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作 者 ：孙福红^1,2;周启星^1,3

期 刊 ：应用生态学报 2006年 17卷 03期 页码：530-534

关键词：污染；

摘 要 ：

沙蚕（Nereis diversicolor）是一种栖息于海陆交错带、具有重要生态学意义的无脊椎动物.近年来发现，沙蚕体内能够蓄积大量的重金属等有毒有害污染物，且表现出较强的污染耐性.文中就沙蚕对重金属和有机污染物具有的污染耐性特征和最新国内外研究进展进行了概述，并就其污染耐性形成的机理进行了分析.沙蚕的污染耐性机制可能是通过多种生态化学过程实现的，包括通过大量粘液的分泌，在沙蚕体表形成一层保护膜；与有效态以及溶解于水中的污染物离子结合，从而降低污染物的生物可利用性；加快排泄速率等.更多的研究认为，沙蚕将吸收进入体内的重金属等有毒有害污染物以无毒的形式存贮，达到解毒的目的.这些无毒形式主要包括:与金属结合蛋白MTs和MTLP的结合物，热稳定硫醇化合物（CHSTC），或者与重金属相互结合形成不溶性的溶酶体/微粒和结石等颗粒物或沉淀物.最后，对沙蚕生态毒理学研究以及耐性机制研究的工作重点进行了展望.

Abstract:

Nereis diversicolor is an ecologically keystone species of invertebrate that lives in the mud of marineterrestrial interlaced zone.This species can accumulate a large number of toxic heavy metals such as copper,cadmium and zinc in its body,and thus,shows a high endurance against toxic heavy metals.This paper summarized the latest research advance at home and abroad in the characteristics and mechanisms of N.diversicolor endurance against heavy metals and organic contaminants.N.diversicolor could achieve its heavy metals-endurance through several eco-chemical processes,e.g.,mucus secretion and contaminants excretion.The former could form a protective layer or integrate with dissolved ions of pollutants,and thus,decrease the bioavailability of pollutants,while the latter could lessen the pollutants^,bio-toxicity.More researches believe that the toxic heavy metals in N.diverdicolor body are stored in non-toxic physicochemical forms,i.e.,bound to metalbinding protein,such as metallothionein (MTs),metallothionein-like proteins (MTLP) and cytosolic heat-stable thiolic compounds (CHSTC),or incorporated into insoluble deposits or granules.The pivots of future researches on the ecotoxicology of N.diversicolor and its endurance mechanisms against pollutants were proposed.

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