Sterility changeover induced by low temperature in male sterility line CMS7311 of heading Chinese cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis ) was investigated under constant temperature, day/night alternating temperature in light-growth-incubator and outdoor natural day/night alternating temperature respectively. It showed that the sterility of CMS7311 has significant change with temperature. The constant temperature of 6-12℃ was suitable to induce the changeover of sterility (CGS) of CMS7311; the shortest treatment time for CGS induction at this temperature was 3 d. The significant value of sterility changeover of CMS7311 occurred at the constant temperature of 6-9℃ after treatment for 6-9 d. The intensity of CGS was stronger under constant temperature than under alternate temperature, but the shortest treatment time inducing CGS has no difference between them. When treated for 9 d under the day/night alternating temperature of 11/7 ℃, its sterility could also turn to normal fertility (near to sterile grade 1 or zero). In normal condition, the interval from the end of temperature treatment to the beginning of CGS induction was 10-16 d. In the condition of natural day/night alternating temperature, the lower limit of temperature for effective CGS induction was at the daily mean temperature (DMT) of 3.5-6.8℃, and the shortest treatment time which could induce the sterility changeover was also longer than that under constant temperature, being 11 d at DMT of 1.5-3.1℃. In addition, for the apical dominance, the flower bud on the first lateral branch showed the CGS 8-10 d later than the flower bud on the main stem under the same temperature with the same days of treatment. The intensity of CGS of CMS7311 on the first lateral branch was also weaker than the flower bud on the main stem.
结球白菜温度敏感细胞质雄性不育系CMS7311 育性转换的研究
张鲁刚* 郝东方
（西北农林科技大学园艺学院，陕西杨凌712100）
摘要：在人工控温和田间自然变温条件下,研究了结球白菜(Brassica campestris L. ssp. penkinsis)胞质雄性不育系CMS7311育性转换的温度特征.结果表明:随温度变化CMS7311有明显的育性转换,人工恒温和人工变温条件下诱导CMS7311发生育性转换(不育→可育)的温度范围为日均温6～12 ℃,有效诱导的最短时间为3 d,显著诱导的温度范围为6～9 ℃.自然变温条件下,有效诱导的温度低限为日均温3.5～6.8 ℃,但诱导育性转换的最短时间要适当加长.无论恒温还是变温,在日均温9 ℃下处理9 d育性转换达到最大,接近正常可育(0级或1级).正常情况下,温度处理后到发生育性转换大约需要10～16 d,育性转换发生在孢原细胞形成至花粉分化阶段.由于白菜生长的顶端优势作用,在相同诱导条件下,同一植株侧枝较主枝的育性转换时间晚8～10 d,且转换程度较弱.
关键词： 结球白菜；CMS7311；育性转换；温度敏感
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