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作 者 ：崔保山,赵翔,杨志峰

期 刊 ：生态学报 2005年 25卷 7期 页码：1788~1795

关键词：湖泊；最小生态需水量；计算方法；生态水文学；

Keywords:lakes, the minimum ecological water requirement, calculating method, eco-hydrology,

摘 要 ：近几十年来,由于人类活动的加剧以及全球气候的变化,湖泊普遍出现了萎缩、水位下降、水量锐减、湖水盐化、水质污染、富营养化、甚至干涸消亡等状况。确保湖泊生态系统必需的最小水量是解决可能出现的湖泊严重水资源和生态系统危机的区域问题之一。从生态水文学原理出发,对湖泊最小生态需水量的概念进行了探讨,并提出了计算最小生态需水量的3种方法:1曲线相关法;2功能法;3最低生态水位法。在最低生态水位法中,其方法有最低年平均水位法和年保证率设定法。一旦湖泊最小生态需水量得以确定,将为水资源管理部门的水资源合理配置和湖泊管理提供综合性、权威性及可操作性决策依据,为退化湖泊生态系统的恢复与重建提供科学基础。

Abstract:In the past several decades, people unilaterally emphasize the exploitation of lakes and ignore the frangibility of the ecosystems. A large quantity of unreasonable exploitation activities have emerged, such as land reclamation surrounding lakes, serious loss of the vegetation, irrational building of the hydraulic engineering, insufficient water allocation for ecological purpose in the water resources planning, discharge of the waste water from industry and agriculture, and so on. Therefore, lakes have been...

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