-wel plates at the density of
105 cels/wel with Dulbecco’s minimal essential
medium (DMEM)containing 10% fetal bovine
serum and 0.1%antibiotic solution at 37℃and
5% CO2.After adherence,cels were cultured in
serum-free culture medium containing Krebs-Ringer
bicarbonate buffer(KRBB)(containing D-glucose
1.8 g/L,magnesium chloride0.046 8 g/L,potassium
chloride 0.34 g/L,sodium chloride 7.0g/L,
sodium phosphate dibasic 0.1 g/L and sodium
phosphate 0.18 g/L).The experimental wels
were supplemented with KRBB along with different
concentrations(1,2 and 4μg)of SC2 active
fraction.The control wels were supplemented
with KRBB.The cels were observed regularly
and the medium was changed every alternate day
til the 8th day.On the 8th day the cels were
washed with KRBB.The cel differentiation was
observed on the 8th day for islet-like celular
aggregates(ICAs)under an inverted microscope.
To evaluate the total number and assess the speci-
ficity of the newly generated islets,these ICAs
·2831· 中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
were washed with Hank’s balanced salt solution
(HBSS)and stained with insulin-specific dye
dithiozone(DTZ)(Sigma,St.Louis,USA),and
visualized under an inverted microscope(Olympus,
Tokyo,Japan)[18].
1.8 Immunocharacterization of functional celular
aggregates In order to check the functionality of
the islets to produce insulin with SC2,the ICAs
were fixed with 4% paraformadehyde solution.
The fixed cels were incubated in blocking solu-
tion (1% bovine serum albumin and 1% phos-
phate buffer saline)for 1 h.After incubation,
ICAs were stained with murine anti-insulin anti-
body(dilution 1∶1 000)overnight at 4℃.The
ICAs were then washed with washing buffer and
further incubated with FITC-labeled secondary
antibody(dilution 1∶500)for 1 h at room tem-
perature.The ICAs were observed for insulin-
positive,functional islets under a florescent
microscope(Nikon,Japan).
1.9 Statistical analysis Results were expressed
as mean±standard deviation.Statistical analysis
was carried out using one-way analysis of variance
folowed by Dunnett t test.P value less than 0.05
was considered to be statisticaly significant.
2 Results
2.1 HPLC analysis of active fraction SC2 S.cumini
chloroform extract showing significant antihyper-
glycemic activity was subjected to purification.
Crude extract(25 mg/mL)was first fractionated
with silica gel(60 to 120 mesh)column chroma-
tography using 100%chloroform.Forty fractions
were colected and analyzed on TLC.The frac-
tions showing similar profile on TLC were pooled
yielding three major fractions.The fraction 2
(5.8 mg)exhibiting significant antidiabetic activity
in vivo was further purified by semipreparative
HPLC system using C18 column and denoted as
SC2 (1.2 mg).The purified fraction was re-
chromatographed on HPLC to check the purity of
the fraction.Figure 1 shows the single peak obtained
after purification indicating the purity of the frac-
tion.The mass of active fraction SC2 was esti-
mated to be 336.5 m/z.
2.2 Toxicity analysis The lethal concentration
(LC50)value obtained after brine shrimp toxicity
analysis of SC2 fraction was 12.33 mg/mL.The
total dosage of 2.1 mg of SC2 fraction was admin-
istered to mice within 21 d which is very minimal
to show any toxicity.
2.3 Oral glucose tolerance and antihyperglycemic
activity of SC2 Supplementation of SC2improved
the oral glucose tolerance in the STZ-induced
diabetic mice after 20 d of treatment.The fasting
blood glucose levels of diabetic control mice were
significantly higher than those of the normal
control mice(P<0.01).SC2-treated mice showed
reduced fasting glucose level,acquiring good glycemic
control which reveals its antihyperglycemic activity
(Table 1).
2.4 Biochemical analysis Glycolytic enzyme
G6PD was increased after treatment with SC2
fraction.SC2 treatment also improved the levels
of hepatic and muscle glycogens,respectively.
Glycogen contents of the diabetic mice were sig-
nificantly lower than those of the normal control
mice(P<0.01).This indicated the role of SC2in
normalization of glycogenesis and carbohydrate
metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic mice.Plasma
insulin and C-peptide levels of diabetic mice treated
with SC2 were increased when compared with those
of the untreated diabetic control mice(Table 2).
Figure 1 HPLC chromatogram of SC2fraction
HPLC chromatogram of SC2fraction using semipreparative HPLC system using C18column(25cm×10mm;5μm particle size)in acetonitrile-
water(80∶20volume ratio)solvent system.HPLC:high-performance liquid chromatography;SC2:purified fraction of Syzygium cumini.
·3831·中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
Table 1 Oral glucose tolerance test results of each group
(mean±standard deviation)
Group n
Fasting blood glucose level(mg/L)
0min 30min 60min 90min 120min
Normal control 6 820.0±91.2 1 400.0±87.6 1 320.0±82.5 1 150.0±85.6 830.0±75.6
Diabetic control 6 4 560.0±102.3** 4 760.0±112.5** 4 630.0±104.5** 4 710.0±112.5** 4 810.0±123.5**
SC2treatment 6 840.0±92.5 890.0±91.2 1 100.0±78.6 1 030.0±81.6 980.0±86.9
**P<0.01,vs normal control group.SC2:purified fraction of Syzygium cumini.
Table 2 Biochemical and enzymatic analysis results of each group
(mean±standard deviation)
Group n G6PD(U/mg)
Glycogen(μg/L)
Hepatic Muscle
Plasma insulin
(ng/L)
Plasma C-peptide(μg/L)
Normal control 6 0.013 0±0.000 1 70±2 91±4 130±10 10.79±1.23
Diabetic control 6 0.005 4±0.000 2** 30±5** 42±3** 34±10** 3.76±0.56**
SC2treatment 6 0.009 9±0.000 4 61±3 89±4 110±20 8.77±1.01
**P<0.01,vs normal control group.SC2:purified fraction of Syzygium cumini;G6PD:glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase.
2.5 Histological and immunohistochemical analysis
The histological and immunohistochemical
stainings were performed on pancreas of experi-
mental mice to check the role of SC2 in retaining
islet morphology.SC2-treated pancreas revealed
distinct(nesidioblastosis)islet regeneration with
a connection between the newly formed islets and
the ductal precursor cels(Figure 2A).The func-
tionality of newly formed islets was confirmed
with positive reaction with FITC-labeled anti-
insulin antibody (Figure 2B),whereas diabetic
pancreas had shrunken,deformed islets,negative
for insulin staining(Figures 2E and 2F).
2.6 Immunocharacterization of in vitroislet regen-
eration PANC-1 of pancreatic nature having
stem cel-like property was chosen to verify the islet-
neogenic activity of SC2 fraction.Different con-
centrations of SC2 were added to PANC-1 cel line
and it was observed that maximum concentration
4μg showed cel differentiation after 8 d in the
serum-free culture medium.The presence of islet-
like clusters(ICAs)(54.00±10.26islets per a 24-
wel plate(where P =0.05)was observed which
in turn,developed into wel-defined islets.The
generated ICAs were stained positive for DTZ
and appeared crimson red in color,confirming
the differentiation of the cels into newly formed
islets after culturing with SC2 (Figure 3A).
Immunopositivity of ICAs with FITC-labeled anti-
insulin antibody proved that the newly formed islets
in in vitro culture are functionaly differentiated
islets(Figure 3B).
Figure 2 Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of pancreatic sections from SC2-treated
mice(A,B),normal control mice(C,D)and diabetic control mice(E,F)
The development of newly formed neo-islets from the pancreatic duct can be seen with SC2treatment with 1:newly formed islet;2:connection
between the duct and the islet;3:duct from which the islet sprouted.A,C and E are the HE staining results under a light microscope with
magnification of 480;B,D and F are the FITC staining results under a fluorescent microscope with magnification of 480.SC2:purified fraction
of Syzygium cumini;HE:hematoxylin and eosin;FITC:flourescein isothiocyanate.
·4831· 中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
Figure 3 Newly generated islets(ICAs)in human pancreatic carcinoma epithelial-like cel line
after SC2treatment(Fluorescent microscope,×480)
The ICAs are stained positive with DTZ(A)and FITC-labeled insulin antibody(B),revealing insulin-positive celular aggregates.ICAs:islet-
like celular aggregates;SC2:purified fraction of Syzygium cumini;DTZ:dithiozone;FITC:fluorescein isothiocyanate.
3 Discussion
S.cumini is an important medicinal plant
known to possess numerous therapeutic properties
such as antihyperglycemic and antioxidant activi-
ties[34,35].In our earlier study,we had demonstrated
the in vitro glucosidase-inhibitory activity of
chloroform extract of S.cumini seeds in porcine
pancreatic and murine intestinal and pancreatic
glucosidases[9].The in vivo study using S.cumini
chloroform extract revealed the significant islet
regeneration and insulin secretagogue activity in
STZ-induced diabetic mice along with moderate
glucosidase-inhibitory activity.Based on these
findings,in the present study we purified the
active fraction from S.cumini chloroform
extract with islet-regenerative activity.The active
fraction was denoted as SC2.
In diabetes there is a decrease in functional
mass ofβcels,so replacing missingβcels or trig-
gering their regeneration may alow for improve-
ment in the control of diabetes.Since the replica-
tive potential ofβcels is limited,therefore
search for factors that trigger islet neogenesis is
important[36].In this study we showed the ability
of S.cumini active fraction SC2 to regenerate
pancreatic islets in STZ-induced diabetic mice.
The regeneration of islets was observed histologi-
caly with a presence of nesdioblastosis,that is,
connection between the islets and the ductal
precursor cels(Figure 2A).These newly formed
islets were confirmed to be functional with evidence
of insulin-producingβcels as seen in immunohis-
tochemical analysis using FITC-labeled murine
anti-insulin antibody (Figure 2B).The islet
regeneration and stimulation of insulin-secretory
effect observed from these newly formed islets
after SC2 treatment could be responsible for the
homeostasis of the glucose metabolism,suggesting
SC2’s role in normalization of glucose metabolism
(Table 2).This was further supported by the
increase in plasma insulin and C-peptide levels as
valuable indices for endogenous insulin secretion
after SC2 treatment(Table 2).Histological and
immunohistological studies support the regeneration
of islets by SC2 fraction,as a possible mechanism
of their antidiabetogenic activity in diabetic mice
(Figure 2).Many plants and their components such
as pancreas tonic and ephedrine and Gymnema
sylvestre leaf extracts has been reported to show
pancreatic islet regeneration and stimulation of
insulin release in diabetic animals[23,25,37].
It was reported that intrinsic factors present
within the pancreas could somehow “sense”the
islet mass and manage homeostasis of theβcel
mass in normal healthy condition
[36-42].However,
although these factors are intrinsic,they can be
modulated by extrinsic factors such as diet,
pancreatectomy,etc[43].This indicates that SC2
fraction can be acting on intrinsic factors which
stimulates islet regeneration and plays a role in
regeneration and insulin-secretory activity in in
vivo diabetic mice.Therefore,we further tested
SC2 in in vitro cel line PANC-1 of pancreatic
nature having stem cel-like property for in vitro
islet differentiation.PANC-1 cel line was chosen
as a suitable model system because it was reported
to show islet differentiation with active herbal
components without any intrinsic factors
[7].The
PANC-1 cels in presence of SC2led to the forma-
tion of ICAs(Figure 3A)while there was no cel
aggregation observed in the control wels,which
confirms that the aggregation and maturation of
the islets was brought about by SC2.The identity
of these ICAs was established by the use of the
insulin-specific DTZ staining.The capacity of
these aggregates to produce insulin was further
confirmed by positive reaction to FITC-labeled
anti-insulin antibodies which indicates the celular
aggregates to be newly formed islets i n vitro
(Figure 3B).This supports that SC2 has a potential
to regenerate islets without any help from endogenous
factors.
4 Conclusion
The present study demonstrates for the first
time S.cumini SC2 fraction carries the potential
to induce islet neogenesis and is capable of bringing
·5831·中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12
about nesidioblastosis in vivo as wel as in vitro.
On the basis of our findings,we hypothesize that
newly formed pancreatic islets may be the source
ofβcels for subsequentβcel expansion and pro-
liferation.Such regenerative approaches,in com-
bination with other therapeutic strategies may
provide a better means for the control and man-
agement of diabetes in the future.
5 Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge Depart-
ment of Zoology,University of Pune,India for
providing animal house facilities and Council of
Scientific and Industrial Research(CSIR,Government
of India)for financial support.Menakshi Bhat
Dusane also would like to acknowledge CSIR,
India for Senior Research Felowship.
6 Competing interests
The authors declare that they have no competing
interests.
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海南蒲桃种子促进实验性糖尿病胰岛细胞再生的研究
Menakshi Bhat Dusane,Bimba N.Joshi
Biometry and Nutrition Group,Animal Science Division,Agharkar Research Institute,Pune 411004,India
目的:研究海南蒲桃(Syzygium cumini)种子提取物SC2对链脲霉素诱导的实验性糖尿病小鼠胰岛细胞再
生的作用。
方法:瑞士小鼠腹膜内注射链脲霉素诱导实验性糖尿病。治疗组给予口服海南蒲桃种子提取物SC2(2g/L)
共21d,期间有规律地测量小鼠血糖和体质量。第20天进行口服葡萄糖耐量实验。实验结束后处死小鼠并
分离组织。测量肝组织内葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性、肝糖元和肌糖元含量、血浆胰岛素及血浆C肽水平。
结果:经SC2治疗的实验性糖尿病小鼠血糖水平恢复正常,肝组织内葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性升高,肝糖元
和肌糖元含量升高,血浆胰岛素和C肽水平升高。组织学结果显示,SC2治疗组出现新生胰岛细胞,提示
SC2具有促进胰岛细胞生成的作用。这些新生胰岛细胞可以在实验性糖尿病小鼠体内产生胰岛素。
结论:本研究结果证明了海南蒲桃种子提取物SC2在胰岛再生和胰岛素分泌中的作用。这种作用结合其他
的治疗策略可能在将来为临床控制糖尿病提供一个更理想的途径。
关键词:糖尿病,实验性;蒲桃属;植物提取物;降血糖药;胰岛;小鼠
·7831·中西医结合学报2011年12月第9卷第12期 Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine,December 2011,Vol.9,No.12