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作 者 ：段晓男,王效科,逯非,欧阳志云

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 2期 页码：463~469

关键词：湿地；固碳速率；固碳潜力；湿地保护；

Keywords:wetlands, carbon sequestration rate, carbon sequestration potential, wetland protection,

摘 要 ：固碳是湿地重要的生态系统服务功能之一。通过资料调研和分析，对我国湿地的固碳速率和固碳潜力进行了评价。结果表明，我国各种类型沼泽湿地总的固碳能力为4.91TgC•a^-1。红树林湿地和沿海盐沼的固碳速率最高。我国湖泊湿地的固碳潜力为1.98TgC•a^-1, 其中东部平原地区湖泊湿地的固碳速率和能力最大。恢复湿地可以提高我国陆地生态系统的固碳潜力，其中退田还湖和退田还泽的固碳潜力分别为30.26 GgC•a^-1和0.22 GgC•a^-1，而湿地保护工程在2005~2010年之间的固碳潜力为6.57 GgC•a^-1。

Abstract:As one of the important ecosystem services of wetlands, carbon sequestration of lakes and swamps in China were investigated in this paper. Based on the reported bulk density and total organic carbon content, we estimated the carbon sequestration rate of major lakes and swamps regions in China. The carbon sequestration capacity of lakes of the whole country was 1981.87GgC•a-1. Lakes in East China exhibited the highest carbon sequestration rate and the greatest carbon sequestration capacity. Swamps demonstrated a total higher carbon sequestration of 4.91TgC, 147 times greater than that of lakes in China. Among the five varieties of swamps, mangrove had the highest carbon sequestration rate of 44427 gC•m-2 •a-1, while the inland marsh was of the greatest carbon sequestration capacity, the amount was 150112 GgC a-1. Wetlands reclamation led to huge amount of carbon emission, and the carbon loss due to reclamation of lakes and swamps were 0.82 and 26.9Tg, respectively. After the great flood in 1998, wetlands recovery policies such as returning farms to lakes and swamps were implemented. The carbon sequestration potential of wetlands recovery was 3048GgC•a-1, including 3026GgC•a-1 from returning farms to lakes and 0.22GgC•a-1 from returning farms to swamps. Under the ongoing National Wetland Conservation Action Plan, the carbon sequestration potential of wetland restoration was estimated at 6.57GgC•a-1. Accordingly, wetland protection and restoration can improve the carbon sequestration potential of wetlands.

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