Abstract:The seed rain and soil seed bank of endangered Taxus chinensis var. mairei were studied in the Daping and Qi moutain in Fujian. The seed rain was investigated using seed traps, and the soil seed bank was examined by collecting soil cores (25 cm×25 cm×4 cm) under the sampling trees. The seed rain of T. chinensis trees lasted for three months with peak period from mid-November to late December. Most seeds of T. chinensis trees dropped within the crown cover area, and 85% seeds fallen were mature seeds. The intensity of seed rain did not differ significantly between 2007 ((252.9+1853) seeds m-2) and 2008 ((228.9 +127.9) seeds m-2). The soil seed bank of T. chinensis trees also mainly distributed in the range of the crown. In March when the seed rain just finished, the soil seed bank mainly distributed in the litter layer, and its density was significantly larger than that of the other two layers; whereas in September just before the new seed rain started, the soil seed bank density in the litter layer apparently decreased. Only very small portion of the seed rain (＜3%) supplied into the soil seed bank, most of the falling seed did not replenish the soil seed bank due to animal predation, human disturbance and enviromental factors.