摘 要 ：以三江平原小叶章湿地生态系统为研究对象，应用分室模型研究了硫在大气-土壤-植物系统各分室中的分布及循环过程。结果表明，在植物-土壤系统内，土壤是主要的贮存库和流通介质，有97.78%的硫贮存在土壤中，且主要以有机硫的形态存在，2.22%的硫贮存在植物中。在植物亚系统中，根是主要的贮库，79.60%的硫贮存在根中。湿地植物地上部分吸收的总S量为0.75 g S/m2；向地下再转移的总S量为0.24 g S/m2，向枯落物S库转移的总S量为0.51 g S/m2；根吸收的总S量为3.76 g S/m2；根向土壤S库转移的总S量为3.07 g S/m2；现存枯落物中的总S量为0.75 g S/m2；枯落物向土壤S库的转移量最低为0.52 g S/m2•a。输入和输出过程的研究表明，小叶章湿地生态系统在生长季（5~9月份）向大气排放H2S的量为1.42 mg S/m2，从大气吸收COS的量为1.83 mg S/m2；通过大气降水输入到生态系统中的硫为4.85 mg S/m2，其差值为5.26 mg S/m2，这表明硫在小叶章湿地生态系统中处于累积状态，湿地存在潜在的酸化趋势。
Abstract:Using the compartment model, the sulfur distribution and cycle in each compartment of atmosphere-plant-soil system were studied in Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem in the Sanjiang Plain. The results showed that the soil was the main storage and current hinge of sulfur in which 97.78% sulfur was accumulated, while only 2.22% sulfur in the plant. In the plant subsystem, the root was the main storage of sulfur and it remained 79.60% of the total sulfur. Sulfur turnover in the Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem showed that the aboveground parts took up 0.75 g S/m2 and the re-translocation amounts to the root were 0.24 g S/m2, and to the litter were 0.51 g S/m2; the root took up 3.76 g S/m2 and the translocation amounts to the soil were 3.07 g S/m2; the amounts of sulfur in the litter were 0.75 g S/m2 a and the translocation amounts to the soil were more than 0.52 g S/m2 a. The emission amounts of H2S from the Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland ecosystem to the atmosphere were 1.42 mg S/m2, while COS was absorbed by the Calamagrostis angustifolia wetland from the atmosphere and absorption amounts were 1.83 mg S/m2; the input amounts of sulfur from the rain to the ecosystem were 4.85mg S/m2 during the growing season. The difference between input and output amounts were 5.26 mg S/m2, which indicated that sulfur was accumulated in ecosystem and would lead to the wetland acidification in the future.