作 者 ：欧芷阳,苏志尧*,叶永昌,朱剑云,刘颂颂
期 刊 ：生态学报 2009年 29卷 2期 页码：984~992
关键词：地表植被；土壤化学特性；MRPP；CCA 排序；指示种分析；
Keywords:ground vegetation, soil chemical properties, MRPP, CCA, indicator species analysis,
摘 要 ：为探讨由草本、灌木和蕨类植物等组成的地表植被对表土化学性质的响应，研究基于200 m×200 m的UTM网格在东莞大岭山及同沙设置样地，进行地表植被调查并采集土壤样品。在38个网格样地单元的中心分别设置一个20 m×20 m的样方调查地表维管植物并采集1个土壤混合样品，以分析地表植被与表土化学性质的关系。调查记录到地表维管植物122种，共计18 426株，其中，蕨类植物12种、草本植物52种、藤本植物13种、灌木45种。多响应置换过程(Multi-response Permutation Procedures)分析结果表明，土壤pH 值、阳离子交换量（CEC）、土壤全氮(TN)、速效磷(AvP)和速效钾(AvK)均影响着地表维管植物的种类组成。典范对应分析(CCA)进一步证实了土壤CEC、全磷(TP)以及AvK对该地区地表维管植物种类组成及群落分布有着重要的影响。在一些土壤pH值较低或AvK、CEC、TN含量比较丰富的地段，地表维管植物的多度也相对较高。相关分析表明，土壤因子中的TN与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数间呈显著负相关，与生态优势度间呈显著正相关；土壤CEC和AvK均与Shannon-Wiener多样性指数间呈显著正相关，但AvK与生态优势度之间为显著负相关关系。指示种分析表明，有23种地表维管植物对特定土壤因子的指示值≥35，具有显著的指示作用。这些种类对于监测和评价东莞的土壤环境有着广阔的应用前景。
Abstract:Ground vegetation consists of herbs, shrubs, ferns and vines, which are easily affected by soil factors because of shallow rooting. In order to assess the response of ground vegetation to topsoil chemical variables, i.e., pH, total nitrogen (TN), available nitrogen (AvN), available phosphorus (AvP), available potassium (AvK), soil organic matter (SOM), and cation exchange capacity (CEC), plant censuses and composite soil samples were collected from Dalingshan and Tongsha of Dongguan, South China, which were based on a grid system of 200 m×200 m superimposed on the topographic map of the study sites. A 400-m2 plot was set up at the center of each of the 38 grid squares for plant census and the collection of a composite soil sample. A total of 18 426 vascular ground plants representing 122 species were recorded, including 12 species of ferns, 52 species of herbs, 13 species of vines and 45 species of shrubs. Multi-response Permutation Procedures (MRPP) showed that variations in species composition of vascular ground vegetation was associated with soil pH, CEC, TN, AvP, and AvK. Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) confirmed that CEC, TN and AvK had significant effects on species composition and distribution of the vascular ground flora. Higher abundance in particular groups of vascular ground plant species were found in soils with lower pH or higher contents of AvK, CEC, and TN. Soil TN showed significant negative correlation with Shannon-Wiener index and positive correlation with ecological dominance, whereas soil AvK and CEC were positively correlated with Shannon-Wiener index and soil AvK negatively with ecological dominance. Indicator Species Analysis (ISA) identified 23 vascular ground plant species with significant indicator value ≥ 35 as potential indicators for specific soil factors, which will find wide applications in monitoring and assessment of the soil environment of Dongguan City.
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