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作 者 ：龙文兴,欧芷阳,杨小波,郭涛,李东海

期 刊 ：生态学报 2008年 28卷 4期 页码：1390~1398

关键词：种群密度；种群高度；种群胸径；立木密度；土壤因子；黑桫椤(Alsophila podophylla)种群；五指山；

Keywords:population density, population height, DBH, standing tree density, soil factors, Alsophila podophylla population, Wuzhi Mountain,

摘 要 ：研究了五指山黑桫椤(Alsophila  podophylla)种群密度、高度和胸径等基本特征及种群与立木密度和土壤因子的关系。结果表明：山地雨林和低地雨林黑桫椤平均密度及立木平均密度各自差异极显著，黑桫椤平均高度和平均胸径各自差异不显著。低地雨林黑桫椤平均密度（0.12 ind•m-2）是山地雨林（0.06 ind•m-2）的2倍，后者的立木平均密度（0.467 ind•m-2）是前者（0.343 ind•m-2）的1.4倍，在一定海拔范围内，随海拔升高，黑桫椤种群密度逐渐减少，立木平均密度增大。山地雨林黑桫椤平均密度与平均高度正相关，黑桫椤种群趋于稳定；低地雨林中两者负相关，黑桫椤种群呈增长型，其相关关系都可用二项式方程拟合。山地雨林黑桫椤平均密度与立木平均密度负相关，低地雨林中两者正相关，相关关系可用一元线性方程拟合。山地雨林与低地雨林比较，土壤有机质、全氮、水含量和pH总体上表现为增大趋势，而全磷和全钾含量总体上表现为下降趋势；黑桫椤种群平均密度、高度和胸径与土壤pH、全磷含量和全钾含量关系密切，各自可用二元线性回归方程拟合；3个土壤因子对黑桫椤的作用大小是全钾含量>pH>全磷含量。可以根据以上模型指导黑桫椤保护、繁殖和栽培研究。

Abstract:Both the elementary characteristics of Alsophila podophylla population such as population density, height and DBH, and the relationships between population parameters and each of standing tree density and soil factors on Wuzhi Mt. were studied. Results indicate that there is significantly different on mean densities of A. podophylla and standing tree between the montane rainforest and lowland rainforest, but no difference on mean height and DBH of A. podophylla; A. podophylla mean density in lowland rainforest (0.12 ind•m-2) is twice of that of montane rainforest(0.06 ind•m-2), and in contrast, standing tree density in the latter(0.467 ind•m-2)is 1.4 times of that of the former(0343 ind•m-2); Within a certain range of elevation, A. podophylla mean density gradually decreases, while standing tree mean density increases with increasing of elevation; In montane rainforest, mean density and mean height of A. podophylla are positively correlated, and the population is stable. However, they are negatively correlated and the population is growing in lowland rainforest.The correlaton between the mean density and mean height can be expressed by binomial equations.Relationship between the mean density and standing tree mean density is negative in montane rainforest,but positive in lowland rainforest, the correlaton can be expressed by simple linear equations.Compared with lowland rainforest, organic matter content, total nitrogen content, soil moisture and pH in montane rainforest are inclining to be increasing, and total phosphorus content, total kalium content are in the contrast.; pH and total kalium are closely associated with mean population density, total kalium and total phosphorus are closely associated with mean height, and pH and total kalium are closely associated with mean DBH, Their correlation can be expressed by binary linear equations respectively. Total kalium content has the greatest impacts on A. podophylla population, and the least does total phosphorus. Based on these models, protection, reproduction and cultivation of A. podophylla all can be designed.

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