全 文 ：植 物 分 类 学 报 45 (5): 708–712(2007) doi:10.1360/aps06037
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica http://www.plantsystematics.com
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Received: 13 March 2006 Accepted: 30 May 2007
* Author for correspondence. E-mail: .
Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L.
Chen & H. N. Qin, a new variety of Balsaminaceae
from Guangxi, China
1,2YU Sheng-Xiang 1CHEN Yi-Lin 1QIN Hai-Ning*
1(State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences,
Beijing 100093, China)
2(Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China)
Abstract Impatiens macrovexilla Y. L. Chen var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen & H.
N. Qin, a new variety of Balsaminaceae from Guangxi, China, is described. Variety
yaoshanensis differs from the typical variety by having ovate-orbicular or ovate-oblong leaves,
entire lateral sepals, an obvious auricle and entire distal lobe of the alae and visibly ridged
seeds. Micromorphological characters of the pollen grains and seed surface under SEM of the
two varieties also support the recognition of this taxon.
Key words Impatiens, Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen & H.
N. Qin, new variety, Balsaminaceae, Guangxi, China.
In 2004, one of us (Yu) carried out field exploration in Guangxi and collected many
species of Impatiens. After studying the collections morphologically and comparing their
distributions, we noted that some plants resembling Impatiens macrovexilla Y. L. Chen did
not match that species exactly. We then observed the micromorphology of the pollen grains
and seed coat and determined that the collections represented a new variety, which we here
describe.
1 Material and methods
Materials: Specimens used in this study are housed in the Institute of Botany herbarium
(PE; Table 1).

Table 1 Source of material
Taxon Locality Voucher
Impatiens macrovexilla Y. L. Chen
var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L.
Chen & H. N. Qin
Jinxiu, Guangxi (广西金秀) S. X. Yu (于胜祥) 3661 (PE)
Impatiens macrovexilla Y. L. Chen
var. macrovexilla
Guilin, Guangxi (广西桂林) S. X. Yu (于胜祥) 3350 (PE)


Methods: Mature, full, pollen grains and seeds from specimens were directly observed
and measured under magnification using anatomical lens. We then mounted the pollen grains
and seeds on stubs using double sided adhesive tape and coated them with a layer of gold and
studied and photographed them using a HITACHI S-570 SEM fitted with a camera. The
morphological characters are described according to references for pollen grains (Wang &
Wang, 1983) and for seeds (Liu et al., 2004), respectively. The average, maximum and
minimum values were calculated based on data from 20 pollen grains and 20 seeds.
No. 5 YU et al.: Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis, a new variety of Balsaminaceae from China 709
2 Results
2.1 Seeds
Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis: Seeds ellipsoid, 2.5(2.3–2.6)×1.6(1.5–1.7)
mm, L (length) / W (width) ratio = 1.56 (Fig. 1: E). Surface ornamentation obviously tubercular,
brown; seed coat scrobiculate (Fig. 1: F); scrobiculi with small protuberances (Fig. 1: D).






































Fig. 1. A–C, G, H, SEM photomicrographs of Impatiens macrovexilla var. macrovexilla. A–C, Seed. A, Whole view. B,
C, Partial view. G, H, Pollen grain. G, Polar view. H, Partial view. D–F, I, J, SEM photomicrographs of Impatiens
macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis. D–F, Seed. D, F, Partial view. E, Whole view. I, J, Pollen grain. I, Polar view. J, Partial
view.
Scale bars: A, 0.60 mm; B, 0.50 mm; C, D, 15 μm; E, 0.86 mm; F, 50 μm; G, I, 12 μm; H, J, 3 μm.

Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica Vol. 45 710
Impatiens macrovexilla var. macrovexilla: Seeds subspheroid, 1.6(1.3–1.7)×1.3(1.2–
1.5) mm, L/W ratio = 1.23 (Fig. 1: A). Surface ornamentation slightly tubercular, brown; seed
coat scrobiculate (Fig. 1: B), scrobiculi glabrous (Fig. 1: C).
2.2 Pollen grains
Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis: Pollen grains suboblate, irregularly reticulate,
average size E1×E2 = 28.81(27.13–29.98)×24.18(23.70–24.82) μm (Fig. 1: I).
Impatiens macrovexilla var. macrovexilla: Pollen grains suboblate, E1×E2 = 34.58
(33.65–35.82)×28.82 (27.31–30.90) μm (Fig. 1: G).
Although the surface of the pollen grains in both varieties is reticulate, the muri of var.
macrovexilla are much smoother than in var. yaoshanensis (Fig. 1: H, J).
3 Discussion
Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis is characterized by its ovate-orbicular or
ovate-oblong leaves, entire later sepals, obvious auricle wings, lobe of wings unlobed distally
and seeds visibly ridged. These characteristics are different from those found in the typical
species. There are also obvious differences in the micro morphology of the seed coat and
pollen grains of the two varieties.
4 Taxonomic treatment
Impatiens macrovexilla Y. L. Chen var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen & H. N. Qin,
var. nov. Fig. 2
A var. macrovexilla differt foliis ovato-orbiculatis vel ovato-oblongis, sepalis lateralibus
integris, lobis distalibus integris, auricula dorsalis reflexa, seminis rugosis.
Annual herbs, 40–60 cm tall, glabrous. Stems fleshy, erect, simple or branched above the
middle, often rooting at lower swollen nodes. Leaves alternate, somewhat aggregated distally,
subsessile or petiolate; petiole to 2.5 cm long; blade 6–8(–12) cm long, 2.5–4.5 cm wide,
orbicular-ovate or elliptic-lanceolate, base attenuate with 1–2 pair glands, margin crenate,
apically fimbriate, apex acuminate or more or less caudate, abaxially pale green, adaxially
dark green, both surfaces glabrous, midvein on lower surface obvious, lateral veins 6–8 pairs,
arcuate. Inflorescences in upper leaf axils, (1)2-flowered. Peduncle 4–7 cm long, glabrous;
pedicel 3–4 cm long, slender, bracteate in middle; bracts 3–4 mm long, linear, persistent.
Flowers 4.5–5.5 cm long, reddish. Sepals 3, lateral sepals 2, 4–5 mm long, green, obliquely
ovate, apex acuminate. Lip (lower sepal) ca. 1.2 cm long, narrowly infundibuliform, mouth
truncate, apex obtuse, reddish, constricted to spur; spur 3–3.5 cm long, slightly incurved or
straight, apex slightly bifid. Standard ca. 1.6 cm long, ca. 3.5 cm wide, oblate or reniform,
apex emarginate, dorsal appendage ca. 4 mm long, green, crested. Wings ca. 2 cm long, with
deep reddish patches at base; basal lobe ca. 5 mm long, ca. 2 mm wide, narrowly
ovate-lanceolate, apex acuminate; distal wing ca. 1.5 cm long, ca. 1.1 cm wide, semiorbicular,
inner margin emarginate, appendaged, appendage auricle shaped, inflexed, apex obliquely
acuminate. Stamens 5; filaments ca. 3 mm long, linear; anthers without appendage, apex
obtuse. Ovary 4–5 mm long, erect, glabrous. Capsule 2–2.5 cm long, clavate, polyspermous;
seeds subellipsoid, 2.5×1.6 mm, L/W = 1.56, brown, obviously rugose. Fl. Apr.–Jun., Fr.
May–Jul.
China. Guangxi (广西): Jinxiu (金秀), 2005-05-22, S. X. Yu (于胜祥) 3661 (holotype,
PE), near Mt. Shengtang Shan (圣堂山), 2005-05-23, S. X. Yu (于胜祥) 3669 (IBK, PE),
2003-08-01, Y. Liu et al. (刘演等) H0403 (IBK, PE).

No. 5 YU et al.: Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis, a new variety of Balsaminaceae from China 711















































Fig. 2. Impatiens macrovexilla var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen & H. N. Qin. A, habit; B, bract; C, lateral sepal;
D, vexillum; E, alae; F, labellum; G, filaments and anthers; H, ovary; I, capsule; J, base of a leaf. Drawn by Y. B. Sun from
S. X. Yu 3661.
Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica Vol. 45 712
Acknowledgements We are deeply grateful to Dr. David BOUFFORD for checking English.
We thank Mr. SUN Jing-Tian for his help with the microphotography and scanning electron
microscope (SEM), and Mr. SUN Ying-Bao for drawing the habit illustrations.
References
Liu C-J (刘长江), Lin Q (林祁), He J-X (贺建秀). 2004. Methods and terminology of study on seed
morphology from China. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica (西北植物学报) 24: 178–188.
Wang K-F (王开发), Wang X-Z (王宪曾). 1983. Outline of Palynology (孢粉学概论). Beijing: Beijing
University Press. 1–205.

广西凤仙花属(凤仙花科)一新变种——瑶山凤仙花
1,2于胜祥 1陈艺林 1覃海宁*
1(系统与进化植物学国家重点实验室, 中国科学院植物研究所 北京 100093)
2(中国科学院研究生院 北京 100049)

摘要 描述了中国广西凤仙花科Balsaminaceae凤仙花属Impatiens一新变种——瑶山凤仙花I. macrovexilla
var. yaoshanensis S. X. Yu, Y. L. Chen & H. N. Qin。该变种与原变种不同在于叶卵圆形或卵状矩圆形, 侧
生萼片全缘, 翼瓣的上部裂片全缘, 翼瓣背部的小耳明显, 此外花粉形态和种皮纹饰等性状也支持该
变种的建立。
关键词 凤仙花属; 瑶山凤仙花; 新变种; 凤仙花科; 广西; 中国