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作 者 ：高增祥,季荣,徐汝梅,谢宝瑜,李典谟

期 刊 ：生态学报 2003年 23卷 3期 页码：559~570

关键词：外来种；入侵种；生物入侵；竞争；环境扰动；群落的可侵入性；生态位；预测；模型；

Keywords:alien species, invasive species, biotic invasions, competition, disturbance, invasibility, niche, invasion predicting, ecological model,

摘 要 ：生物入侵是指某种生物从原来的分布区域扩展到一个新的 (通常也是遥远的 )地区 ,在新的区域里 ,其后代可以繁殖、扩散并持续维持下去。生物入侵成功的原因 ,既与入侵者本身的生物学、生态学特征有关 ,也与群落的脆弱性有关。入侵者可能较本地种的竞争能力强 ,更适应当地的环境。有的入侵者还可以改变环境 ,使之对己有利 ,而不利于本地种。缺乏天敌制约、群落的稳定性低和异常的环境扰动往往导致生物入侵。生物入侵的预测包括哪一种外来种会变成入侵种 ?哪些生态系统或区域会被入侵 ?影响程度如何 ?入侵种的扩散态势如何等内容。对有关的理论和模型作了评介。

Abstract:Biotic invasions can occur when organisms are trans ported to new, often distant, ranges where their descendants proliferate, spread , and persist. Biological invasions have been causing major environmental and ec ological damage, few areas remain sheltered from these immigrations in today‘s w orld, and they have become a priority concern for conservation biologists and la nd managers. In this paper, we discuss the process of invasions, the mechanism o f alien species displacing native species, and the pred...

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