全 文 :286
Modern Landscape Architecture
朱顶红幼嫩花器官离体诱导试管小鳞茎的研究
A Study on Bulblets Induced from Immature Floral Organs of Hippeastrum hybridum In vitro
于波 黄丽丽 孙映波 朱根发 *
Yu Bo, Huang Lili, Sun Yingbo, Zhu Genfa*
摘 要:以荷兰进口大花朱顶红品种“美丽参半”(Half&Half)盆栽植株为材料,对幼嫩的子房和小花梗进行体外培养,建立
了高效的植株再生体系。试验于 2014 年 2 月份采集刚刚抽薹而花苞尚未打开时的花蕾作为外植体。简化了表面消毒程序:在
超净台中将包裹着外苞片的花蕾先用 70% 乙醇浸泡 10min,然后用无菌水清洗 3 次即可。先去除外苞片,然后在无菌滤纸上用
手术刀将小花梗和子房切片,厚度约 1 mm,平放于诱导培养基上进行黑暗培养,温度 25±1℃。在 TDZ(0.25、0.5、1.0 或
2.0mg·L-1)+2,4-D1.0mg·L-1 系 列 培 养 基 上 的 比 较 试 验 后, 结 果 表 明: 小 花 梗 不 定 芽 诱 导 适 宜 培 养 基 为 MS+
0.5mg·L-1TDZ+1.0mg·L-12,4-D+30g·L-1 蔗糖,pH5.8;子房不定芽诱导适宜培养基为 MS+1.0mg·L-1TDZ+1.0mg·L-12,4-
D+30g·L-1 蔗糖,pH5.8。培养过程中,小花梗和子房的外表面陆续形成突状物,8 周后形成不定芽,不定芽诱导率均达 100%。
为降低生长调节剂对试管鳞茎生根的影响,将带有不定芽的外植体转移至 MS+ 蔗糖 30g·L-1+ 琼脂 8.0g·L-1(pH6.0)培养基上
培养,温度 25±1℃,光照强度 54µmol·m-2·s-1,光周期为光照 14h/ 黑暗 10h。8 周后,每个小花梗外植体平均可形成 11.0 个
小鳞茎,每个子房外植体平均可形成 9.3 个小鳞茎。利用扫描电镜技术观察小鳞茎淀粉粒分布和形态特征;同时利用组织切片(苏
木精和碘 - 碘化钾复染)对不同层次的小鳞茎淀粉分布及特征进行分析,结果表明:淀粉粒集中分布于鳞茎外层细胞,内层细胞较少;
成熟淀粉粒呈圆球形,直径约 25µm,表面较光滑。本研究为朱顶红种球生产提供支持,并为其鳞茎膨大机理(鳞茎和叶片的“库”
和“源”功能)研究提供离体模型。
关键词:美朱顶红;花器官;试管小鳞茎;再生
文章编号:1003-6997(2015)04-0286-02 中图分类号:S682.36 文献标识码:A
作者简介
于波/977年生/男/辽宁大连人/助理研究员/博士/主要从事观赏植物育种、栽培与分子生物学研究
朱根发 (通讯作者)/1968年出生/男/江西瑞金人/研究员/博士/主要从事兰花种质资源鉴定评价、遗传育种、分子生物学、细胞学、组织培养
与快速繁殖技术的研究
基金项目 广东省重点实验室建设支撑项“石蒜科重要花卉资源收集、鉴评与关键产业技术研究”,编号 2012A061100007
收稿日期 2015-03-10 修回日期 2015-03-10 接收日期 2015-03-10
广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所,广东省园林花卉种质创新综合利用重点实验室,广州 510640
Environmental Horticulture Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Key Lab. of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and
Utilization, Guangzhou 510640
发育:生理、生化和分子调控
Development: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Regulation
2015,12(4):286-287.
发育:生理、生化和分子调控
287
Abstract: This study established plant regeneration system of Hippeastrum hybridum through bulblets induced from tender
ovaries and peduncles In vitro. The results suggested that the most optimal conditions of cultivation included: sterilizing explants
by soaking in 70% ethyl alcohol for 10min; adventitious buds from tender peduncles were induced in Murashige and Skoog (MS)
medium supplemented with 0.5mg·L-1N-phenyl-N’-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea(TDZ), 1.0mg·L-12,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid (2,4-D), and 30g·L-1 sucrose ( pH 6.0 ); adventitious buds from ovaries were induced in MS medium supplemented
with 1.0mg·L-1 TDZ and 1.0mg·L-1 2,4-D, and 30g·L-1 sucrose ( pH 6.0). Adventitious buds could root and further expand
into bulblets in culture medium without growth regulators. Under these circumstances, 11.0 bulblets were formed from each
tender peduncle, and 9.3 for each ovary in average. Through scanning electron microscope and histological section technique,
moreover, the distribution and morphological characteristics of starch grains in bulblets were analyzed. The results showed that
starch grains centrally distributed in outer bulblet cells but fewer in inner cells; mature starch grains shaped in spherosomes
with a diameter in 25µm and smoother surfaces. These results provided good technique supports for effecient production
of bulblets with tissue culture, as well as in studying the bulblets development and expanding mechanism in Hippeastrum
hybridum.
Key words: Hippeastrum hybridum; floral organ; In vitro; bulblet; regeneration